κατὰ ἄγνοιαν, through ignorance. Ignorance has many degrees and may arise from many causes. The Jewish multitude were ignorant from want of teaching, their rulers from mental perverseness in looking only on one part of the prophecies concerning the Messiah. Yet of both of these it may be said that through ignorance (i.e. want of knowledge, however caused) they crucified Jesus. Compare the words of Chrysostom, ἀλλ' δμως δίδωσιν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν�· μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ�, καὶ λέγει· ὅτι μὲν οὖν�, ᾔδειτε· ὅτι δὲ τὸν�, ἵσως ἠγνοεῖτε. καὶ ἐντεῦθεν οὐκ αὐτοὺς μόνους�, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς τῶν κακῶν�.

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Old Testament