Cambridge Greek Testament Commentary

Luke 23:39

εἶς δὲ τῶν … κακούργων. In St Matthew and St Mark we are told that both the robbers “reviled” Him. Here then we might suppose that there was an irreconcilable discrepancy. But though the Evangelists sometimes seem to be on the very verge of mutual contradiction, no instance of a contradiction can be adduced from their independent pages. The reason of this is partly that they wrote the simple truth, and partly that they wrote under divine guidance. The explanation of the apparent contradiction lies in the Greek words used. The two first Synoptists tell us that both the robbers during an early part of the hours of crucifixion reproached Jesus (ὠνείδιζον), but we learn from St Luke that only one of them used injurious and insulting language to Him (ἐβλασφήμει). If they were followers of Barabbas or Judas of Galilee they would recognise no Messiahship but that of the sword, and they might, in their despair and agony, join in the reproaches levelled by all classes alike at One who might seem to them to have thrown away a great opportunity. It was quite common for men on the cross to talk to the multitude, and even to make harangues (for instances see my Life of Christ, II. 409, n.); but Jesus, amid this universal roar of execration from mob, priests, soldiers, and even these wretched fellow-sufferers, hung on the Cross in meek and awful silence.

οὐχὶ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός; ‘Art thou not the Christ?’ אBCL.

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Cambridge Greek Testament Commentary

Luke 23:39

Old Testament

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