Romans 6:1 to Romans 7:6. The ethical bearing and standard of the new life in Christ. (1) Are we to conclude that the state of sin is to continue, as a provocative, so to speak, of the graciousness of GOD; the more sin the greater grace? (2) It is a monstrous thought; the fundamental characteristic... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΊ ΟΥ̓͂Ν ἘΡΟΥ͂ΜΕΝ; as always, introduces a question putting a case which might occur to the reader. ἘΠΙΜΈΝΩΜΕΝ. So far the emphasis has been chiefly upon the free grace of GOD as justifying; this might suggest that human effort is not required: and S. Paul meets this by pointing out that as GOD jus... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟἽΤΙΝΕΣ, the appeal is to the character of the Christian—‘seeing we are men who …’. ἈΠΕΘΆΝΟΜΕΝ definitely refers to baptism as explained Romans 6:3 f. ΤΗ͂Ι ἉΜΑΡΤΊΑΙ = our sin, the state of sin in which we were; cf. Galatians 2:19.... [ Continue Reading ]
Ἤ�, Romans 7:1 only; cf. οὐ θέλω ὑ. ἀγνοεῖν Romans 1:13; Romans 11:25; 1 Corinthians 10:1; 1 Corinthians 12:1 _alibi_; as always, appealing to an admitted principle of Christian instruction. It has been suggested that here and in 1 Corinthians 15:4 we have a reference to a primitive Baptismal Confe... [ Continue Reading ]
ΣΥΝΕΤΆΦΗΜΕΝ. Colossians 2:12 only; cf. 1 Corinthians 15:4; Acts 13:29. It is remarkable that S. Paul, alone in N.T. outside the Gospels, lays stress on the Burial: he alone was not an eyewitness of the circumstances of the Death, and therefore for him the burial was of high significance, in its evid... [ Continue Reading ]
ΓᾺΡ expresses what was implied in καὶ ἡμεῖς, we are risen as Christ rose: this argument is continued to Romans 6:11. ΣΎΜΦΥΤΟΙ, here only N.T. Cf. ἔμφυτος, James 1:21. = if we have been born (γεγόναμεν) with a (new) nature characterised by or wearing the likeness of His death. The new nature is stamp... [ Continue Reading ]
Τ. ΓΙΝ ὍΤΙ, almost = schooling ourselves to remember—the idea is one which grows with experience of the new life—contrast εἰδότες Romans 6:9, cf. Moulton, p. 113. The point of the sentence lies in the ἵνα clause—the object of our crucifixion with Christ was to deliver us etc. Ὁ ΠΑΛ. Ἡ. ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ: ἌΝΘ... [ Continue Reading ]
Ὁ ΓᾺΡ� then enforces the completeness of this result:= he that dies (cf. Moulton, p. 114) is acquitted of his sin for which he is put to death—he has paid the penalty and is free from further effects. This is not a merely general statement. As Romans 6:8 shows, the death here is a sharing of Christ’... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἸ ΔῈ�. The death spoken of is not an absolute death, but relative only. The force of these verses is to bring out the positive effects of this death: it is not only death to the old life but entry upon the new. S. Paul thinks of death not as an end but as a transition from one life to another. ΠΙΣ... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἸΔΌΤΕΣ ὍΤΙ, ‘appeal to an elementary Christian belief,’ Hort, 1 Peter 1:18; cf. Romans 6:3; 2 Corinthians 4:14; 2 Corinthians 5:6. A stronger form is οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι, Romans 6:16; 1 Corinthians 3:16 _alibi_ ΧΡΙΣΤῸΣ Κ.Τ.Λ. The antithetic and rhythmical balance of these clauses suggests a well-known a... [ Continue Reading ]
Ὃ ΓᾺΡ�, ‘a kind of cognate accus. after the second ἀπέθανεν,’ S.H. His death that He died was a death once for all to sin. ΤΗ͂Ι ἉΜΑΡΤΊΑΙ. Cf. Romans 6:21, the sin that reigned by death: for the dative cf. Romans 6:2. Ὃ ΔῈ ΖΗ͂Ι, ‘the life that He lives is a life to GOD.’ It is clear that ‘the Death’... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟὝΤΩΣ Κ.Τ.Λ. sums up the argument in answer to the question in Romans 6:1. ἘΝ ΧΡ. ἸΗΣΟΥ͂, first time in this Ep. (Romans 3:24 is different). The relation hitherto has been described by διὰ (Romans 5:1; Romans 5:11; Romans 5:17; Romans 5:21). The idea then becomes explicit that the new life is life i... [ Continue Reading ]
12 FF. The suggestion of Romans 6:1 is reversed: the slave is free, the tyrant deposed, the service changed, the instruments of service refurbished, the power of service quickened. ΜῊ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΈΤΩ, pres. of the continued reign, under these altered conditions. Ἡ ἉΜΑΡΤΊΑ, the sin which hitherto reigne... [ Continue Reading ]
ΜΗΔῈ ΠΑΡΙΣΤΆΝΕΤΕ, do not continue to lend. ΠΑΡΑΣΤΉΣΑΤΕ make a surrender once for all; cf. Moulton, p. 125. Cf. Romans 12:1. ΤΩ͂Ι ΘΕΩ͂Ι, for GOD’s use. ἘΚ ΝΕΚΡΩ͂Ν Ζ., as men that are alive after being dead. ΤᾺ ΜΈΛΗ, the component parts of the body. ὍΠΛΑ, instruments, tools (not merely for war); cf... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟΥ̓ ΚΥΡΙΕΎΣΕΙ, a promise, not a command. ΟΥ̓ ΓᾺΡ Κ.Τ.Λ. Cf. 1 Corinthians 15:56 : a verse which shows that this line of argument had been already developed by S. Paul in his oral teaching. ὙΠῸ ΝΌΜΟΝ … ΧΆΡΙΝ. The contrast is the keynote of this section: from the point of view of ethics, the Christi... [ Continue Reading ]
15–23. These verses, starting from the contrast just stated, describe the same conditions as in Romans 6:1-14 but from a slightly different point of view; there the two states of man have been described; here the two activities of the human will. What demand is made upon us as self-determining agent... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟΥ̓Κ ΟἼΔΑΤΕ ὍΤΙ, appeal to recognised principle. ὯΙ, neut.: the case is stated as generally as possible. ΕἸΣ ὙΠΑΚΟΉΝ = with a view to obeying, for obedience—the proper attitude of the δοῦλος. Ἤ ὙΠΑΚΟΗ͂Σ ΕἸΣ ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΎΝΗΝ, the antithesis fails: we expect ἤ δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν. The reason for the ch... [ Continue Reading ]
16–23. These verses answer the question put in Romans 6:15. The complexity of the passage is due to the fact that S. Paul wishes to explain that the Christian life is subject to law, but that the subjection differs from that of the Jew both in the character of the law and the nature of the subjectio... [ Continue Reading ]
ΧΆΡΙΣ ΔῈ ΤΩ͂Ι ΘΕΩ͂Ι. The outburst of feeling is occasioned by the thought of the magnitude of the change which has been worked in them and in himself by GOD. ἮΤΕ ΔΟΥ͂ΛΟΙ, really a μὲν clause, and to be translated ‘while you were’ or ‘though you were.’ ὙΠΗΚΟΎΣΑΤΕ ΔῈ ἘΚ ΚΑΡΔΊΑΣ, the expansion of ὑπα... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΔΟΥΛΏΘΗΤΕ ΤΗ͂Ι ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΎΝΗΙ. The correct antithesis which was avoided in Romans 6:16 is now given, because the sense in which ἡ δικ. is to be taken has been made clear in the preceding sentence; _Art._ = the righteousness of GOD revealed in Christ.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΝΘΡΏΠΙΝΟΝ ΛΈΛΩ. An apology for the harsh word ἐδουλώθηστε:he calls it slavery, because the weakness of the flesh needs just such a masterful control as that word implies, and as it had lent itself to under its former master. The mastery of Christ is even more exacting and exclusive than the mastery... [ Continue Reading ]
ΓᾺΡ. Make this effort, for your former freedom or slavery brought you such gain as now shames you.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἼΧΕΤΕ used you to enjoy. ἘΦ' ΟἿΣ = ἐκείνων ἐφ' οἷς, from those things at which.… ΚΑΡΠῸΝ here = the results of their slavery—so ὀψώνια—χάρισμα: in the one case earned and paid, in the other not earned but given.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΟΥΛΩΘΈΝΤΕΣ ΔῈ ΤΩ͂Ι ΘΕΩ͂Ι. The fullest expression of the service into which they have been brought. ἜΧΕΤΕ. You bear your proper fruit; or perhaps imper.; cf. Romans 6:19. N. the present of continued action.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤῸ ΧΆΡΙΣΜΑ. The concrete instance of GOD’s χάρις. ἘΝ ΧΡ. With ζ. αἰ. as Romans 6:11 : for the full name cf. n. on Romans 5:21. N. refrain again.... [ Continue Reading ]