_Sheth, Enosh_ "Seth, Enos," the spellings given in Gen. (A.V.) are less correct. Generally speaking the forms of names in Genesis (A.V.) are derived from the Latin Vulgate, which in turn took them from the LXX., which again (owing to the shortcomings of the Greek alphabet as compared with the Hebre... [ Continue Reading ]
_Kenan, … Jered_ "Cainan, Jared," the spellings given in Gen. (A.V.) are less correct.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Henoch_ "Enoch," the spelling given in Gen. (A.V. and R.V.) is less correct. In 1 Chronicles 1:33 the R.V. gives the still better form "Hanoch," but it does not venture to alter the form of the name of the famous Enoch (Genesis 5:21).... [ Continue Reading ]
(Genesis 10:2-4). The Sons of Japheth 5. _The sons of Japheth_ The writer begins with the Northern "zone." _Gomer_ to he identified with the _Gimirrai_of the Assyrian monuments who in the seventh century b.c. inhabited the district afterwards called Cappadocia. Probably they are also to be identif... [ Continue Reading ]
The "Genealogy" of the Nations The table which follows is taken from Genesis 10:2-29. In the A.V. several variations between Gen. and Chron. occur in the spelling of proper names. In the R.V. the spelling has been made uniform. The table is geographical rather than ethnological, i.e. neighbouring... [ Continue Reading ]
_Ashchenaz_ R.V. ASHKENAZ, as in Genesis 10:3. In Jeremiah 51:27 "the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni and Ashkenaz" are to be summoned against Babylon. Ararat being Armenia, and Minni (Mannai of the Assyrian monuments) being a neighbour of Armenia, Ashkenaz also is probably a neighbour of Armenia and to b... [ Continue Reading ]
_Elishah_ Ezekiel (1 Chronicles 27:7) addressing Tyre, "Blue and purple from the isles of Elishah was thine awning." Elishah clearly denotes some islands or coastlands near the territory of Javan, but no closer identification is at present possible. If it be the _Alashya_of the Tell-el-Amarna Letter... [ Continue Reading ]
(Genesis 10:6-7). The Sons of Ham 8. _The sons of Ham_ Passing over for the present the Central "zone," the writer now describes the Southern. _Cush_ The Heb. name here transliterated _Cush_is several times translated "Ethiopia" (e.g. 2 Kings 19:9; Isaiah 18:1) no doubt rightly. On the inscription... [ Continue Reading ]
_the sons of Cush_ According to some authorities Seba and Havilah are to be sought in Africa on the W. coast of the Red and the Gulf of Aden, while Sabta, Raamah, and Sabtecha (R.V. SABTECA) are to be sought in Arabia. According to another view (Sayce, _Higher Criticism_, p. 133) all five tribes bel... [ Continue Reading ]
(Genesis 10:8-18 b). Appendix. Other Descendants of Ham 10. _And Cush begat Nimrod_ In the parallel passage of Gen. Nimrod is described as having founded a kingdom in Babylonia and as having subsequently occupied Assyria (1 Chronicles 10:10-11, R.V.). In 1 Chronicles 1:17 (Genesis 10:22) however, th... [ Continue Reading ]
_Ludim_ reckoned in Jeremiah 46:9 and Ezekiel 30:5 (R.V. "Lud") among the auxiliary troops of Egypt; they are no doubt the Lydians. Gyges of Lydia in the seventh century b.c. helped to make Egypt independent by sending forces to help Psammetichus; and Lydians were permanently retained in the bodygua... [ Continue Reading ]
_Pathrusim_ the inhabitants of Pathros (Isaiah 11:11), i.e. Upper Egypt. _Casluhim_ not identified. _of whom came the Philistines_ R.V. FROM WHENCE. Elsewhere (Jeremiah 47:4; Amos 9:7; cp. Deuteronomy 2:23) the Philistines are said to have come from Caphtor; and it is possible that this clause has... [ Continue Reading ]
_Canaan begat Zidon his firstborn_ From the time of David downwards Tyre takes precedence of Zidon in any mention of the Phœnician cities in the O.T., but Zidon may still have been the older of the two cities, as indeed the Roman historian Justin (1 Chronicles 18:3) asserts. So we find the Phœnician... [ Continue Reading ]
_the Jebusite_ Judges 1:21; 2 Samuel 5:6. _the Amorite_ Numbers 13:29; Numbers 21:21; Judges 1:35.... [ Continue Reading ]
_the Hivite_ In Joshua 11:3, the Hivites are placed in the extreme N. of the land, "the Hivite under Hermon" (Heb. _not_LXX.). The Arkite and Sinite lived in Lebanon, the Arvadite (cp. Ezekiel 27:8) on the sea-coast N. of Gebal (Byblus), the Zemarite a little to the S. of the Arvadite, and the Hamat... [ Continue Reading ]
(Genesis 10:22-23). The Sons of Shem 17. _The sons of Shem_ These occupied the middle geographical "zone." _Elam_ "Semites neither in blood nor in speech" (Sayce, _Higher Criticism_, p. 122). If this be so, the reason of their being reckoned to Shem must be that they were in the geographical zone... [ Continue Reading ]
(Genesis 10:24-29). The Descent of the South Arabian Tribes 18. _Eber_ The Heb. word usually means "the land beyond." Perhaps here we have a personification of the population beyond the Euphrates.... [ Continue Reading ]
_the earth was divided_ i.e. there was a great dispersion of the population of the earth. _Peleg_means "Separation" or "Division.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Joktan begat Almodad_ All the names of the sons of Joktan here given, so far as they have been identified, represent peoples situated in S. Arabia or on the W. coast of the Red Sea lying over against S. Arabia.... [ Continue Reading ]
The Descent of Abraham from Shem These verses are compressed within the smallest limits from Genesis 11:10-26. For another example of this extreme compression compare 1 Chronicles 1:1-4.... [ Continue Reading ]
The Descent of the Ishmaelite Tribes from Abraham (Genesis 25:12-16) 29. _Nebajoth_ Cp. Isaiah 60:7. _Kedar_ Isaiah 21:13-17.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Dumah_ Isaiah 21:11. _Massa_ Proverbs 31:1 (R.V. marg.). _Hadad_ The name begins with the Heb. letter _Ḥçth_and therefore differs from the Hadad of 1 Chronicles 1:46 and of 1 Chronicles 1:50 and of 2 Chronicles 16:2 in which the first letter is _Hç_. _Tema_ Isaiah 21:14.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Jetur, Naphish_ 1 Chronicles 5:18-22.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Medan, Midian_ Kindred tribes often bore names only slightly differing in form. _Midian_ In Judges 8:24 the Midianites are reckoned as Ishmaelites. _Sheba and Dedan_ The same two names occur in 1 Chronicles 1:9 among the descendants of Ham. See note there.... [ Continue Reading ]
The Descent of Arabian Tribes from Abraham through Keturah (Genesis 25:1-4)... [ Continue Reading ]
_Ephah_ Isaiah 60:6. _Henoch_ R.V. HANOCH, as Genesis 25:4. Cp. 1 Chronicles 1:3.... [ Continue Reading ]
The Descent of the tribes of Edom from Abraham (Cp. Genesis 36:10-14) 35. _Jaalam_ R.V. JALAM.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Teman_ Amos 1:11-12; Habakkuk 3:3. The word means South, and is applied in the first passage to Edom itself, in the second to the wilderness of Edom, both being south of Canaan. _Zephi_ In Genesis 36:11, "Zepho." _Kenaz_ perhaps the same person as the father of Othniel (1 Chronicles 4:13). _Amale... [ Continue Reading ]
The Genealogy of the Horite Inhabitants of Seir (Cp. Genesis 36:20-27) 38. _The sons of Seir_ Chron. omits the further description given in Gen. "the Horite, the inhabitants of the land," words which shew clearly that these "sons of Seir" were not descendants of Esau, but aboriginal inhabitants of... [ Continue Reading ]
_Aiah and Anah_ See Genesis 36:24.... [ Continue Reading ]
51a. The early Kings of Edom. (Cp. Genesis 36:31-39.) 43. _in the land of Edom_ Edom continued to play an important part in the history of Israel till long after the Chronicler's lifetime. See (e.g.) 1Ma 5:65; 2Ma 10:14-17. Moreover the Herods were of Edomite descent.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Midian in the field of Moab_ Perhaps the words point to a time when Midian and Moab were in alliance; cp. Numbers 22:4; Numbers 22:7.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Rehoboth_by THE RIVER] The Euphrates is meant. See Map 6 in the Cambridge _Companion to the Bible_.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Hadad_ As in 1 Chronicles 1:46; in Genesis 36:39, "Hadar." 51A. _Hadad died also_ R.V. AND HADAD DIED. The words are repeated by a copyist's error from 1 Chronicles 1:47 (R.V. "And Hadad died," as here); they are not found in Genesis.... [ Continue Reading ]
The "Dukes" of Edom (Cp. Genesis 36:40-43) 51. _dukes_ The word means "leader of a thousand." The list which follows is probably topographical, not chronological. It seems to give the names of the "dukedoms" into which Edom was divided at the time when the list was drawn up. _duke Timnah_, etc.] R... [ Continue Reading ]