Titus 1:1-4
1–4. SALUTATION... [ Continue Reading ]
1–4. SALUTATION... [ Continue Reading ]
ἸΗΣΟΥ͂ ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ͂. Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ is the order of A, the Bohairic and Harclean Syriac Versions. Practically all the other authorities support Ἰη. Χριστοῦ, the reading of the rec. text. See crit. note on 1 Timothy 1:1. 1. ΠΑΥ͂ΛΟΣ ΔΟΥ͂ΛΟΣ ΘΕΟΥ͂. St Paul does not use this expression elsewhere, and it is t... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΠʼ ἘΛΠΊΔΙ ΖΩΗ͂Σ ΑἸΩΝΊΟΥ, _in hope of life eternal_. This is the hope in which the labours of the Apostolic ministry are cheerfully endured; cp. 1 Timothy 1:16; 1 Timothy 6:12, and for ἐπί with the dat. see on 1 Timothy 4:10; 1 Timothy 5:5. ἫΝ ἘΠΗΓΓΕΊΛΑΤΟ Ὁ�, _which_ (sc. ζωὴ αἰώνιος) _God, Who cann... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΦΑΝΈΡΩΣΕΝ ΔΈ. We should expect _but which_ (sc. the ζωή) _He manifested_; but the construction suddenly changes and the object of ἐφανέρωσεν is τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, the contrast being between the promise of life before times eternal, and the manifestation of the Divine Word in the fulness of time (cp.... [ Continue Reading ]
ΧΆΡΙΣ ΚΑῚ ΕἸΡΉΝΗ. This, the usual form of salutation in St Paul’s letters (see exegetical note on 1 Timothy 1:2), is supported by אC*D2EGIP and most of the versions; the rec. text (following the analogy of 1 Timothy 1:2 and 2 Timothy 1:1) reads χάρις ἔλεος εἰρήνη with ACbKL. ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ͂ ἸΗΣΟΥ͂. So אACD... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΈΛΙΠΟΝ. So א*D2*; cp. 2 Timothy 4:20. WH prefer ἀπέλειπον with ACGI. The rec. text has κατέλιπον with אcD2cEK. κατέλειπον is the reading of LP. See exegetical note, and on ch. Titus 3:13. ἘΠΙΔΙΟΡΘΏΣΗΙ. This, the rec. reading, is supported by אCD2bEbIKLP; AD2*EG* have ἐπιδιορθώσῃς, which probably... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἼ ΤΙΣ ἘΣΤῚΝ�. _If any man has nought laid to his charge_. No suggestion as to the scarcity of such persons can be founded on the form of the sentence εἴ τις κ.τ.λ.; cp. e.g. 2 Corinthians 11:20. The list of qualifications, negative and positive, which follows, should be compared with the list in 1... [ Continue Reading ]
THE QUALIFICATIONS OF AN ἐπίσκοπος... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΕΙ͂ ΓᾺΡ ΤῸΝ ἘΠΊΣΚΟΠΟΝ�, _for the_ ἐπίσκοπος _must be_ ἀνέγκλητος. See _Introd._ chap. V. for the significance of the titles πρεσβύτερος and ἐπίσκοπος in the Pastoral Epistles. For the singular τὸν ἐπίσκοπον see on 1 Timothy 3:2. ὩΣ ΘΕΟΥ͂ ΟἸΚΟΝΌΜΟΝ, _as God’s steward_, as steward of the οἶκος θεοῦ ... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΛΛᾺ ΦΙΛΌΞΕΝΟΝ. We now come to the positive qualifications, the first-named of which, φιλοξενία, stands in sharp contrast to αἰσχροκέρδεια. see on 1 Timothy 3:2. ΦΙΛΆΓΑΘΟΝ, _a lover of good_; whether ‘of good _things_’ or ‘of good _persons_’ is not clear, but probably it ought to be taken in its wi... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΝΤΕΧΌΜΕΝΟΝ ΤΟΥ͂ ΚΑΤᾺ ΤῊΝ ΔΙΔΑΧῊΝ ΠΙΣΤΟΥ͂ ΛΌΓΟΥ, _holding by the faithful word which is according to the doctrine_. ἀντέχεοθαι is a difficult word; it is used of “holding to” one of two masters in Matthew 6:24; Luke 16:13, and of “laying hold of” and so “supporting” the weak in 1 Thessalonians 5:14... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΟΛΛΟΊ. The rec. text inserts καὶ after πολλοί with D2EGKL d e f g; but it is unnecessary for the sense and must be omitted as not found in אACIP, the Syriac or the Bohairic versions. ἘΚ ΤΗ͂Σ ΠΕΡΙΤΟΜΗ͂Σ. So אCD2*I, but the rec. text, following the remaining uncials, omits τῆς, perhaps through a rem... [ Continue Reading ]
THE HERETICAL TEACHERS AND TITUS’ DUTY IN REGARD TO THEM... [ Continue Reading ]
After χάριν the cursive 109 inserts the gloss τὰ τέκνα οἱ τοὺς ἱδίους γονεῖς ὑβρίζοντες ἥ τύπτοντες ἐπιστόμιζε καὶ ἔλεγχε καὶ νουθέτει ὡς πατὴρ τέκνα, which has no apparent relation to the context. It was probably a gloss about the duties of children, originally appended to Titus 1:8 of the next cha... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἿΠΈΝ ΤΙΣ. So the rec. text with the majority of MSS.; א*G f g and the Bohairic version insert δὲ after εἷπεν. 12. ΕἾΠΈΝ ΤΙΣ ἘΞ ΑΥ̓ΤΩ͂Ν ἼΔΙΟΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΩ͂Ν ΠΡΟΦΉΤΗΣ, _one of themselves_, sc. the Cretans, _a prophet of their own, said_. The philosopher here quoted by St Paul is Epimenides, a Cretan who fl... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΝ ΤΗ͂Ι ΠΊΣΤΕΙ. א* omits ἐν, but the authority for its insertion is overwhelming. 13. ἩΜΑΡΤΥΡΊΑ ΑὝΤΗ ἘΣΤῚΝ�. _This witness is true_. St Paul deliberately assents to the truth of the proverbial judgement upon the Cretan character. It was a serious thing to say, and especially significant in a letter... [ Continue Reading ]
ΜῊ ΠΡΟΣΈΧΟΝΤΕΣ ἸΟΥΔΑΪΚΟΙ͂Σ ΜΎΘΟΙΣ, _not giving heed to Jewish fables_. see on 1 Timothy 1:4 and _Introd._ chap. IV. ΚΑῚ ἘΝΤΟΛΑΙ͂Σ�, _and commandments of men who turn away from the truth_. As the next verse shews, these commandments were probably of a ceremonial or ritual character (cp. 1 Timothy 4:3... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΆΝΤΑ. The rec. text (with אcD2cKL) adds μέν, possibly because of the δέ in the next clause (cp. Romans 14:20); but it is omitted by א*ACD2*E*GP and the Latins. ΜΕΜΙΑΜΜΈΝΟΙΣ. This is the spelling of the best MSS.; D2bcE have μεμιασμένοις as in the rec. text. 15. ΠΆΝΤΑ ΚΑΘΑΡᾺ ΤΟΙ͂Σ ΚΑΘΑΡΟΙ͂Σ. _For t... [ Continue Reading ]
ΘΕῸΝ ὉΜΟΛΟΥ͂ΣΙΝ ΕἸΔΈΝΑΙ. _They confess that they know God_. There is here no hint of Gnostic pretensions to esoteric knowledge of deity. It was ever the boast and the pride of Judaism that it was the religion of the One True God, in contrast to the religions of τὰ ἔθνη τὰ μὴ εἰδότα τὸν θεόν (1 Thess... [ Continue Reading ]