I know thy works, and charity, and service, and faith, and thy patience, and thy works; and the last to be more than the first.

A B C, Vulgate, transpose, and read, 'faith and service.' The four are subordinate to "thy works:" 'I know thy works, even the love and the faith (forming one pair, as "faith works by love," ), and the service (ministration to suffering members, and to all in spiritual or temporal need), and the persevering endurance of (i:e., shown by) thee.' As love is inward, so service outward. Similarly, faith and persevering endurance () are connected.

And thy works; and the last. Omit the second "and," with A B C 'Aleph ('), Vulgate, 'And (I know) thy works which are last (to be) more in number than the first;' realizing : the converse of ; . Instead of retrograding from "first works" and "first love," as Ephesus, Thyatira's last works exceeded her first (Revelation 2:4).

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