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Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

Ezekiel 27:13

“Javan, Tubal and Meshech, they traded with you,

They exchanged the persons of men and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.”

Javan (compare Isaiah 66:19) originally indicated the Ionians (Assyrian Iamanu), but came to refer to the Grecian empire as a whole (Daniel 8:20; Daniel 10:20; Daniel 11:2). The three names mentioned are fairly closely connected, especially the last two (Gen 10:2; 1 Chronicles 1:5; Isaiah 66:19). Tubal and Meshech (Ezekiel 32:26; Ezekiel 38:2; Ezekiel 39:1) were a warlike people, named in Assyrian inscriptions as Tabal and Musku. They probably came from south east of the Black Sea, establishing themselves in Anatolia. They traded in slaves and bronze. (Any connection with Moscow and Tobolsk is extremely tenuous).

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See also Ezekiel 27:13 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse Ezekiel 27:13. _JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESHECH_] The Ionians, the Tybarenians, and the Cappadocians, or Muscovites. _THEY TRADED THE PERSONS OF MEN_] That is, they trafficked in _slaves_. The bodies...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    The thread broken at Ezekiel 27:8 is taken up, and the various nations are enumerated which traded with Tyre. Ezekiel 27:12 TARSHISH - Tartessus in Spain (marginal references). Spain was rich in the...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    Ezekiel 27:1. Ezekiel 27:1 give an interesting description of the world-wide commerce and glory of this proud world city. “Sic transit gloria mundi,” thus passeth the glory of the world! Of the proud...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EZEKIEL 27. THE DIRGE OVER TYRE. The interest of the brilliant poem that follows is greatly enhanced by the description of the commerce of Tyre in a passage (Ezekiel 27:9_ b_ - Ezekiel 27:25_ a_) rema...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    JAVAN. Ionia. Compare Genesis 10:4. These are named together in Genesis 10:2. PERSONS. souls. Hebrew. _nephesh_. App-13. Referring to the slave trade. See Revelation 18:13. MEN. mankind. Hebrew 'ad

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    The market of Tyre Several things are to be observed in this passage: 1. The representation is not that Tyre is traded with by the nations, though this is the fact lying under the figures employed. T...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    These three countries, Javan, Tubal and Meshech are usually named together, Genesis 10:2; Ezekiel 32:26; Ezekiel 38:2; Ezekiel 39:1;...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESECH— _Greece, the Tibareni, and Moschi,_ [situated near the Euxine sea] _the associates of thy merchandize, bring to thy marts slaves and brazen vessels._ Houbigant....

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    II. THE LAMENTATION OVER TYRE 27:1-36 Chapter 27 consists of an allegorical dirge song artistically interrupted by a prose section. Tyre is pictured as a beautiful ship superbly fitted out and manned...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    B. The Ship in her Ports of Call 27:12-25a TRANSLATION (12) Tarshish was your client because of the abundance of all kinds of wealth; silver, iron, tin and lead they traded for your wares. (13) Javan...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market. JAVAN - the Ionians or Greeks; because the Ionians of Asia Minor were the fir...

  • Darby's translation notes (1890)

    27:13 thee (a-12) Lit. 'furnished thy barter.'...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE WRECK OF THE GALLANT SHIP Under the figure of a ship, splendidly equipped, fully manned, and richly laden, but steered into stormy waters and wrecked, Ezekiel describes the fall of Tyre. In Ezeki...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESHECH] these nations are named together in Genesis 10:2. Javan is Ionia in Asia Minor. Tubal and Meshech are usually identified with the Tibareni and Moschi, two tribes in the N. o...

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    EZEKIEL: “THEY SHALL KNOW THAT I AM GOD” GOD’S PLANS FOR *ISRAEL AND THE NATIONS EZEKIEL CHAPTER S 25 TO 39 _IAN MACKERVOY_ CHAPTER 27 A FUNERAL SONG FOR TYRE – EZEKIEL 27:1-11 V1 The

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESHECH. — Javan is strictly Ionia, more generally Greece. Tubal and Meshech are the classic _Tibareni_ and _Moschi,_ between the Black and Caspian Seas. They were famous for dealing...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    יָוָ֤ן תֻּבַל֙ וָ מֶ֔שֶׁךְ הֵ֖מָּה רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ...

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    TYRE (CONTINUED): SIDON Ezekiel 27:1; Ezekiel 28:1 THE remaining oracles on Tyre (Chapter s 27, Ezekiel 28:1) are somewhat different both in subject and mode of treatment from the chapter we have jus...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    At the command of Jehovah, Ezekiel then took up a lamentation for Tyre. This took the form of a pictorial representation of her as a gallant ship trafficking among the nations and ultimately wrecked,...

  • Geneva Study Bible Commentary

    (f) Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they [were] thy merchants: they traded (g) in the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market. (f) Of Greece, Italy and Cappadocia. (g) By selling slaves....

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    _Slaves. Those from Greece were much esteemed. (Calmet) --- Alas! thirty thousand Tyrians were themselves thus sold by Alexander [the Great]! (Haydock)_...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    I have not interrupted the reading of the whole Chapter, for from the beginning to the close of the Chapter, it is but one and the same subject. The riches, trade, and commerce of Tyrus, fills the who...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 26, 27, AND 28. Although in a certain sense upon Israel's territory, Tyre has another character, and is the subject of a separate prophecy (chaps. 26-28), bec...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    Ver. 13 JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESHECH, THEY [WERE] THY MERCHANTS,.... Javan designs Greece, as the Septuagint and Vulgate Latin versions render it; especially that part of it called Ionia, from Javan the...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they [were] thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market. Ver. 13. _Javan, Tubal, and Meshech,_] _i.e., _ Grecians, Spaniards, and Musco...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _Tarshish was thy merchant_ Trafficked with thee. Of _Tarshish_, see note on Isaiah 2:16; Isaiah 23:1. _Javan, Tubal, and Meshech_ By _Javan_ is to be understood Greece, in which sense Alexander is st...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    DESCRIPTION OF THE COMMERCE OF TYRE...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    Javan, the Ionians of Asia Minor, TUBAL, AND MESHECH, the latter two being countries or states between the Black and the Caspian Sea, THEY WERE THY MERCHANTS; THEY TRADED THE PERSONS OF MEN, in the tr...

  • Marginal Notes in the King James Version (1611)

    MARKET: Or, merchandise...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    1-25 Those who live at ease are to be lamented, if they are not prepared for trouble. Let none reckon themselves beautified, any further than they are sanctified. The account of the trade of Tyre int...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    JAVAN; the Grecians, particularly the Ionians. _Tubal_; the Asiatic Iberians, &c.; the Albanians toward the Caspian Sea. MESHECH; the Cappadocians, with the Moschi, who dwelt about Cholcis, the countr...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Ezekiel 27:13 Javan H3120 Tubal H8422 Meshech H4902 traders H7402 (H8802) bartered H5414 (H8804) human H120 lives

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Lamentation for Tyre. CHARACTERS: God, Ezekiel. CONCLUSION: God takes notice of the vain conceits men have of themselves in their prosperity. When they pride themselves on pomp and pleasur...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Ezekiel 27:6. _The isles of Chittim._ Cilicia, Cyprus, Macedonia, the Greek islands, or Apulia on the shores of Italy. Thus critics take the word in a general sense. Ezekiel 27:9. _Gebal,_ a district...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches._ THE FAIRS OF TYRE Let us look in upon a world’s fair at Tyre. Ezekiel leads us through one department, and it is a horse...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _Take up a lamentation for Tyrus._ A PROUD CITY The men of the world are wise, choosing the fittest places for their own advantage and interest. Let us learn so much of the men of the world, to be w...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    EZEKIEL—NOTE ON EZEKIEL 27:1 This second installment of the prophecy against TYRE is both simple and complex. It follows a simple story line, in the form of a lament, but the language and technical de...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    EZEKIEL—NOTE ON EZEKIEL 27:12 The impressive range of merchant connections begins and ends with TARSHISH, probably in southern Spain. Tyre’s trade stretched along the whole extent of the Mediterranean...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    EZEKIEL—NOTE ON EZEKIEL 27:13 The names JAVAN, TUBAL, AND MESHECH first occur as sons of Japheth in Genesis 10:2 (repeated in...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    TYRE’S FORMER GREATNESS, SUGGESTING A LAMENTATION OVER HER SAD DOWNFALL (Chap. 27) EXEGETICAL NOTES.—“The lamentation commences with a picture of the glory of the city of Tyre, its situation, its arch...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION EZEKIEL 27:2 TAKE UP A LAMENTATION FOR TYRUS. The dirge over the merchant-city that follows, the doom _sic transit gloria mundi, _worked out with a fullness of detail which reminds us of t...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    So the word of the LORD came again unto me, saying, Now, thou son of man, take up a lamentation (Ezekiel 27:1-2) This is a wailing, a cry for Tyrus. This is lamenting the destruction that is come. An...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    1 Chronicles 1:5; 1 Chronicles 1:7; Daniel 10:20; Daniel 11:2; Da

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    Javan — The Grecians, particularly the Ionians. Tubal — The Asiatic Iberians, and the Albanians toward the Caspian sea. Meshech — The Cappadocians. They traded — Brought men to sell for slaves....

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