Matthew 28:1-8. THE RESURRECTION Mark 16:1-8; Luke 24:1-12; John 20:1-18 The discrepancies are slight, and may be accounted for by the agitation of the witnesses of this momentous scene. To the women named in this Gospel St Mark adds Salome; St Luke, Joanna and other women; St John names Mary Magda... [ Continue Reading ]
ὌΨΕ denotes a longer interval after sunset than ἑσπέρα. ΣΆΒΒΑΤΑ. Plural in both senses, ‘sabbath’ and ‘week.’ ΤΗ͂Ι ἘΠΙΦΩΣΚΟΎΣΗΙ. Cp. Luke 23:54, σάββατον ἐπέφωσκεν, the only other passage where the word occurs, the cognate form ἐπιφαύσκειν is classical, and occurs four times in the LXX. version of... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠῸ ΤΗ͂Σ ΘΎΡΑΣ after λίθον omitted אBD, some versions and Origen. The words are found in the later authorities, ACE and other uncials, some versions and Fathers. 2. ΣΕΙΣΜῸΣ ἘΓΈΝΕΤΟ ΜΈΓΑΣ. Peculiar to St Matthew. ἌΓΓΕΛΟΣ ΚΥΡΊΟΥ. ἄνδρες δύο ἐπέστησαν αὐταῖς ἐσθῆτι� (Luke 24:4). δύο� (John 20:12).... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἸΔΈΑ. Here only in N.T., not ‘countenance,’ but ‘appearance,’ ‘species sub oculos cadens,’ not the thing itself but the thing as beholden, ‘ἰδέα τοῦ προσώπου, ‘the look of the countenance.’ (Trench, _N.T. Syn._ 2nd series, p. 93.)... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠῸ ΦΌΒΟΥ … ὩΣ ΝΕΚΡΟΊ. Cp. οἱ δὲ σύμμαχοι τεθνᾶσι τῷ δέει τοὺς τοιούτους�, Dem. _Phil._ I. 45.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΜῊ ΦΟΒΕΙ͂ΣΘΕ ὙΜΕΙ͂Σ. The pronoun is emphatic; a contrast with the alarm of the soldiers is implied. ΤῸΝ ἘΣΤΑΥΡΩΜΈΝΟΝ. ‘Who hath been crucified,’ not ‘which was crucified,’ A.V.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἨΓΈΡΘΗ. As in ch. Matthew 27:64, He rose. So also in next verse. ΚΑΘΏΣ. Non-Attic for classical καθά. See Lob. _Phryn._ p. 426. ἼΔΕΤΕ Κ.Τ.Λ. In order that they might be convinced of the fact. It is hardly possible for us even to conceive the overwhelming joy that the conviction of this truth must... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἼΠΑΤΕ Κ.Τ.Λ. ‘And Peter’ (Mark). Peter, more than the rest, would be longing for the Lord’s return to win forgiveness.... [ Continue Reading ]
In _textus receptus_ the verse begins: ὡς δὲ ἐπορεύοντο�. The clause is omitted in אBD, many versions and Fathers; appears in AC and some versions. The leading editors reject the words. 9. ὙΠΉΝΤΗΣΕΝ. See note, ch. Matthew 8:28. ΧΑΊΡΕΤΕ. The Greek salutation, both on meeting and on parting. ἘΚΡΆΤΗ... [ Continue Reading ]
9, 10. THE APPEARANCE OF JESUS TO MARY MAGDALENE AND THE OTHER MARY Recorded by St Matthew only Jesus had already appeared to Mary Magdalene _alone_. We must suppose that she was now joined by the other Mary, and perhaps by Salome, Joanna, and others; and while these were going to announce the grea... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΑΓΓΕΊΛΑΤΕ Κ.Τ.Λ. i.e. tell my brethren (of my Resurrection), in order that they may go. ἈΔΕΛΦΟΙ͂Σ ΜΟΥ. The disciples; ‘He named them brethren, as being Himself a man and their kinsman according to man’s nature’ (Euthymius quoted by Ellicott, _Life of our Lord_); comp. Hebrews 2:11, ὃ τε γὰρ ἁγιάζ... [ Continue Reading ]
THE ROMAN GUARDS ARE BRIBED This important testimony is given by St Matthew only.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΙΝῈΣ ΤΗ͂Σ ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΊΑΣ. An expression that implies more than the traditional number of four guards. The full complement of a κουστωδία appears to have been 60 men. See note, ch. Matthew 27:65.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΡΓΎΡΙΑ ἹΚΑΝΆ. Many pieces of silver, a _largesse_.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἩΜΩ͂Ν ΚΟΙΜΩΜΈΝΩΝ. The penalty for which would be death.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΠῚ ΤΟΥ͂ ἩΓΕΜΌΝΟΣ. ‘Before the governor.’ With this use of ἐπὶ comp. ἐπὶ μαρτύρων, 1 Timothy 5:19; ἐπὶ τῶν� … ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγίων, 1 Corinthians 6:1, ‘at the bar of,’ and the common phrases ἐπὶ δικαστῶν, δικαστηρίων. These expressions are closely connected with the physical notion of ἐπὶ, ‘upon.’ A matter... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΙΕΦΗΜΊΣΘΗ ΜΈΧΡΙ ΤΗ͂Σ ΣΉΜΕΡΟΝ. Hence St Matthew found it especially needful to narrate the true facts. An aorist qualified by an adverb of present time has the force of a perfect definite. The note of time therefore, like the use of γέγονεν (ch. Matthew 1:22; Matthew 22:4), implies that the events d... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤῸ ὌΡΟΣ. The mountain. Perhaps the highland behind Tell Hum or Capernaum (see map), the scene of their earliest intercourse with Christ, and the very spot where the New Law was first proclaimed. There the brethren, possibly five hundred in number [see Matthew 28:9-10 (8) (9)], besides the Eleven, aw... [ Continue Reading ]
16, 17. JESUS APPEARS TO THE ELEVEN IN GALILEE Peculiar to St Matthew... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΡΟΣΕΚΎΝΗΣΑΝ. See note, ch. Matthew 20:20. It is characteristic of St Matthew’s Gospel that this word, which indicates the homage and prostration before a king, should occur twelve times, whereas it is found twice only in each of the other Synoptics. ΟἹ ΔΈ. Probably not some of the Apostles, but so... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘῺΝ ἘΛΆΛΗΣΕΝ. Came up to them, near to them, and spake. ἘΔΌΘΗ, ‘was given,’—the aorist of an eternal fact, so undefined and independent of time-notion, cp. ch. Matthew 3:17 and Matthew 11:27, and Philippians 2:8-10. These words, in which the infallible King Himself announces His eternal posse... [ Continue Reading ]
THE LAST CHARGE TO THE APOSTLES... [ Continue Reading ]
ΜΑΘΗΤΕΎΣΑΤΕ. Make disciples of. Cp. Acts 14:21, μαθητεύσαντες ἱκανούς, and see ch. Matthew 13:52; Matthew 27:57, where the same word is used. διδάσκοντες, Matthew 28:20, = ‘instructing.’ ‘Make disciples of all the Gentiles πάντα τὰ ἔθνη) by baptism and by instruction in all my commands to you’ (πάντ... [ Continue Reading ]
The evidence against the final ἀμὴν is very strong: אABD, many versions and Fathers. 20. ΜΕΘʼ ὙΜΩ͂Ν ΕἸΜΊ. The Lord Jesus had already taught His disciples during the forty days how He could be present with them and yet be unseen by them. They could then the more easily believe this promise. ΠΆΣΑΣ Τ... [ Continue Reading ]