Revelation 18 - Introduction

CHAP. 17, 18. BABYLON These Chapter s are related to each other something as 11, 12. Those seem between them to give an account of a judgement on Jerusalem, these seem between them to give an account of the judgement on Babylon. But neither account seems to be strictly continuous; in both the histor... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:1

ΜΕΤᾺ ΤΑΥ͂ΤΑ. Primas[624] reads _et_; Text. Rec[625] καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα with 1 vg[626] [624] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. [625] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. [626] Vulgate. 1. ἌΛΛΟΝ. See on Revelation 14:6. ἘΞΟΝΣΊΑΝ ΜΕΓΆΛΗΝ. Apparently for destruction: see on Revelation 9:19 and... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:2

ἘΝ ἸΣΧΥΡΑ͂Ι ΦΩΝΗ͂Ι. Vg[627] (tol[628]) Tyc[629] _in fortitudine_, whence Text. Rec[630] ἐν ἰσχύϊ φωνῇ μεγάλῃ. [627] Vulgate. [628] Codex Toletanus 10th century at Madrid. [629] Tyconius. [630] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. ΛΈΓΩΝ. P omits. ΠΝ. ἈΚΑΘΆΡΤΟΥ. A adds καὶ μεμισημένου. ὈΡ... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:3

ΤΟΥ͂ ΟἼΝΟΥ Τ. Θ. Τ. Π. AC omit τοῦ οἴνου. C has τοῦ θυμοῦ after τῆς πορνείας. Primas[633] omits τοῦ θυμοῦ. [633] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. ΠΈΠΩΚΑΝ. AC have πέπτωκαν, אB2 πεπτώκασιν by a common clerical error which here makes sense. P1 have πέποκεν, Text. Rec[634] πέπωκε. The Versions prese... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:4

ἘΞΈΛΘΑΤΕ. Lach[635] reads ἐξέλθε with B2C Cyp[636] Primas[637] [635] Lachmann’s larger edition. [636] St Cyprian as quoted by Haussleiter. [637] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. ΛΆΒΗΤΕ. An[638] [639]. βλάβητε, Tyc[640] _laedamini_. Cyp[641] Primas[642] _perstringaris_. [638] Andreas’ Augsburg... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:5

ἘΚΟΛΛΉΘΗΣΑΝ. Vg[643] Cyp[644] Primas[645] read _pervenerunt_, Tyc[646] _adscenderunt_, Text. Rec[647] ἠκολούθησαν. [643] Vulgate. [644] St Cyprian as quoted by Haussleiter. [645] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. [646] Tyconius. [647] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. 5. ἘΚΟΛΛΉΘΗΣΑΝ. L... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:6

ἈΠΌΔΟΤΕ. Cyp[648] Primas[649] have _reddidit_. [648] St Cyprian as quoted by Haussleiter. [649] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. 6. ἈΠΌΔΟΤΕ ΑΥ̓ΤΗ͂Ι ὩΣ ΚΑῚ ΑΥ̓ΤῊ�. “Render to her as she herself rendered.” The thought is founded on Psalms 137:8; Jeremiah 50:15; Jeremiah 50:29; and the expression on... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:7

ΔΌΤΕ. Cyp[650] Primas[651] have _datur_. [650] St Cyprian as quoted by Haussleiter. [651] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. 7. ὍΤΙ … ἼΔΩ. Isaiah 47:7-8 : in Revelation 18:8 we have a reminiscence of the next verse of Isaiah, but less verbally close.... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:8

ΘΆΝΑΤΟΣ ΚΑῚ ΠΈΝΘΟΣ ΚΑῚ ΛΙΜΌΣ. B2 has θανάτου πένθος καὶ λιμοῦ. 8. ΘΆΝΑΤΟΣ ΚΑῚ ΠΈΝΘΟΣ ΚΑῚ ΛΙΜΌΣ. Mourning naturally comes after death, why famine after mourning? Is the order of the plagues first pestilence, with the streets full of mourners, then a siege and famine, then fire more terrible than the... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:9

ΚΛΑΎΣΟΥΣΙΝ. So Lach[652] Treg[653] W. H[654] (text) and Weiss with B2CP; Text. Rec[655] and Tisch[656] (note) read κλαύσονται with אA. [652] Lachmann’s larger edition. [653] Tregelles. [654] H. Westcott aud Hort. [655] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. [656] Tischendorf: eighth edition;... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:10

ΔΙᾺ ΤῸΝ ΦΌΒΟΝ, i.e. because of _their_ fear. Their regret for her destruction is sincere, but does not make them forget themselves.... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:11

ΚΛΑΊΟΥΣΙΝ ΚΑῚ ΠΕΝΘΟΥ͂ΣΙΝ. See crit. note. The present here between the futures in Revelation 18:9; Revelation 18:15 is more difficult than the past tenses in Revelation 18:18, which can be explained as in Revelation 11:11. Apart from this, Revelation 18:11-13 might seem to interrupt the connexion be... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:12

ΓΌΜΟΝ ΧΡΥΣΟΥ͂, ΚΑῚ�, ΚΑῚ ΛΊΘΟΥ ΤΙΜΊΟΥ. CP read γ. χρυσοῦν καὶ�, Primas[657] _mercis auri et argenti et lapidum pretiosorum_. [657] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. ΜΑΡΓΑΡΙΤΩ͂Ν with א Primas[658]; Text. Rec[659] μαργαρίτου with B2 vg[660]; A has μαργαρίταις, CP μαργαρίτας. Both are possibly as W.... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:12,13

12, 13. See crit. notes. The various readings are partly due to deliberate attempts to carry either the accusative or the genitive through; partly perhaps to various very early combinations of two lists, one with the names in genitive and one in accusative; compare ἴππων and κτήνη, Lat. _jumenta_, a... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:13

ΚΑῚ ΚΙΝΝΆΜΩΜΟΝ, ΚΑῚ ἌΜΩΜΟΝ. אB2 Primas[665] (?) read καὶ κινναμώμου. אCB2 Primas[666] omit καὶ ἄμωμον. [665] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. [666] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. ΘΥΜΙΆΜΑΤΑ. 1 Primas[667] read θυμίαμα, B2 θυμιάματος. [667] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. ΚΑῚ ΜΎΡΟΝ. C omits.... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:14

ΕὙΡΉΣΟΥΣΙΝ. Text. Rec[669] reads εὑρήσῃς with B2 εὔρῃς, 1 εὑρήσεις. [669] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. 14. See on Revelation 18:11. If this verse is in its original context, the writer, after the long parenthesis of Revelation 18:11-13, begins to quote without notice the lamentati... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:17

ἘΠῚ ΤΌΠΟΝ ΠΛΈΩΝ. B2 has ἐπὶ τὸν τ. πλ.; P ἐπὶ τῶν πλοίων πλέων. Text. Rec[670] ἐπὶ τῶν πλοίων ὁ ὄμιλος with 1 Hipp[671] An[672][673]. [670] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. [671] St Hippolytus. The readings not given by Tischendorf are from the newly published 4th book of his commentar... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:20

ΚΑῚ ΟἹ�. With אAB2P am[674] fu[675] Primas[676]; Text. Rec[677] omits καὶ οἱ with C 1 vg[678][674] Codex Amiatinus 6th century in Laurentian Library at Florence. [675] Codex Fuldensis 6th century at Fulda. [676] Primasius, edited by Haussleiter. [677] Rec. Textus Receptus as printed by Scrivener. ... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:21

ἸΣΧΥΡῸΣ ΛΊΘΟΝ. א* has λίθον ἰσχυρόν. A Syr[679] Tyc[680] omit ἰσχυρός. [679] Syriac. [680] Tyconius. ὩΣ ΜΎΛΟΝ ΜΈΓΑΝ. א has ὡς λίθον μἑγαν, AC ὡς μύλινον (C μυλικὸν) μέγαν. 21. ΚΑῚ ἜΒΑΛΕΝ Κ.Τ.Λ. Jeremiah 51:63-64. ΟὝΤΩΣ ὉΡΜΉΜΑΤΙ. Vg[692] _Hoc impetu_. R. V[693] “with a mighty fall.” [692] Vulgat... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:22

ΠΆΣΗΣ ΤΈΧΝΗΣ. אA cop[681] omit. [681] Coptic. ΜΎΛΟΝ. C has μύθον. 22. ΦΩΝῊ ΚΙΘΑΡΩΙΔΩ͂Ν. Isaiah 14:11, of Babylon, Ezekiel 26:13, of Tyre, are certainly parallels: compare also Isaiah 24:8, which is as similar as the passages of Jeremiah referred to on the following verse, and apparently, like the... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:23

ΚΑῚ ΦΩ͂Σ … ἘΝ ΣΟῚ ἜΤΙ. A and some MSS. of vg[682] omit. [682] Vulgate. ΟἹ ἜΜΠΟΡΟΙ. Lach and Treg[683] omit οἱ with A 95. [683] Tregelles. 23. ΦΩΝῊ ΝΥΜΦΊΟΥ. Jeremiah 7:34; Jeremiah 16:9. Weiss suggests that Revelation 18:14 originally stood here, having dropped out between ἔτι and ὄτι, and been r... [ Continue Reading ]

Revelation 18:24

ΑἾΜΑ. Tisch[684] reads αἴματα with B2 and And. comm[685] [684] Tischendorf: eighth edition; where the text aud notes differ the latter are cited. [685] comm. Andreas’ Commentary: the text of the MSS. differs. 24. ΚΑῚ ἘΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΗ͂Ι. As in the beginning of the Angel’s speech Babylon is spoken of in th... [ Continue Reading ]

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