Acts 14:4

‘But the multitude of the city was divided, and part held with the Jews, and part with the apostles.'

The result of both sides seeking this kind of general support in the assembly was a gradually divided city, with part supporting the Jews, and part the Apostles. In the nature of their governing body this would also be reflected in any vote cast by their assembly. It was still clearly seen to be a close call. The very strict Jews and fervent idolaters were on one side. Those who admired Paul and rejoiced in the miracles that were being done, or who despised idolatry, were on the other.

We note here the first use of the term ‘Apostles' of Paul and Barnabas. There is perhaps the intention to contrast the earthly authority with the heavenly. They had been authenticated by the signs and wonders (2 Corinthians 12:12), and were those who had been ‘sent forth' (ekpempo) from Antioch by the Holy Spirit. Furthermore Barnabas was probably a witness of the resurrection, as Paul was, ‘as one born out of due time' (1 Corinthians 15:8). The term ‘apostle' is occasionally used of messengers of the churches, but Luke here probably intends to indicate full Apostleship, an Apostleship which Paul elsewhere specifically claims (Galatians 2:7; Romans 11:13; 1Co 4:9; 1 Corinthians 9:1; 2 Corinthians 11:5; 2 Corinthians 12:11).