‘Now I plead with you, brothers and sisters, mark those who are causing the divisions and occasions of stumbling, contrary to the doctrine which you learned: and turn away from them.'

The false teachers against whom he is warning were teaching ‘contrary to the doctrine which you learned'. There is no suggestion that they were antinomianists (those who taught the licence to indulge in the sins of the flesh). Indeed they were probably calling Paul an antinomian (Romans 3:8; Romans 6:1). They were rather those who rejected the idea of salvation through faith alone. They demanded circumcision for all who would be Messianists (Romans 2:28; Galatians 6:12; Philippians 3:2), abstinence from unclean meats, and the observance of holy days and sabbaths (Colossians 2:16), all as necessary for salvation. As a consequence they caused division in the churches where they were found, and put stumblingblocks in the way of weak Christians. The church should therefore turn away from them. They were to be ostracised.

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