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Cambridge Greek Testament Commentary

John 18:12-27

THE JEWISH OR ECCLESIASTICAL TRIALS

12–27. Much space is given in all four Gospels to the Jewish and Roman trials, space apparently disproportionate to the brief account of the Crucifixion. But the two trials illustrate the two great elements of Christ’s Messiahship. By the Sanhedrin He was condemned as claiming to be the Son of God, by Pilate as claiming to be the King of the Jews. The Crucifixion would be unintelligible if we did not clearly understand Who was crucified, and why.

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See also John 18:12-27 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse John 18:12. _THE CAPTAIN_] χιλιαρχος, The _chiliarch_, or _chief_ _over one thousand men_-answering nearly to a _colonel_ with us. Luke 22:4, Luke 22:4. He was probably the prefect or capta...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    See Matthew 26:50....

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    III. “I LAY DOWN MY LIFE, THAT I MIGHT TAKE IT AGAIN.” Chapter s 18-21 CHAPTER 18 _ 1. The Arrest in the Garden. (John 18:1 .)_ 2. Before Annas and Caiaphas; Peter's Denial. (John 18:12 .) 3. Befo...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. PETER'S DENIAL. Jesus is brought to Annas, the father-in-law of the actual High Priest of that year (John 11:51). This preliminary stage, known only to our author, is not...

  • B. W. Johnson's Bible Commentary

    THEN THE BAND, AND THE CAPTAIN AND OFFICERS OF THE JEWS, TOOK JESUS AND BOUND HIM. The disciples "all forsook him and fled" (Mark 14:50), probably at this moment, and the soldiers of the Roman band, a...

  • Barclay Daily Study Bible (NT)

    THE ARREST IN THE GARDEN (John 18:1-11)...

  • Barclay Daily Study Bible (NT)

    ,19-24 The company of soldiers and their commander and the officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him, and led him first of all to Annas. He was the father-in-law of Caiaphas who was High Priest i...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    CAPTAIN. Greek. _chiliarchos =_ commander of. thousand. One of the six tribunes attached to. legion. His presence shows the importance attached by the Romans to the arrest, the Jews having represented...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    The Jewish or Ecclesiastical Trial 12. _Then the band, and the captain_ THEREFORE (John 18:3) _the band_&c., because of this violent attempt at resistance. The captain or _chiliarch_is the tribune or...

  • Catena Aurea Commentary

    VER 12. THEN THE BAND AND THE CAPTAIN AND OFFICERS OF THE JEWS TOOK JESUS, AND BOUND HIM, 13. AND LED HIM AWAY TO ANNAS FIRST; FOR HE WAS FATHER IN LAW TO CAIAPHAS, WHICH WAS THE HIGH PRIEST THAT SAME...

  • Charles Box Commentaries

    _JESUS IS BROUGHT TO ANNAS -- JOHN 18:12-18:_ In the peaceful garden Jesus was arrested and bound. Jesus faced several illegal, mock trials. He was first brought to Annas. Later Jesus was sent to Caia...

  • Charles Rose Commentaries

    ΣΥΝΈΛΑΒΟΝ _aor. ind. act. от_ ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΆΝΩ (G4815) хватать, брать под стражу, ΈΔΗΣΑΝ _aor. ind. act. от_ ΔΈΩ (G1210) связывать....

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    THEN THE BAND, &C. _TOOK JESUS_— See on John 18:3. There was a Roman guard and commanding officer, who attended near the temple during the great festivals, to prevent any sedition of the Jews; and the...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    TRIAL BY THE JEWISH AUTHORITIES _Text:_ .John 18:12-27 12 So the band and the chief captain, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound him, 13 and led him to Annas first; for he was fa...

  • Combined Bible Commentary

    EXPOSITION OF THE GOSPEL OF JOHN John 18:12-27 Below is an Analysis of the second section of John 18: — The structure of our present passage is quite complex. From Christ being led away to Annas, th...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him, THEN THE BAND AND THE CAPTAIN AND ('THE') OFFICERS OF THE JEWS TOOK JESUS, AND BOUND HIM - but not until He had ma...

  • Concordant Commentary on the New Testament by A. E. Knoch

    Darkness is the day, for evildoers. The Lord worked in the day. Satan fears the light. Even in the night they need a squad of soldiers and armed deputies to take a gentle, unarmed Man and His timid di...

  • Darby's translation notes (1890)

    18:12 chiliarch, (a-6) Strictly, 'the commander of a thousand men' (a military tribune)....

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE BAND] i.e. the Roman cohort. THE CAPTAIN] i.e. the military tribune (Gk. _chiliarch_), was the officer in chief command of the Roman garrison: see Acts 21:31. His presence in person marks the impo...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    CHRIST BEFORE ANNAS, CAIAPHAS, AND PILATE 1-14. Christ's arrest and trial before Annas (cp. Matthew 26:30 = Mark 14:26 = Luke 22:39). The narrative is now parallel with the synoptic account, with whic...

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    JOHN TELLS THE GOOD NEWS ABOUT JESUS GOSPEL OF JOHN _MARION ADAMS_ CHAPTER 18 JUDAS *BETRAYS JESUS 18:1-11 V1 After Jesus had said this prayer, he left with his *disciples. They crossed the vall...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    THEN THE BAND AND THE CAPTAIN AND OFFICERS OF THE JEWS. — A stop should be placed after “captain.” The “band and the captain” were the Roman cohort (comp. Note on John 18:3) and their tribune (_Chilia...

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    XVII. _ THE ARREST._ "When Jesus had spoken these words, He went forth with His disciples over the brook Kidron, where was a garden, into the which He entered, Himself and His disciples. Now Judas als...

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    XVIII. _ PETER'S DENIAL AND REPENTANCE._ "So the band and the chief captain, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound Him, and led Him to Annas first; for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas,...

  • Expositor's Greek Testament (Nicoll)

    _The arrest of Jesus_....

  • Expositor's Greek Testament (Nicoll)

    Ἡ οὖν σπεῖρα … αὐτόν. The Roman soldiers, ἡ σπεῖρα, under the orders of their Chiliarch (Tribune, Colonel), abetted the officers of the Sanhedrim, ὑπηρέται τῶν Ἰουδαίων, in the apprehension of Jesus....

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    FEAR UNDERMINES LOYALTY John 18:12-18 Apparently a preliminary and private examination was held while the Sanhedrin was being hastily summoned. The other disciple was evidently John. It was a mistake...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    From the sacred hours of teaching and prayer our Lord passed to the final acts in His mighty work. This brought Him to Gethsemane, where we have a revelation of His majesty and His meekness. He suffer...

  • Godbey's Commentary on the New Testament

    THE ARREST Matthew 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-52; Luke 22:47-53; John 18:2-12. “ _And Judas_, the one betraying Him

  • Godet's commentary on Luke, John, Romans, 1 Corinthians

    I. THE TRIAL BEFORE THE SANHEDRIM: 18:12-27. The following section contains the account of an appearance of Jesus in the house of Annas, the ex-high-priest, an account with which that of the denial of...

  • Godet's commentary on Luke, John, Romans, 1 Corinthians

    “ _The cohort and the tribune and the officers of the Jews seized Jesus, therefore, and bound him_, 13, _and they led him first to Annas; for he was father-in-law of Caiaphas, who was high-priest of t...

  • Godet's commentary on Luke, John, Romans, 1 Corinthians

    FOURTH PART: THE PASSION. 18:1-19:42. The intention of the evangelist, in the following narrative, is certainly not to give a narration as complete as possible of the Passion, as if no narrative of th...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    Jesus, therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye? (5) They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also,...

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    In John 15:1-27 our Lord substitutes Himself for Israel, as the plant of God, responsible to bear fruit for Him on earth (not merely for man, as such, openly sinful and lost). He takes the place of th...

  • John Calvin's Bible Commentary

    12._Then the band of soldiers and the captain. _It might be thought strange that Christ, who laid the soldiers prostrate on the ground by a single word, now allows himself to be _taken; _for if he int...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    The history of our Lord's last moments begins after the words that He addressed to His Father. We shall find even in this part of it, the general character of that which is related in this Gospel (acc...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    Ver. 12 THEN THE BAND, AND THE CAPTAIN, AND THE OFFICERS OF THE JEWS,.... Which Judas received, and which came along with him, John 18:3. When Jesus had rebuked Peter, and healed the servant's ear, an...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him, Ver. 12. _Took Jesus and bound him_] This was done του λογου ησυχαζοντος, as Irenaeus hath it, while the Deity rested...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _Then the band_, &c. To whom Jesus, without any opposition, surrendered himself; _took and bound him_ Foolishly supposing, that he might attempt to make his escape. _And led him away to Annas_ Annas h...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    THEN THE BAND AND THE CAPTAIN AND OFFICERS OF THE JEWS TOOK JESUS, AND BOUND HIM,...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    The arrest:...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    BETRAYED AND ARRESTED (vs.1-12) The Son of God goes calmly, steadily on to the great conquest of Calvary, each step of the way perfectly measured by divine wisdom. The fact of His going into the gard...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    1-12 Sin began in the garden of Eden, there the curse was pronounced, there the Redeemer was promised; and in a garden that promised Seed entered into conflict with the old serpent. Christ was buried...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    As is usual for officers to do with ordinary malefactors which are great criminals; they put no difference between Christ and the most villanous thieves and murderers. There are many conjectures why C...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    John 18:12 Then G3767 detachment G4686 and G2532 captain G5506 and G2532 officers G5257 Jews G2453 arrested G4815 ...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    ‘So the cohort and the Chiliarch and the officers of the Judaisers seized Jesus and bound him.' The Roman soldiers now immediately stepped in. They had watched the chaos among the Temple police at Je...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    THE ARREST (JOHN 18:1). Leaving the Upper Room Jesus led His disciples to the Garden of Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives. The fact that Judas knew where to find Him suggests either that this was pre-...

  • Philip Schaff's Popular Commentary on the NT (4 vols)

    We have in this passage the appearance of Jesus before Annas and Caiaphas, together with the three denials of the Apostle peter. The difficulties of the passage, both in itself and in its relation to...

  • Philip Schaff's Popular Commentary on the NT (4 vols)

    John 18:12. THE BAND OF SOLDIERS THEREFORE, AND THE CAPTAIN, AND THE OFFICERS OF THE JEWS, TOOK JESUS AND BOUND HIM. The words addressed by Jesus to Peter lend boldness to His cowardly foes. They see...

  • Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament

    THE CHIEF CAPTAIN (ο χιλιαρχος). They actually had the Roman commander of the cohort along (cf. Acts 21:31), not mentioned before.SEIZED (συνελαβον). Second aorist active of συλλαμβανω, old verb t...

  • Spurgeon's Bible Commentary

    John 18:12. _Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus and bound him, and led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same...

  • Spurgeon's Bible Commentary

    The passages, which we are about to read from three of the Evangelists, make up a continuous narrative of our Lord's trial before the high priest. First, John gives us an account of our Saviour's appe...

  • Spurgeon's Bible Commentary

    John 18:1. _When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron, where was a garden, into the which he entered, and his disciples._ From our Lord's example, we s...

  • Spurgeon's Bible Commentary

    John 18:1. _When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron,_ A dark, foul brook, through which flowed the blood and refuse from the temple. King David cross...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Jesus' betrayal and arrest. Peter's denial. Jesus condemned and Barabbas released. CHARACTERS: Jesus, Judas, priests, officers, Pharisees, Peter, Malchus, Annas, Caiaphas, Pilate, Barabbas,...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    John 18:1. _He went over the brook Cedron._ Cedron, or Kidron, was the name of the deep valley, as well as of the brook which ran through it, on the east between Jerusalem and the mount of Olives. It...

  • The Bible Study New Testament

    1-16. THEN PILATE TOOK JESUS. For notes on these verses, see Matthew 27:19-31. John gives a few more details. 5. LOOK! HERE IS THE MAN. Jesus had been lacerated in the whipping, and wore the crown of...

  • The Bible Study New Testament

    JUDAS, THE TRAITOR, KNEW WHERE IT WAS. For notes on the Arrest, see Matthew 26:47-58. 6. THEY MOVED BACK AND FELL TO THE GROUND. Only John tells us this. This might fulfill Psalms 27:2. It shows us th...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    JOHN—NOTE ON JOHN 18:1 These chapters tell of Jesus’ betrayal by Judas (John 18:1), his informal hearing before Annas (John 18:12)

  • The Gospels Compared

    CAIAPHAS QUESTIONS JESUS MATTHEW 26:57-68; MARK 14:53-65; LUKE 22:54 Luke 22:67-71;...

  • The Great Commentary of Cornelius à Lapide

    CHAPTER 18 I have commented on the Passion (Matthew 27 and 28.), I shall therefore only briefly touch on those points which are related by S. John only. Ver. 1. _When Jesus had spoken these words, He...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    _EXPLANATORY AND CRITICAL NOTES_ John 18:1. WENT FORTH.—From the part of the suburbs where the discourse from John 14:31 had been spoken, and the intercessory prayer offered. THE BROOK CEDRON (τοῦ Κεδ...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION B. THE HOUR HAS COME. JOHN 18:1 John 19:42.—1. _The outer glorification of Christ in his Passion_....

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    Shall we turn to John's gospel, chapter 18. Jesus has finished His prayer, which we mentioned last week should properly be entitled the Lord's Prayer. And now, from wherever this prayer was offered, m...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    Acts 21:31; Acts 21:37; Acts 22:24; Acts 23:10; Acts 23:17;...

  • Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament (4 Volume Set)

    The captain [χ ι λ ι α ρ χ ο ς]. See on Mark 6:21, and on centurion, Luke 7:2. Took [σ υ ν ε λ α β ο ν]. Rev., better, seized. It is the technical word for arresting. Literally, took with them, of whi...

  • William Burkitt's Expository Notes

    Judas having made good his promise to the chief priests, and delivered Jesus. prisoner bound into their hands, those evening wolves no sooner seize the Lamb of God, but they thirst and long to suck hi...

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Old Testament