1 Corinthians 11:19

heresies Sects, Tyndale. Rotten(i.e. factions), Luther. This word is variously translated in our version. In the Acts (Acts 5:17; Acts 15:5; Acts 24:5; Acts 28:22) it is usually translated sect. But in Acts 24:14 and in Galatians 5:20. so and 2 Peter 2:1, it is rendered, as here, by the word heresy. It signifies the deliberate choiceof a doctrine or line of conduct, as opposed to receiving it on authority. St Paul must be understood as saying that not only will there be dissension and division among Christians, but that some of them will go their own way in spite of the instructions both in doctrine and practice delivered to them by Christ's Apostles. So St Chrysostom and many other Greek Fathers. Cf. Acts 20:29; 1 Timothy 4:1; 2 Timothy 3:1-5; 2 Peter 2:1; Judges 18; also ch. 1 Corinthians 14:38.

that they which are approved may be made manifest among you The Greek is not simply so that, but in order that, as though God had permitted these evils to arise in order to test the faith and patience of Christian men. Cf. St James 1:3; 1 Peter 1:6-7.

approved Probati, Vulgate; δόκιμος, he who has stood the trial. It is the opposite of ἀδόκιμος, reprobate, rejected; see ch. 1 Corinthians 9:17. δοκίμιον, a noun derived from this word, is translated trialin the passages cited in the last note. Cf. St James 1:12, where the words when he is triedshould rather be rendered having become approved(δόκιμος), and 2 Corinthians 13:7.