καὶ οἱ χαίροντες ὡς μὴ χαίροντες. ‘Look round this beautiful world of God’s: ocean dimpled into myriad smiles; the sky a trembling, quivering mass of blue, thrilling hearts with ecstasy; every tint, every form, replete with beauty. God says, “be glad.” Do not force young, happy hearts to an unnatural solemnity, as if to be happy were a crime. Let us hear their loud, merry, ringing laugh, even if sterner hearts can be glad no longer; to see innocent mirth and joy does the heart good. But now observe, everlasting considerations are to come in, not to sadden joy, but to calm it.… We are to be calm, cheerful, self-possessed; to sit loose to all these sources of enjoyment, masters of ourselves.’ Robertson.

κατέχοντες. This word is used in two different senses in the N. T. Here, and in 2 Corinthians 6:10, the intensitive sense of κατά in composition is required (see note on next verse). In 2 Thessalonians 2:6-7, the sense of holding back must be given. In Romans 1:18, it is doubtful which sense is to be preferred. μή throughout the whole of this passage denotes that the proposition is hypothetical.

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Old Testament