Mark 6:1-6
1–6. CHRIST IS DESPISED AT NAZARETH Matthew 13:54-58. Cf. Luke 4:16-30... [ Continue Reading ]
1–6. CHRIST IS DESPISED AT NAZARETH Matthew 13:54-58. Cf. Luke 4:16-30... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΡΧΕΤΑΙ ([1093][1094][1095][1096][1097]) rather than ἦλθεν ([1098][1099][1100]). [1093] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. [1094] C... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΟΘΕΙ͂ΣΑ ΤΟΎΤΩΙ ([1101][1102][1103][1104][1105]) rather than δοθ. αὐτῷ ([1106][1107][1108]). After these words omit ὄτι, which has little authority. ΓΙΝΌΜΕΝΑΙ ([1109][1110][1111][1112] 33) rather than γίνονται ([1113][1114]2[1115] etc.). [1101] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf... [ Continue Reading ]
Ὁ ΤΈΚΤΩΝ Ὁ ΥἹΌΣ ([1116][1117][1118][1119][1120][1121][1122][1123]) rather than ὁ τοῦ τέκτονος υἱός (33, Lat-Vet. Aeth.). ΚΑῚ� ([1124][1125][1126][1127][1128][1129]) rather than ἀδελφὸς δέ (see on Mark 1:14). [1116] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚΑῚ ἜΛΕΓΕΝ ([1130][1131][1132][1133][1134][1135]) rather than ἔλεγεν δέ. [1130] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. [1131] Codex Vat... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟΥ̓Κ ἘΔΎΝΑΤΟ … ΔΎΝΑΜΙΝ. The verbal play is perhaps intentional; “He had no power to do any work of power” (McLaren). Mt. does not like οὐκ ἐδύνατο of Christ and says οὐκ ἐποίησεν. Origen points out that Mk does not say οὐκ ἤθελεν: the defect was on their side not His. Faith was necessary on both sid... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΘΑΎΜΑΣΕΝ. This also is omitted by Mt., although he admits surprise in Christ at the great faith of the centurion (Mark 8:10). John 4:13; John 9:19 we have expressions which imply surprise. Surprise is also implied in His treatment of the braggart fig-tree, on which He expected to find fruit because... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΟῪΣ ΔΏΔΕΚΑ. The number is regarded as final, but we cannot be sure that they were already known as “the Twelve.” The expression is especially freq. in Mk (Mark 4:10; Mark 9:35; Mark 10:32; Mark 11:11; Mark 14:10; Mark 14:17; Mark 14:20; Mark 14:43). ἬΡΞΑΤΟ ΑΥ̓ΤΟῪΣ�. They were appointed (1) to be wi... [ Continue Reading ]
7–13. THE MISSION OF THE TWELVE Matthew 10:1; Matthew 10:5-15; Luke 9:1-6... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΑΡΉΓΓΕΙΛΕΝ. This charge seems to have been given once for all (aor.), before any were sent out. For ἵνα see on Mark 3:9. ΕἸΣ ὉΔΌΝ. _For a journey_, for travel; cf. Mark 10:17; also ἐξ ὁδοῦ (Luke 11:6). ΕἸ ΜῊ ῬΆΒΔΟΝ. Mt. and Lk. say, on the contrary, that they were forbidden to take a staff; and Mt... [ Continue Reading ]
9. It is difficult to decide between ἐνδύσασθε ([1136][1137] ἐνδύσασθαι ([1138]2[1139][1140]), and ἐνδύσησθε ([1141][1142][1143][1144][1145]). Perhaps the first would most easily have produced the other readings. [1136] Codex Vaticanus. 4th cent., but perhaps a little later than א. In the Vatican L... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΛΕΓΕΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ͂Σ. Mt. omits this imperf., which may be conversational, or may mean that this direction was repeated. Mk perhaps regards this as the earliest Christian missionary experiment, and hence records these directions as being of importance. ὍΠΟΥ ἘΆΝ. All three Evangelists record that the hous... [ Continue Reading ]
ὋΣ ἊΝ ΤΌΠΟΣ ΜῊ ΔΈΞΗΤΑΙ ([1146][1147][1148][1149]) rather than ὅσοι ἐὰν μὴ δέξωνται ([1150][1151]2[1152][1153]). [1154][1155][1156][1157][1158][1159] omit ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν κ.τ.λ. (from Matthew 10:15). [1146] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΚΉΡΥΞΑΝ ([1160][1161][1162][1163][1164][1165]) rather than ἐκήρυσσον ([1166][1167][1168]), assimilation to ἐξέβαλλον. ΜΕΤΑΝΟΩ͂ΣΙΝ ([1169][1170][1171] rather than μετανοήσωσιν ([1172][1173][1174][1175][1176]). [1160] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΛΑΊΩΙ. Oil was believed to have healing properties (Luke 10:34; James 5:14), and this would aid faith on both sides. See on John 9:6 and Knowling on James 5:14. This anointing for healing purposes is very different from that which is administered when healing is believed to be impossible and death... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΛΕΓΟΝ ([1177] a b ff, Aug.) seems preferable to ἔλεγεν ([1178][1179][1180][1181][1182][1183]); ελεγοσαν ([1184] supports the plur. The context confirms [1185] we have three popular views, then Herod’s agreement with the first. Cf. Luke 9:7-8. ἘΓΉΓΕΡΤΑΙ ([1186][1187][1188][1189][1190] 33) rather tha... [ Continue Reading ]
14–29. THE MURDER OF THE BAPTIZER Matthew 14:1-12; Luke 9:7-9; Luke 3:19-20... [ Continue Reading ]
ἌΛΛΟΙ ΔΈ. In both places we must read δέ after ἄλλοι ([1338][1339][1340][1341][1342][1343][1344]), and omit the rather senseless ἤ before ὡς ([1345][1346][1347][1348][1349][1350]). _But others_ had a different explanation of the miraculous powers; they _said that it is Elijah_ who has returned to ea... [ Continue Reading ]
16. The text is much confused; but that which is supported throughout by [1194][1195][1196][1197] and in details by other witnesses, is probably original; ὁ Ἡρῴδης ἔλεγεν Ὃν ἐγὼ�. οὗτος ἠγέρθη. [1194] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on... [ Continue Reading ]
ΑΥ̓ΤῸΣ ΓᾺΡ ἩΡΏΙΔΗΣ. This confirms the emphatic ἐγώ of Antipas; _For it was Herod himself who sent and laid hold on cf._ John 3:21. ἘΝ ΦΥΛΑΚΗ͂Ι. Josephus (_Ant._ XVIII. Mark 6:4) tells us that this was Machaerus, near the N.E. corner of the Dead Sea, a fortress, palace, and prison all in one, like t... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΛΕΓΕΝ ΓΆΡ. _For John had said_ (A.V.) or “had been saying” (see on Mark 5:8), is here more accurate than “for John said” (R.V.). In Mark 6:17, R.V. agrees with A.V. in “for he _had_ married her.” The English pluperf. is right in both cases. ΟΥ̓Κ ἜΞΕΣΤΙΝ. Leviticus 18:16 admitted of one exception—wh... [ Continue Reading ]
Ἡ ΔῈ ἩΡΩΙΔΙᾺΣ ἘΝΕΙ͂ΧΕΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΩ͂Ι. Antipas would have been content with imprisoning John, _but Herodias nursed enmity against him_. Neither “therefore” (A.V.) nor “and” (R.V.) gives the force of δέ, which marks a contrast between what Herod himself did (Mark 6:17) and what Herodias did. The only parall... [ Continue Reading ]
ἨΠΌΡΕΙ ([1198][1199][1200] Memph.) rather than ἐποίει ([1201][1202][1203][1204][1205], Latt. Syrr.). [1198] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsim... [ Continue Reading ]
ΓΕΝΟΜΈΝΗΣ ἩΜΈΡΑΣ ΕΥ̓ΚΑΊΡΟΥ. Mk has the deadly enmity of Herodias in mind. She was always on the watch, and at last found an opportune day. Cf. Hebrews 4:16. ΤΟΙ͂Σ ΓΕΝΕΣΊΟΙΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂. _On his birthday_. This meaning is firmly established, although in Attic Grk we should have τὰ γενέθλια or ἡ γενέθλιος... [ Continue Reading ]
ΑΥ̓ΤΗ͂Σ ΤΗ͂Σ ἩΡΩΙΔΙΆΔΟΣ ([1206][1207][1208][1209][1210] etc., Latt. Syrr. Memph. Arm. Goth. Aeth.) rather than αὐτοῦ Ἡρῳδιάδος ([1211][1212][1213][1214][1215]). External evidence for the latter reading is strong, but on other grounds it is intolerable. ἬΡΕΣΕΝ ([1216][1217][1218][1219][1220] 33) rath... [ Continue Reading ]
ἝΩΣ ἩΜΊΣΟΥΣ Τ. ΒΑΣ. Μ. Cf. Ahasuerus and Esther (Esther 5:2-3), a story which may have influenced this narrative. But, in his cups, Antipas would not stop to consider whether he _could_ give away his dominions. Cf. 1 Kings 13:8. The contracted gen. is late Greek.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΑἸΤΉΣΩΜΑΙ ([1227][1228][1229][1230][1231] etc. 33) rather than ΑἸΤΉΣΟΜΑΙ ([1232][1233][1234][1235] etc.). ΒΑΠΤΊΖΟΝΤΟΣ ([1236][1237][1238][1239]) rather than βαπτιστοῦ ([1240][1241][1242][1243][1244][1245]). [1227] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St... [ Continue Reading ]
ΜΕΤᾺ ΣΠΟΥΔΗ͂Σ. Almost superfluous after εὐθύς, but it emphasizes her intense eagerness. She is as keen as her mother for vengeance, and Antipas might change his mind. Superfluous additions are frequent in Mk. See on Mark 1:32. We have μετὰ σπουδῆς Luke 1:39; but neither ἐν σπουδῇ (in this sense), no... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΝΑΚΕΙΜΈΝΟΥΣ ([1246][1247][1248][1249][1250]) rather than συνανακειμένους ([1251][1252][1253]2[1254][1255][1256]). [1246] Codex Vaticanus. 4th cent., but perhaps a little later than א. In the Vatican Library almost since its foundation by Pope Nicolas V., and one of its greatest treasures. The whol... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΝΈΓΚΑΙ ([1257][1258][1259][1260]) rather than ἐνεχθῆναι ([1261][1262][1263][1264][1265][1266]). [1257] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile,... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΔΩΚΕΝ ΑΥ̓ΤῊΝ ΤΗ͂Ι ΜΗΤΡῚ ΑΥ̓ΤΗ͂Σ. We may compare Fulvia with the head of Cicero. Stories about the discovery of the Baptist’s head and its removal to Constantinople (Sozomen _H. E._ vii. 21) and its subsequent removal to Amiens, may be disregarded (_Dict. of Chr. Ant._ I. p. 883). The history of the... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟἹ ΜΑΘΗΤΑῚ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂. Antipas would try to lessen his remorse by allowing John’s disciples to come and remove the corpse. ΤῸ ΠΤΩ͂ΜΑ. Used also of the Body of Jesus (Mark 15:45), and it is possible that a parallel between the death and burial of the Forerunner and the death and burial of the Messiah is... [ Continue Reading ]
30–44. RETURN OF THE TWELVE. FEEDING OF FIVE THOUSAND Matthew 14:13-21; Luke 9:10-17; John 6:1-14.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟἹ�. Mk used the title Mark 3:14 by anticipation; here it is in place after their return from their first missionary journey, but Mk does not use it again. Οἱ� is freq. in Lk. and Acts; in all four Gospels οἱ δώδεκα is freq. It is probable that a date had been fixed for the return of the Apostles, a... [ Continue Reading ]
ΛΈΓΕΙ ([1267][1268][1269][1270][1271] 33) rather than εἶπεν ([1272][1273][1274][1275]). [1267] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. ... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΗ͂ΛΘΟΝ ἘΝ ΤΩ͂Ι ΠΛΟΊΩΙ. _They went away in their boat_ (art. as in Mark 4:36) to an uninhabited spot (Mk, Mt.), to a town called Bethsaida (Lk.). The difference is insignificant, and there need be no error. They may have left their boat near the town and have gone into the country. Lk. (Luke 9:12)... [ Continue Reading ]
33. οἱ ὅχλοι has very little authority. Mk writes ὁ ὄχλος elsewhere (Mark 2:4; Mark 2:13; Mark 3:9, etc.): but here no nom. is expressed. [1276][1277] Vulg. Memph. Arm. omit καὶ συνῆλθον πρὸς αὐτόν. WH. _Introd._ pp. 95 f. show that the reading of [1278][1279][1280] etc., followed by AV., is a confl... [ Continue Reading ]
34. [1284][1285][1286] Memph. Arm. omit ὁ Ἰησοῦς. Seen on Mark 5:13. [1284] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. [1285] Codex Vatican... [ Continue Reading ]
ἬΔΗ ὭΡΑΣ ΠΟΛΛΗ͂Σ ΓΕΝΟΜΈΝΗΣ. _When it was already a late hour_, but not yet ὀψία (Mark 6:47). The expression is found in Pol. Mark 6:8, “Philip arrived at a late hour (πολλῆς ὥρας) at Thermus”; and in Dion. Hal. _Ant._ ii. 54, “They fought till a late hour (ἄχρι πολλῆς ὥρας) contending vigorously, un... [ Continue Reading ]
36. After ἙΑΥΤΟΙ͂Σ read simply ΤΊ ΦΆΓΩΣΙΝ ([1287][1288][1289][1290]). [1287] Codex Vaticanus. 4th cent., but perhaps a little later than א. In the Vatican Library almost since its foundation by Pope Nicolas V., and one of its greatest treasures. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic f... [ Continue Reading ]
37. ΔΌΤΕ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ͂Σ ὙΜΕΙ͂Σ. The very emphatic ὑμεῖς is in all three; “They are not to be sent away; _you_ must feed them.” ἈΠΕΛΘΌΝΤΕΣ�; _Are we to go and buy_? Cf. Mark 4:30; Mark 6:24; Mark 12:14. Jn here differs considerably and is more precise than the Synoptists, whose narrative seems to be partl... [ Continue Reading ]
38. ΠΌΣΟΥΣ ἜΧΕΤΕ ἌΡΤΟΥΣ; ὙΠΆΓΕΤΕ, ἼΔΕΤΕ. The question and abrupt commands are a rebuke. “Never mind what is impossible; see what is possible. How _much_ food have we got?” In Jn the suggestion of buying comes from Christ. Mk alone records the question and commands. Mt. again omits what seems to impl... [ Continue Reading ]
39. ἈΝΑΚΛΙ͂ΝΑΙ ΠΆΝΤΑΣ. _That all should recline_. If the people had stood, they would have crowded round the distributors, and equal distribution would have been impossible. Arranging them in “messes” (τραπέζας διαφόρους, Theoph.) still further contributed to orderly and equal feeding. ΣΥΜΠΌΣΙΑ. Lit... [ Continue Reading ]
40. ΠΡΑΣΙΑΊ. Lit. “garden-beds” (Sir 24:31) or “plots.” The word indicates the shape of the “messes,” and perhaps implies that they were rectangular (Euthym.). See Wetstein for illustrations and cf. Exodus 8:14. ΚΑΤᾺ ἙΚΑΤῸΝ Κ. Κ. Π. All four give the total as 5000 males, which would easily be estim... [ Continue Reading ]
41. [1291][1292][1293][1294] omit αὐτοῦ after ΜΑΘΗΤΑΙ͂Σ. [1291] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. [1292] Codex Vaticanus. 4th cent... [ Continue Reading ]
42. ἘΧΟΡΤΆΣΘΗΣΑΝ. In all three; Jn has ἐνεπλήσθησαν. Originally used of supplying animals with fodder (χόρτος), χορτάζω implied brutish feeding when used of men (Plato _Rep._ ix. p. 586). In N.T. it is nowhere used of cattle (of birds, Revelation 19:21), and has no degrading meaning when used of men... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚΛΆΣΜΑΤΑ Δ. ΚΟΦΊΝΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΏΜΑΤΑ ([1295][1296][1297]) rather than κλασμάτων δ. κοφίνους πλήρεις ([1298][1299][1300][1301]) from Mt. [1295] Codex Vaticanus. 4th cent., but perhaps a little later than א. In the Vatican Library almost since its foundation by Pope Nicolas V., and one of its greatest treas... [ Continue Reading ]
44. ὡσεί has very little authority. 44. ἌΝΔΡΕΣ. In all four; _men_; ἄνθρωποι. would be “people,” including women and children, whom Mt. mentions separately. Mt., Lk., and Jn have ὡσεί or ὡς before πεντακισχίλιοι. The attempts to explain away the miracle as a myth, or a parable, or a gross exaggerat... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΟΛΎΕΙ ([1302][1303][1304][1305] rather than ἀπολύσῃ ([1306][1307][1308] etc.) from Mt. [1302] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911.... [ Continue Reading ]
45–52. THE WALKING ON THE WATER Matthew 14:22-33; John 6:16-21... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΟΤΑΞΆΜΕΝΟΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ͂Σ. _After He had taken leave of them_ (R.V.), parting from them in a friendly way (Luke 9:61; Acts 18:21). Mt. loses this point, and Beza gives just the wrong shade of meaning, _quum amandasset eos_, which implies dismissing with contempt. Vulg. points to a text with ἀπολύσας αὐτ... [ Continue Reading ]
ὈΨΊΑΣ ΓΕΝΟΜΈΝΗΣ. It was late in the day (Mark 6:35) when arrangements for the Feeding began, and now the brief twilight was ending in darkness. ἘΝ ΜΈΣΩΙ ΤΗ͂Σ ΘΑΛΆΣΣΗΣ. See on John 6:17.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἸΔῺΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΟῪΣ ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΟΜΈΝΟΥΣ. There is no need to suppose supernatural power of sight. The Paschal moon would give light enough. See on Mark 5:7. Syr-Sin. has “tormented with the fear of the waves.” ἘΝ ΤΩ͂Ι ἘΛΑΎΝΕΙΝ.See on Mark 4:4. It was too stormy for sailing, and for hours they had been rowing a... [ Continue Reading ]
ΦΆΝΤΑΣΜΑ. _An apparition_ (R.V.). A word is required which answers to the derivation (φαίνομαι) and which occurs only in this connexion in N.T. The Syriac points to a reading δαιμόνιον. In Luke 24:37, [1361] has φάντασμα for πνεῦμα. [1361] Codex Bezae. 6th cent. Has a Latin translation (d) side by... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΆΝΤΕΣ ΓᾺΡ ΕἾΔΑΝ. See on Mark 6:29. It was no subjective delusion; there was something objective which all of them perceived. The aorists indicate what was of short duration; He addressed them at once, and their trouble was at an end. Syr-Sin. has “_when_ they all saw Him, they cried out.” The diffe... [ Continue Reading ]
51. [1309][1310][1311][1312] omit ἐκ περισσοῦ (ἐκπερισσῶς, περισσῶς), and καὶ ἐθαύμαζον. [1309] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΛΛʼ ἮΝ ([1313][1314][1315][1316]) rather than ἦν γάρ ([1317][1318][1313] Codex Sinaiticus. 4th cent. Discovered by Tischendorf in 1859 at the Monastery of St Katharine on Mount Sinai. Now at St Petersburg. The whole Gospel, ending at Mark 16:8. Photographic facsimile, 1911. [1314] Codex Vaticanus.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΙΑΠΕΡΆΣΑΝΤΕΣ ἘΠῚ Τ. ΓΗ͂Ν. _When they had crossed over to the land_ (R.V. marg.); cf. διασωθῆναι ἐπὶ τ. γῆν (Acts 27:44). The δια- points to their getting through their perils and toils. Jn says that they did so εὐθέως, on their welcoming Christ into the boat. ΓΕΝΝΗΣΑΡΈΤ. Mt. says the same; elsewhe... [ Continue Reading ]
53–56. MINISTRY IN THE PLAIN OF GENNESARET Matthew 14:34-36... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕΥ̓ΘῪΣ ἘΠΙΓΝΌΝΤΕΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΌΝ. It was still early (Mark 6:48), but there were people who recognized Him and, as before, were eager to get their sick folk healed. Cf. Luke 24:31; Acts 3:10; Acts 27:39; Mt. is much less graphic.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΕΡΙΈΔΡΑΜΟΝ. Not elsewhere in N.T. The aorists indicate the rapidity with which all was done, while the news of His arrival kept spreading (ὅπου ἤκουον). ΠΕΡΙΦΈΡΕΙΝ. They were sometimes too late; and they then carried the sick from place to place, till they overtook Him. ἘΣΤΊΝ. The very word of th... [ Continue Reading ]
ὍΠΟΥ ἊΝ ΕἸΣΕΠΟΡΕΎΕΤΟ. Cf. the constr. in Mark 3:11; Acts 2:45; Acts 4:35. ἘΝ ΤΑΙ͂Σ�. _In the open places_. “In the streets” (A.V.) is from ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις ([1363] Vulg.), which looks like a correction, because no κῶμαι, and not all πόλεις, would have market-places. But ἀγορά has its original mean... [ Continue Reading ]