Hippolytus Refutation of All Heresies Book IX
For it seems expedient that we, making an onslaught upon the opinion which constitutes the prime source of (contemporaneous) evils, should prove what are the originating principles[4]
Archelaus Acts of the Disputation with the Heresiarch Manes
And in saying this he pronounces on them as Gentiles, because they were under the elements of the world,[117]
Verse Galatians 4:3. _EVEN SO WE_] The whole Jewish people were in a state of nonage while under the law. _THE ELEMENTS OF THE WORLD_] A mere Jewish phrase, יסודי עולם הזה _yesodey olam hazzeh_, "th...
EVEN SO WE - We who were Jews - for so I think the word here is to be limited, and not extended to the pagan, as Bloomfield supposes. The reasons for limiting it are: * That the pagans in no sense s...
CHAPTER 4 _ 1. Under the law in the state of minority. (Galatians 4:1)_ 2. The Son revealed to redeem. (Galatians 4:4) 3. Because ye are Sons; the Spirit of Sonship. (Galatians 4:6) 4. The backslid
An heir may be either one who is entering on his inheritance or one who is hereafter to enter on it. In a sense, the Christian inheritance is always future; heaven lies ahead. And the NT, with its str...
This is what I mean--so long as the heir is an infant there is no difference between him and a slave, although he is owner of everything, but he is under the control of stewards and overseers until th...
THE DAYS OF CHILDHOOD (Galatians 4:1-7)...
EVEN SO WE. So we also. IN BONDAGE. enslaved. Greek. _douloo_ App-190. ELEMENTS. elementary rules. Greek. _stoicheion_. Here, Galatians 4:9; Colossians 2:8; Colossians 2:20;...
_Even so we_ Both Jews and Gentiles, _as such_, i.e. before conversion to Christ. _children_ minors, as in Galatians 4:1. _the elements of the world_ The exact meaning of this expression is doubtful....
ἬΜΕΘΑ אD*G. ἦμεν ABC etc. 3. ΟὝΤΩΣ ΚΑῚ ἩΜΕΙ͂Σ. We Jews primarily, though not exclusively, for the restraints were felt by all until Christ came. ὍΤΕ ἮΜΕΝ ΝΉΠΙΟΙ, Galatians 4:1. What a claim for the...
23–4:7. _The contrast between our former state of pupillage under the Law, and our present state in Christ, full sonship_ This is brought out under two aspects: I. Galatians 3:23-29. The preparative c...
ΟΎΤΩΣ (G3779) итак, следовательно. Теперь Павел приступает к применению примера, ΉΜΕΝ _impf. ind. act. от_ ΕΙΜΊ (G1510) быть, ΣΤΟΙΧΕΪ́ΟΝ (G4747) простейший элемент. Это могут быть начатки учения, э...
EVEN SO WE,— It is plain that St. Paul speaks here in the name of the _Jews_ or _Jewish church,_ which, though God's peculiar people, yet was to pass a _nonage,—_so St. Paul calls it,—under the restra...
C. ILLUSTRATION AS TO WHY THE LAW PRECEDED AND MUST GIVE WAY TO THE GOSPEL. Galatians 4:1-31 1. Childhood and manhood. Galatians 4:1-11 TEXT 4:1-4 (1) But I say that so long as the heir is a child...
_ VERSE 3. EVEN SO WE, WHEN WE WERE CHILDREN, WERE IN BONDAGE UNDER THE ELEMENTS OF THE WORLD._ VERSE 3. Under the elements of the world. The Law of Moses deals with mundane matters. It holds the mir...
Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; NOW I SAY - a phrase introducing a continued explanatory argument (Ellicott). God's s...
1 The place of an infant heir differs from that of a slave in right but not in fact. Though entitled to all, he is treated as though master of nothing. He is watched by guardians, and supervised by st...
THE BONDAGE OF THE LAW. FREEDOM IN CHRIST 1-7. Under the Law we were in bondage; under the Gospel we have received the freedom of sons. PARAPHRASE. '(1) The heir before he comes of age can no more en...
CHILDREN] in a state of tutelage under the Law. ELEMENTS] RV 'rudiments' (cp. Galatians 4:9; Colossians 2:8); elementary religious observances belonging to the outward, visible WORLD....
CHRIST HAS MADE US FREE GALATIANS _HELEN POCOCK_ CHAPTER 4 YOU ARE GOD’S SONS, YOU ARE NOT SLAVES V1 I will continue what I was saying to you. A young son will receive the property that his fath...
‘The basic things that people in the world believe’ probably refers to the *Gentile religions. Paul had already described how the *Jewish law made the *Jews like prisoners (3:23). Most Christians in G...
(1-7) A further description, continued from the last chapter, of the state of wardship, with its restraints and servitude, compared with that Christian freedom — the freedom of sons — to which the Gal...
WE. — That is, in the first instance, and specially, the Jews; but the Gentiles are also included. The Apostle is speaking from the point of view of the Christians: “all who are now Christians, whatev...
CHAPTER 16 THE HEIR'S COMING OF AGE. Galatians 4:1 THE main thesis of the Epistle is now established. Gentile Christians, Paul has shown, are in the true Abrahamic succession of faith. And this devo...
νήπιοι : _children, i.e._, spiritually children. The clause points to the stage of undeveloped spiritual life through which converts from heathenism had passed, the spiritual childhood which had been...
THERE WERE IN THE GENTILE WORLD ALSO BEFORE CHRIST CHILDREN OF GOD IN BONDAGE TO HUMAN RULE, THAT KNEW NOT THE UNSEEN FATHER IN HEAVEN WHO WAS ORDERING THEIR LIVES. THEY WERE LIKE ORPHAN CHILDREN, WHO...
LIVE AS SONS, NOT AS BONDMEN Galatians 4:1 The Apostle often uses the word _elements_ or “rudiments,” Galatians 4:3; Galatians 4:9;...
He now declared the process of freedom. "God sent forth His Son... under the law." Thus the law He kept was justified, and He lived thereby. But more than this, He bore its penalty, and so procured ju...
Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the (b) elements of the world: (b) The Law is called elements, because by the Law God instructed his Church as it were by elements, and afterw...
_Under the elements of the world. St. John Chrysostom understands the exterior ceremonies and precepts of the law of Moses, with an allusion to the first elements or rudiments which children are taugh...
(1) В¶ Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; (2) But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father. (3)...
Galatians 1:1-24. We saw the second of Corinthians characterized by the most rapid transitions of feeling, by a deep and fervent sense of God's consolations, by a revulsion so much the more powerful i...
3._Under the elements of the world. Elements _may either mean, literally, outward and bodily things, or, metaphorically, rudiments. I prefer the latter interpretation. But why does he say that those t...
The relative position therefore of the Jew (even though he were godly) before the coming of Christ, and of the believing Jew or Gentile when Christ had been revealed, is clearly set forth; and in the...
EVEN SO WE,.... Jews, for of such the apostle is only speaking, and to whom he applies the above case of heirs in minority; it was to the Jews he had spoken of the law, as being a military guard, a pr...
Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world: Ver. 3. _When we were children_] Gr. νηπιοι, infants, babies, that must be pleased with rattles; so the old Church...
The apostle, having established the consolatory doctrine that believers, in every age and country of the world, are heirs of the promises made to Abraham and to his seed, goes on in this chapter to an...
WE; the covenant people of God before the advent of Christ, into whom, after his coming, the Gentiles also are incorporated by faith. WHEN WE WERE CHILDREN; under the Old Testament dispensation, when...
EVEN SO WE, WHEN WE WERE CHILDREN, WERE IN BONDAGE UNDER THE ELEMENTS OF THE WORLD;...
THE SONSHIP OF THE BELIEVERS OPPOSED TO THE BONDAGE OF THE LAW. The believers sons and heirs through Christ:...
HOW CHILDREN ARE ADOPTED AS SONS (vs.1-7) The first few verses of chapter 4 give us the distinctive Christian position in more detail. This position is the result of promise accomplished, as contrast...
NOW I SAY _THAT_ THE HEIR, AS LONG AS HE IS A CHILD, DOES NOT DIFFER AT ALL FROM A SLAVE, THOUGH HE IS MASTER OF ALL, We do not enter God's family by adoption. We enter by being born again. Adoption...
ELEMENTS: Or, rudiments...
1-7 The apostle deals plainly with those who urged the law of Moses together with the gospel of Christ, and endeavoured to bring believers under its bondage. They could not fully understand the meani...
Such children were all believers, the seed of Abraham; from the first designed to a gospel liberty, but that was not to be fully enjoyed, until the fulness of time should come when God intended to sen...
So we also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the rudiments of the world...
Galatians 4:3 Even G2532 so G3779 we G2249 when G3753 were G2258 (G5713) children G3516 were G2258 ...
IF WE ARE HIS WE ARE NOW ALL FULL SONS OF GOD (GALATIANS 4:1). Now he comes to the very heart of the matter, and that is that in Jesus Christ, all who are His now become full grown, adult, children o...
‘So we also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the rudiments (elements) of the world.' All men are under some restraint, whether through the Law, or tradition, or their own laws, or re...
Galatians 4:3. SO WE ALSO, WHEN WE WERE MINORS, the Jewish Christians before their conversion, comp. Galatians 3:23. In a wider sense the words are applicable to the heathen Christians also, whose for...
_The State of Adoption contrasted with the State of Slavery under the Law_. The Apostle proceeds to give a fuller exposition of the divine sonship and heirship, ch. Galatians 3:29, and shows that the...
WHEN WE WERE CHILDREN (οτε ημεν νηπιο). Before the epoch of faith came and we (Jews and Gentiles) were under the law as paedagogue, guardian, steward, to use all of Paul's metaphors.WE WERE HELD IN...
WORLD Greek, "kosmos", means "mankind". (_ See Scofield) - (Matthew 4:8). _...
Galatians 4:3 I. Mankind has been in the position of a child, and successive generations have been slowly trained by God's fatherly care, as a preparation for that liberty wherewith Christ has made u...
Galatians 4:1. Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; but is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father....
CONTENTS: Believers full redemption from the law. Sonship through the Spirit. Dangers of lapsing into legality. Impossibility of mixing law and grace. CHARACTERS: God, Christ, Holy Spirit, Paul, Abra...
Galatians 4:1. _The heir, as long as he is a child,_ and a minor, _differeth_ _nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all._ He is under guardians, till the year appointed by the will of his fath...
WE TOO WERE SLAVES. "Before the First Coming of Christ, the ruling spirits of the universe formed a valuable discipline for the education of the world, although they held us as slaves." Compare Galati...
_Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world._ THE ELEMENTS OF THIS WORLD The law was so called. I. In respect of the fuller and complete doctrine of the new...
GALATIANS—NOTE ON GALATIANS 4:3 ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES. Both here and in v. Galatians 4:9, these principles for Jews would be the Mosaic law. For Gentiles it would be the ba
GALATIANS—NOTE ON GALATIANS 4:1 When a son is too young to receive his inheritance, he has no more status than a SLAVE. (On Roman slaves, or bondservants, see note on 1 Cor. 7:21.) This was the situat...
CHAPTER 4 SYNOPSIS OF THE CHAPTER i. He continues the argument of the preceding chapter that the Jews, like children and slaves, were under the Jewish law as a pædagague, while Christians, as sons o...
_CRITICAL AND EXPLANATORY NOTES_ Galatians 4:1. THE HEIR, AS LONG AS HE IS A CHILD.—An infant, one under age. DIFFERETH NOTHING FROM A SERVANT.—A slave. He is not at his own disposal. He could not pe...
EXPOSITION GALATIANS 4:1 NOW I SAY (λέγω δέ). A form of expression usual with the apostle when introducing a new statement designed either to explain or elucidate something before said (of. Galati...
Now I say, That an heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father (Galatians 4:1-2...
Acts 15:10; Colossians 2:20; Colossians 2:8; Galatians 3:19; G
We. Not Jewish Christians only, but all Christians. For in verse 5, Jewish Christians are distinctly characterized as those under the law, while the following we, subjects of Christian adoption, point...
TURNING UNTO LAW-WORKS Galatians 4:1 INTRODUCTORY WORDS 1. It is passing strange that, after we have come to know salvation by grace, we could turn back to the beggarly elements of salvation by law...
THE CROSS AND ITS OBJECTIVES Galatians 3:10; Galatians 4:1 INTRODUCTORY WORDS The Cross must ever stand forth in the limelight of Bible and spiritual study. Apart from Christ's Calvary work we have...
So we — The church of God. When we were children — In our minority, under the legal dispensation. Were in bondage — In a kind of servile state. Under the elements of the world — Under the typical obse...