2 Timothy 3:1-9
THE CORRUPTIONS OF THE FUTURE... [ Continue Reading ]
THE CORRUPTIONS OF THE FUTURE... [ Continue Reading ]
ΓΊΝΩΣΚΕ. Lachmann reads γινώσκετε with AG g, but nearly all other authorities support the singular γίνωσκε; γινώσκετε, indeed, does not yield any tolerable sense. 1. In this melancholy forecast the Apostle is describing a recrudescence of heathenism, with its attendant wickedness, which he assures T... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΣΟΝΤΑΙ ΓᾺΡ ΟἹ ἍΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ Κ.Τ.Λ., _for men will be_ &c., sc. (as the presence of the article shews) the generality of men, the members generally of the Christian communities. The adjectives which follow are not arrayed in any exact logical sequence; but, nevertheless, as in the somewhat similar catalo... [ Continue Reading ]
ἌΣΤΟΡΓΟΙ, _without natural affection_; the adjective only occurs here and in the parallel catalogue Romans 1:31. ἌΣΠΟΝΔΟΙ, _implacable_. The word does not occur again in the Greek Bible (it is an interpolation in Romans 1:31), but is frequent in good authors. ΔΙΆΒΟΛΟΙ, _slanderers_, or false accus... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΡΟΔΌΤΑΙ, _traitors_, sc. treacherous in their dealings with their fellows. Cp. Luke 6:16, where the word is used of Judas, and Acts 7:52. It is not necessary to suppose any reference to the betrayal of fellow Christians in times of persecution. ΠΡΟΠΕΤΕΙ͂Σ, _headstrong_; cp. Acts 19:36. ΤΕΤΥΦΩΜΈΝΟ... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΧΟΝΤΕΣ ΜΌΡΦΩΣΙΝ ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΕΊΑΣ, _having the form of godliness_. See on 1 Timothy 2:2. ΜΌΡΦΩΣΙΣ is an affectation of, or aiming at, the μορφή of godliness, but not the μορφή itself (cp. Romans 2:20). μορφή is that which manifests the essence or inward nature of anything (see Philippians 2:6) as opposed... [ Continue Reading ]
ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΊΖΟΝΤΕΣ. So the best authorities, אACD2*GP &c.; the rec. text reads αἰχμαλωτεύοντες with D2cEKL and adds the article τά with a few cursives; the form αἰχμαλωτίζειν is Alexandrian or Macedonian and is condemned by the Atticists, as Ellicott points out, which may account for the variant as a s... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΆΝΤΟΤΕ ΜΑΝΘΆΝΟΝΤΑ, _ever learning_; they are full of morbid curiosity. ΜΗΔΈΠΟΤΕ. The tendency of the later language (see Blass, _Grammar of N.T. Greek_, § 75. 5) is to employ μή rather than οὐ, and especially with the participle. Hence we cannot lay any stress on the conditional negative μηδέποτε... [ Continue Reading ]
ἸΑΜΒΡΗ͂Σ. This is the best supported orthography; but there is a Western reading Μαμβρῆς (Gc d m); Origen refers to a book entitled _Iamnes et Mambres liber_; see exegetical note. 8. ὊΝ ΤΡΌΠΟΝ ΔῈ ἸΑΝΝΗ͂Σ ΚΑῚ ἸΑΜΒΡΗ͂Σ�. _For like as Jannes and Jambres with stood Moses_. Whether St Paul derived these... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΛΛʼ ΟΥ̓ ΠΡΟΚΌΨΟΥΣΙΝ ἘΠῚ ΠΛΕΙ͂ΟΝ. _Notwithstanding they shall not make further progress_, because the hollowness of their pretensions is speedily disclosed. See 2 Timothy 2:16 above. Ἡ ΓᾺΡ ἌΝΟΙΑ ΑΥ̓ΤΩ͂Ν Κ.Τ.Λ., _for their senseless folly_, &c. ἄνοια only occurs in N.T. here and at Luke 6:11. ἜΚΔΗΛ... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΑΡΗΚΟΛΟΎΘΗΣΑΣ. So אACG; the rec. text with D2EKLP and nearly all cursives has the perfect παρηκολούθηκας. See exegetical note. 10. ΣῪ ΔῈ. _But thou_; sc. in contrast with the vagaries of the ἑτεροδιδάσκαλοι. ΠΑΡΗΚΟΛΟΎΘΗΣΑΣ, _didst follow_. The perfect παρηκολούθηκας which is read by some authorit... [ Continue Reading ]
TIMOTHY IS COMMENDED FOR HIS LOYALTY AND ENCOURAGED TO ENDURE... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΟΙ͂Σ ΔΙΩΓΜΟΙ͂Σ, ΤΟΙ͂Σ ΠΑΘΉΜΑΣΙΝ, _persecutions, sufferings_, which the mention of ὑπομονή has suggested. He dwells on them parenthetically in this and the next verse. ΟἾΆ ΜΟΙ ἘΓΈΝΕΤΟ, _such as befell me_; he only gives illustrations, as it were, of what a Christian apostle has to expect. ἘΝ ἈΝΤΙΟΧ... [ Continue Reading ]
ΖΗ͂Ν ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΩ͂Σ. This is the order of אAP, the Bohairic and the Harclean; the rec. text has εὐσεβῶς ζῆν with CD2EGKL, the Peshito, the Latin versions &c., perhaps from confusion with Titus 2:12. 12. ΚΑῚ ΠΆΝΤΕΣ ΔΈ, _and, moreover, all_. For καὶ … δέ cp. Romans 11:23; 1 Timothy 3:10. ΟἹ ΘΈΛΟΝΤΕΣ, _wh... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΟΝΗΡΟῚ ΔῈ ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ, _but_ (sc. in contrast with those οἱ θέλοντες ζῆν εὐσεβῶς) _evil men_. Cp. 2 Thessalonians 3:2. ΚΑῚ ΓΌΗΤΕΣ, _and impostors_, lit. _wizards_. The word does not occur again in the Greek Bible, but we have γοητεία in 2Ma 12:24 in the sense of ‘crafty guile.’ Its use here is no dou... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΊΝΩΝ. So אAC*GP d e g = ‘from what teachers,’ i.e. Lois and Eunice; the rec. text has τίνος = ‘from whom,’ i.e. St Paul himself, with CcD2EKL f and the remaining versions. The following clause shews, independently of MS. evidence, that τίνων is the true reading. 14. ΣῪ ΔῈ ΜἙΝΕ Κ.Τ.Λ., _but_, in co... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤᾺ ἹΕΡΆ. The rec. text has the article, following AC*D2cEKLP; it is omitted by Tischendorf and WH as by אCbD2*G17. It may have come in from the τά a few words further on. Lachmann and Tregelles put it in brackets. 15. ΚΑῚ ὌΤΙ, _and that_, not ‘because’; ὄτι depends upon εἰδώς. ἈΠῸ ΒΡΈΦΟΥΣ, _from a... [ Continue Reading ]
THE USES OF HOLY SCRIPTURE... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚΑΊ. This is omitted by the Bohairic, the Peshito, and some MSS. of the Latin Vulgate; but the authority for its insertion is overwhelming. ἘΛΕΓΜΌΝ. So אACG; ἔλεγχον, the reading of the rec. text, is found in the later uncials and in most other authorities. ἐλεγμός and ἔλεγχος are confused in like... [ Continue Reading ]
ἽΝΑ ἌΡΤΙΟΣ ἮΙ Ὁ ΤΟΥ͂ ΘΕΟΥ͂ ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, _that the man of God may be complete_. The phrase ‘man of God’ is used quite generally, as in Philo (_de mut. nom._ 3), of any devout person, and has no reference to Timothy’s official position; see further on 1 Timothy 6:11. ἄρτιος is a common Greek word, but do... [ Continue Reading ]