καὶ οὕτως, so and only so: πᾶς Ἰ = τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῶν Romans 11:12. The idea is that Israel as a nation will have its part fully in the consummated kingdom of Christ (cf. 1 Corinthians 15) and in this final reconciliation S. Paul sees the fulfilment of the promises. What fate awaits those Israelites who fell away, he does not consider. Jewish eschatology seems to have provided for the inclusion of all Israel in the Messianic kingdom by means of a general resurrection. But this question of the ultimate salvation of individuals is as completely ignored at this point, as it has been throughout these Chapter s.

καθὼς γέγραπται κ.τ.λ., Isaiah 59:20. ἐκ Σιὼν is substituted for ἕνεκεν Σ. LXX[220] and ‘to S.’ Hebr.; the last clause is from Isaiah 28:9. The context in Isa. concerns the sins of Israel, and the verses quoted give the promise of redemption. This hope, which contemporary Judaism applied to a restoration of Israel by the establishment of the Messianic kingdom in Jerusalem, S. Paul sees fulfilled in the final return of the Christ and the establishment of His spiritual kingdom. For Sion thus spiritualised cf. Galatians 4:26; for the new covenant, 2 Corinthians 3:6 f. For the Jewish interpretation of these passages, cf. S. H. The context is quoted in c. 3.

[220] LXX. the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament

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Old Testament