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Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary

Exodus 22:28

Gods; not gods falsely so called, as some would have it, as appears by 1 Kings 18:27 Jeremiah 10:11; but magistrates and governors, whether civil or ecclesiastical, as it is evident both from Acts 23:3 and from the following words, which explain the former, according to the common use of Scripture, and from the title of gods commonly given to such, as Exodus 7:1 Psalms 82:6 1 Thessalonians 10:34,35. The ruler of thy people. Compare /APC Sir 10:20, Judges 1:8.

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See also Exodus 22:28 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse Exodus 22:28. _THOU SHALT NOT REVILE THE GODS_] Most commentators believe that the word _gods_ here means _magistrates_. The original is אלהים _Elohim_, and should be understood of the true God...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    THE GODS - Heb. אלהים _'ělôhı̂ym_. See Exodus 21:6 note. Many take it as the name of God (as in Genesis 1:1), and this certainly seems best to represent the Hebrew, and to suit the context. CURSE TH...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 22 FURTHER JUDGMENTS _ 1. Concerning theft (Exodus 22:1)_ 2. Concerning neglect in case of fire (Exodus 22:6) 3. Concerning dishonesty (Exodus 22:7) 4. Concerning immoralities and forbidde...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EXODUS 22:18 E. VARIOUS ORDINANCES. From this point up to Exodus 23:9 we have to do with miscellaneous laws, differing in the main both in form and substance from the Judgments, and therefore here reg...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    CURSE. Compare Ecclesiastes 10:20; Acts 23:5; 2 Peter 2:10; Jude 1:8....

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    Reverence to be shewn to God, and to those in authority. _revile_ the word (_ḳâlal_) usually rendered _curse_(e.g. Exodus 21:17): here represented by _revile_, because of the syn. (_"ârar_) in _v._28...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    Exodus 20:22 to Exodus 23:33 _The Book of the Covenant_ The -Book of the Covenant" (see Exodus 24:7 in explanation of the name) is the oldest piece of Hebrew legislation that we possess. The laws co...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    THOU SHALT NOT REVILE THE GODS— _The magistrates._ See note on ch. Exodus 21:6 and Romans 13:1. _The ruler of thy people_ means here any one _elevated_ (according to the original) in dignity and autho...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    THE TEXT OF EXODUS TRANSLATION 22 If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall pay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. (2) If the thief be found breaking in,...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    _THOU SHALT NOT REVILE THE GODS, NOR CURSE THE RULER OF THY PEOPLE._ Thou shalt not revile the gods. Josephus, who endeavours so often to accommodate his religion to pagan tastes and prejudices, inte...

  • Darby's translation notes (1890)

    22:28 judges, (a-6) Or 'God' lit. _ Elohim_ . see Note c, ch. 21.6....

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE BOOK OF THE COVENANT (CONTINUED) 1. Four sheep] The larger compensation required in the case of the ox is probably due to the fact that it is an animal used for labour, and of proportionately hig...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE GODS] RV 'God.' RM 'judges' is also possible: see on Exodus 21:6. But cp. St. Peter's injunction (1 Peter 2:17)....

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    EXODUS: *ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION GOD’S INSTRUCTIONS TO MOSES EXODUS CHAPTER S 19 TO 40 _HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_ CHAPTER 22 LAWS ABOUT PROPERTY – VERSES 1-15 V1 The *LORD continued to spe...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    MISCELLANEOUS LAWS. (16-31) The remainder of the chapter contains laws which it is impossible to bring under any general head or heads, and which can, therefore, only be regarded as miscellaneous. Mo...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    THOU SHALT NOT REVILE THE GODS. — The LXX. And Vulgate give the passage this sense; and so it was understood, or at any rate expounded, by Philo (_De Vit. Mos._ ii. 26) and Josephus (_Ant. Jud._ iv. 8...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    _[Exodus 22:27]_ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א תְקַלֵּ֑ל וְ נָשִׂ֥יא...

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    CHAPTER XXII. _ THE LESSER LAW (continued)._ PART IV. Exodus 22:16 - Exodus 23:19. The Fourth section of this law within the law consists of enactments, curiously disconnected, many of them without...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    The laws of property follow. The section really begins with verse Exo 21:33 of the previous chapter. These laws also began by laying emphasis on the guilt of carelessness. The truth emphasized is that...

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    _Gods. Judges, priests, &c. Josephus and Philo say, we must not speak ill of strange gods, lest the Gentiles should take occasion to blaspheme the true God, and that we may be farther removed from the...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    Acts 23:5....

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    "In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of Sinai." Up to this point all the dealings of God have been the...

  • James Nisbet's Church Pulpit Commentary

    _SUNDRY LAWS FOR ISRAEL_ ‘If thou … Thou shalt not … Ye shall.’ Exodus 22:23; Exodus 22:28; Exodus 22:31 I. RESTITUTION IS ONE OF THE PRIME THOUGHTS IN THIS LESSON.—Alas that this is far from being...

  • John Calvin's Bible Commentary

    Exodus 22:28._Thou shalt not revile the gods_. These four passages confirm what I have said, that in the: Fifth Commandment are comprised, by _synecdoche _all superiors in authority.: For it was not t...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 19 THROUGH 23. But having thus terminated the course of grace, the scene changes entirely. They do not keep the feast on the mountain, whither God, as He had...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    THOU SHALT NOT REVILE THE GODS,.... Meaning not the idols of the Gentiles, which they reckon gods, and worship as such; which is the sense of Philo, and some others, particularly Josephus i, who, to c...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. Ver. 28. _Thou shalt not revile the gods._] Blaspheme dignities. Jdg 1:8 This is blasphemy is the second table....

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _Thou shalt not revile the gods_ That is, the judges and magistrates. Princes and magistrates are our fathers, whom the fifth commandment obligeth us to honour, and forbids us to _revile._ St. Paul ap...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 Of theft. 5 Of dammage. 7 Of trespasses. 14.Of borrowing. 16 Of fornication. 18 Of witchcraft. 19 Of bestialitie. 20 Of idolatrie. 21 Of strangers, widowes, and fatherlesse. 25 Of vsurie. 2...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    Thou shalt not revile the gods, that is, Elohim, the one true God, they shall not blaspheme, NOR CURSE THE RULER OF THY PEOPLE, who is a representative of the Lord on earth....

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    REGARDING VARIOUS SOCIAL RELATIONS...

  • Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures

    C. FIRST FORM OF THE LAW OF THE POLITICAL COMMONWEALTH Exodus 21:1 to Exodus 23:33 _a. Right of Personal Freedom (according to Bertheau, ten in number)_ 1Now these _are_ the judgments [ordinances] w...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    LAWS AS REGARDS PROPERTY (vs.1-15) While one rightly was control over his own property, yet he is also responsible as to how he uses it. If one were to dig a pit, even on his own property, and leave...

  • Marginal Notes in the King James Version (1611)

    GODS: Or, judges...

  • Notes on the Pentateuch by Charles Henry Mackintosh

    The study of this section of our book is eminently calculated to impress the heart with a sense d God's unsearchable wisdom and infinite goodness. It enables one to form some idea of the character of...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Exodus 22:28 revile H7043 (H8762) God H430 curse H779 (H8799) ruler H5387 people H5971 the gods - or, judges,...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    REGULATIONS ABOUT DUTY TO GOD (EXODUS 22:28). Again we might discern a pattern as follows: a Not to revile God or ruler (Exodus 22:28). b Not to delay offering firstfruits of corn and vintage (Exodu...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    EXPANSION OF THE TEN WORDS OF THE COVENANT (EXODUS 20:22 TO EXODUS 23:33). In this section, which is composed of elements put together mainly in chiastic form (see later), Yahweh expands on the Ten W...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Judgments on rights of property; crimes against humanity. CHARACTERS: God, Moses. CONCLUSION: Man's attitude to his fellow man will be based on his attitude to God and His law. KEY WORD:...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Exodus 22:2. _Breaking up,_ by forcible entrance into a house, _there shall no blood be shed for him,_ though he be killed by another in his own defence. In that case the thief might be presumed to ha...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _The ruler of thy people._ THE DIVINE RIGHT OF MAGISTRATES TO RESPECT I. That the powers that be are ordained of God (Romans 13:1; 1 Peter 2:13). II. That magistrates must re treated with respect, b...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL NOTES.— Exodus 22:31. And ye shall be holy men.] This seemingly abrupt clause is to be taken in a relation of strict _sequence_ with all that has gone before. As much as to say: “And so—namel...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION MISCELLANEOUS LAWS (Exodus 22:16-2) EXODUS 22:16, EXODUS 22:17 _Laws against seduction_. It has been

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION II. LAWS CONNECTED WITH RIGHTS OF PROPERTY (verses 33-36). From the consideration of injuries to the person, the legislator proceeds to treat of injuries to property, and, as he has been sp...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    If a man shall steal an ox, and kill it, [The rustlers] and sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, four sheep for a sheep (Exodus 22:1). You see in those days they were interested in taking ca...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    the gods. or judges Exodus 22:8 Exodus 22:9 Psalms 32:6 Psalms 82:1 Psalms 138:1

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    Thou shalt not revile the gods — That is, the judges and magistrates. Princes and magistrates are our fathers, whom the fifth commandment obligeth us to honour, and forbids us to revile. St. Paul appl...

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