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The Jewish authorities appear to be right in referring this law, like
those in Exodus 21:26, Exodus 21:32, to foreign slaves (see Leviticus
25:44). The protection here afforded to the life of a slave
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CHAPTER 21 DIFFERENT JUDGMENTS
_ 1. Master and servant (Exodus 21:1)_
2. Concerning injury to the person (Exodus 21:12)
3. Concerning property (Exodus 21:33)
The Three Chapter s which follow the gi...
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EXODUS 21:18 E. INJURIES. If one man injures another in a quarrel
(Exodus 21:18), he must, on the recovery of the other, compensate him
for the loss of time and pay his doctor's bill (Exodus 21:19). H...
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PUNISHED. avenged....
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Beating a slave so that he dies. _Vv._26 f., 32, also deal with
injuries to slaves. The penalties prescribed shew that less was
thought of the life of a slave than of that of a free man, in _v._21
he...
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_his servant, or his maid_ i.e. (cf. marg.) his male or female slave.
_a rod_ The usual implement of punishment (Proverbs 10:13; Proverbs
13:24).
_punished_ lit. _avenged_; so _v._21. In what the pun...
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Bodily injuries, caused (_a_) by human beings, _vv._18 27; (_b_) by
animals, or through the neglect of reasonable precautions, _vv._28 36....
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Bodily injuries caused by human beings. Four cases are taken, two
arising out of a quarrel, and two out of rough treatment of a slave
(_vv._22 25 would more naturally follow _vv._18, 19). In fixing th...
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Exodus 20:22 to Exodus 23:33
_The Book of the Covenant_
The -Book of the Covenant" (see Exodus 24:7 in explanation of the
name) is the oldest piece of Hebrew legislation that we possess. The
laws co...
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IF A MAN SMITE HIS SERVANT, &C.— The equity of these laws is
apparent to every reader, though the Jewish Rabbis have done all they
could to restrict and render them unworthy the Divine Lawgiver. The
l...
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THE TEXT OF EXODUS
TRANSLATION
21NOW THESE ARE THE ORDINANCES WHICH THOU SHALT SET BEFORE them.
(2) If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the
seventh he shall go out free for...
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_AND IF A MAN SMITE HIS SERVANT, OR HIS MAID, WITH A ROD, AND HE DIE
UNDER HIS HAND; HE SHALL BE SURELY PUNISHED._
If a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die ...
х_ BASHEEBET_ (H...
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THE BOOK OF THE COVENANT (CONTINUED)
I-ii. Regulations regarding the Treatment of Hebrew Slaves.
Slavery was universal in ancient times, and the Mosaic Law does not
abolish it. Among the Hebrews, howe...
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EXODUS: *ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION
GOD’S INSTRUCTIONS TO MOSES
EXODUS CHAPTER S 19 TO 40
_HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_
CHAPTER 21
*HEBREW SLAVES – VERSES 1-11
V1 The *LORD continued to speak to...
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AND IF A MAN SMITE HIS SERVANT. — The homicide hitherto considered
has been that of freemen; but the Mosaic Law was not content to stop
at this point. Unlike most other codes, it proceeded to forbid t...
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וְ כִֽי ־יַכֶּה֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶת
־עַבְדֹּ֜ו אֹ֤ו
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CHAPTER XXI.
_ THE LESSER LAW (continued)._
PART II.--RIGHTS OF THE PERSON.
Exodus 21:1.
The first words of God from Sinai had declared that He was Jehovah Who
brought them out of slavery. And in t...
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At this point we have certain laws which apply the principles of the
Decalogue to life. The first movement has to do with the laws of the
person. This begins with the relation of slaves to their maste...
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The apostle hath the best comment upon these precepts. Ephesians 6:9;
Ephesians 6:9....
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"In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out
of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of
Sinai." Up to this point all the dealings of God have been the...
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20._And if a man smite his servant_. Although in civil matters there
was a wide distinction between slaves and free-men, still, that God
may show how dear and precious men’s lives are to Him, He has n...
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THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 19 THROUGH 23.
But having thus terminated the course of grace, the scene changes
entirely. They do not keep the feast on the mountain, whither God, as
He had...
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AND IF A MAN SMITE HIS SERVANT OR HIS MAID WITH A ROD,.... A
Canaanitish servant or maid, as the Targum of Jonathan, and so Jarchi;
and that only with a rod for the correction of them, and not with a...
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And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die
under his hand; he shall be surely punished.
Ver. 20. _He shall be surely punished._] At the discretion of the
magistrate, who is t...
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_With a rod_ The usual instrument of correction, whereby is implied,
that if he killed the person with a sword or any such weapon he was to
be put to death; _and he die under his hand_ While the maste...
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1 Lawes for men seruants.
5 For the seruant whose eare is boared.
7 For women seruants.
12 For manslaughter.
16 For stealers of men.
17 For cursers of parents.
18 For smiters.
22 For a hurt by...
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C. FIRST FORM OF THE LAW OF THE POLITICAL COMMONWEALTH
Exodus 21:1 to Exodus 23:33
_a. Right of Personal Freedom (according to Bertheau, ten in number)_
1Now these _are_ the judgments [ordinances] w...
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RESPONSIBILITIES OF MASTERS
(vs.1-11)
Moses is now given an expanded view of the law on Chapter s 21-23.
Special duties of masters are first considered. They may think they
have full authority over t...
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PUNISHED:
_ Heb._ avenged...
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12-21 God, who by his providence gives and maintains life, by his law
protects it. A wilful murderer shall be taken even from God's altar.
But God provided cities of refuge to protect those whose unh...
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HIS SERVANT, namely, a stranger; for an Israelite was to be better
used. See LEVITICUS 25:39,40, &c. WITH A ROD; a fit and usual
instrument for correction, whereby it is implied, that if he killed
him...
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The study of this section of our book is eminently calculated to
impress the heart with a sense d God's unsearchable wisdom and
infinite goodness. It enables one to form some idea of the character
of...
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Exodus 21:20 man H376 beats H5221 (H8686) male H5650 servant H519 rod
H7626 dies H4191 (H8804) hand...
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REGULATIONS IN RESPECT OF EXTREME VIOLENCE TO ANOTHER (EXODUS 21:12).
The following regulations all deal with extreme violence towards
others. This came first in matters to do with behaviour towards...
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EXPANSION OF THE TEN WORDS OF THE COVENANT (EXODUS 20:22 TO EXODUS
23:33).
In this section, which is composed of elements put together mainly in
chiastic form (see later), Yahweh expands on the Ten W...
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CONTENTS: Laws concerning servants. Injuries to the person.
CHARACTERS: God, Moses.
CONCLUSION: The great God of heaven stoops to take interest in the
detail affairs between man and man and makes re...
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Exodus 21:1. _These are the judgments._ In this chapter we enter upon
the fifty seven precepts of the civil law of the Hebrew nation. They
are the laws of patriarchal society; and are here arranged an...
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_If a man smite his servant._
MASTERS AND SERVANTS
1. It is supposed that masters in the Church of God may be cruel in
correcting servants, but it is sin.
2. It is possible that death may follow up...
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 21:20 These verses provide a general rule
relating to cases in which a slave has been severely beaten by his
master (STRIKES HIS SLAVE... WITH A ROD). The instruction not to
aven...
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_MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.— Exodus 21:11_
GOD’S DISAPPROBATION OF BRUTE FORCE.—_Exodus 21:22_
I. One of the great underlying principles and fundamental axioms of
the Mosaic legislation was t...
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EXPOSITION
THE BOOK OF THE COVENANT.—_Continued_.
I. _Laws connected with the rights of persons_ (Exodus 21:1). The
regulations of this section concern—
1. Slavery ...
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Exodus chapter twenty-one, God said to Moses,
Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them (Exodus
21:1).
Now the judgments are really for the judges. You remember they
appointed seve...
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smite Exodus 21:26 Exodus 21:27 Deuteronomy 19:21 Proverbs 29:19...
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Direction is given what should be done, if a servant died by his
master's correction. This servant must not be an Israelite, but a
Gentile slave, as the Negroes to our planters; and it is supposed tha...