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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

1 Samuel 25:22

unto the enemies of David In the usual oath-formula the swearer invokes divine vengeance upon himself (1 Samuel 20:13), or upon the person adjured (1 Samuel 3:17). And so the Sept. here; "So God do to David." "The enemies of David" may possibly be an euphemism, introduced by a corrector who was unwilling to let David invoke vengeance upon himself for an oath which he afterwards broke. Comp. the note on 1 Samuel 20:16.

if I leave … any, &c. David vows that he will exterminate the family and not leave a single man alive. Cp. Deuteronomy 20:13.

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See also 1 Samuel 25:22 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse 1 Samuel 25:22. _SO AND MORE ALSO DO GOD_] Nothing can justify this part of David's conduct. Whatever his provocation might have been, he had suffered, properly speaking, no wrongs; and his res...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    The concluding phrase denotes the utter destruction of a family, and is rightly explained to mean “every male,” perhaps with the idea, “down to the very meanest member of the household.”...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 25 _ 1. The death of Samuel (1 Samuel 25:1)_ 2. Nabal and his refusal (1 Samuel 25:2) 3. Abigail's deed and her prayer (1 Samuel 25:14) 4. David's answer to Abigail ...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    1 SAMUEL 25:1 A. (TO RAMAH). DEATH AND BURIAL OF SAMUEL. (An editorial addition.) 1 SAMUEL 25:1. IN HIS HOUSE: in the grounds belonging to it. 1 Samuel 25:1 b -...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    GOD. Hebrew. _Elohim_. App-4. ANY, &c.. any male....

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    SO AND MORE ALSO DO GOD UNTO THE ENEMIES OF DAVID— If we put all circumstances together, though David's passion, and oath to destroy Nabal and servants, are not to be vindicated; though the resolution...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    _Abigail Appeals to David._ 1 Samuel 25:14-38 14 But one of the young men told Abigail, Nabal's wife, saying, Behold, David sent messengers out of the wilderness to salute our master; and he railed o...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    _SO AND MORE ALSO DO GOD UNTO THE ENEMIES OF DAVID, IF I LEAVE OF ALL THAT PERTAIN TO HIM BY THE MORNING LIGHT ANY THAT PISSETH AGAINST THE WALL._ So and more also do God unto the enemies of David. I...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    DEATH OF SAMUEL. THE INCIDENT OF NABAL. DAVID AND ABIGAIL 1. Paran] That part of the desert between Sinai and Palestine which bordered on Judah....

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    ISRAEL’S FIRST KING 1 SAMUEL _HELEN POCOCK_ CHAPTER 25 SAMUEL THE *PROPHET DIES V1 Samuel died. All the *Israelites met together and were very sad. Then they buried Samuel in his home town of Ra...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    SO AND MORE ALSO. — This is an unusual variation of the common form of imprecation, “God do so to me and more also, if, &c, &c.” The Syriac and Arabic Versions, followed by some commentators, instead...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    כֹּה ־יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה אֱלֹהִ֛ים לְ אֹיְבֵ֥י דָוִ֖ד...

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    CHAPTER XXXII. _ DAVID AND NABAL._ 1 Samuel 25:1. WE should be forming far too low an estimate of the character of the people of Israel if we did not believe that they were very profoundly moved by...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    A WISE WOMAN'S PLEA 1 Samuel 25:18 What a contrast between the sordid Nabal and his beautiful wife-as lovely in disposition as in face! What a terrible trial for such a woman to be united with a man...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    We now have the account of Samuel's death. Notwithstanding all Israel's failure to realize his high ideals, it was impossible that they should not recognize his greatness, and it is easy to believe th...

  • Geneva Study Bible Commentary

    So and more also do God unto the enemies of David, if I leave of all that [pertain] to him by the morning light any that (h) pisseth against the wall. (h) Meaning by this proverb that he would destro...

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    The enemies, is left out in some editions of the Septuagint. But David wishes all evils to himself, though, to avoid the ominous expression, he specifies his enemies, if he do not punish Nabal. --- Le...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    (18) В¶ Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hund...

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    We enter now on a portion of David's history sensibly different from what we have already had, which closed with the efforts of Jonathan to restore matters and to attach Saul to him at least openly. J...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    At length Samuel dies. This forms an epoch, because he who was the true link between the people and God was gone. Israel acknowledged him when dead, although they had despised him while living. And no...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    SO AND MORE ALSO DO GOD UNTO THE ENEMIES OF DAVID,.... Give them as much health and prosperity, as much wealth and riches, as Nabal has, and much more: IF I LEAVE OF ALL THAT [PERTAIN] TO HIM, BY THE...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    So and more also do God unto the enemies of David, if I leave of all that [pertain] to him by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall. Ver. 22. _So and more also do God unto the enemies o...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _So and more also do God unto the enemies of David_ That is, unto David himself. But because it might seem ominous to curse himself, therefore, instead of David, he mentions David's enemies: see 1 Sam...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 Samuel dieth. 2 Dauid in Paran sendeth to Nabal. 10 Prouoked by Nabals churlishnesse, hee mindeth to destroy him. 14 Abigail vnderstanding thereof, 18 taketh a present, 23 and by her wisedome...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    So and more also do God unto the enemies of David if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall, so much as a single person. David wrongly considered the...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    Abigail's Tact and Prudence...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    David's moral victory over Saul and over his own natural instincts has been most admirable. However, in this chapter we see him showing just the opposite attitude. It seems hardly possible that this c...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    18-31 By a present Abigail atoned for Nabal's denial of David's request. Her behaviour was very submissive. Yielding pacifies great offences. She puts herself in the place of a penitent, and of a pet...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    UNTO THE ENEMIES OF DAVID, i. e. Unto David himself. But because it might seem ominous and unnatural to curse himself, therefore by a figure called _euphemismus_, instead of David, he mentions David's...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    1 Samuel 25:22 God H430 do H6213 (H8799) so H3541 more H3254 (H8686) enemies H341 (H8802) David...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    ABIGAIL AVERTS DISASTER (1 SAMUEL 25:20). Abigail rides to meet David, takes all the guilt on herself, and begs him to show mercy, not only for her sake but for his own, so that he will not be guilty...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    ABIGAIL INFORMS NABAL OF WHAT HAS HAPPENED AND NABAL HAS A HEART ATTACK AND DIES (1 SAMUEL 25:6 B). On receiving news from Abigail about how close they had come to disaster Nabal had a stroke and die...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Samuel's death; David and Nabal. Abigail becomes David's wife, and also Ahinoam. CHARACTERS: God, David, Samuel, Nabal, Abigail. CONCLUSION: Let the believer be encouraged to commit his ca...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    1 Samuel 25:1. _Samuel died,_ four months, say the rabbins, before the death of Saul. The elders of the nation from all the tribes attended, to behold the glory of a setting sun, which left its lustre...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    1 SAMUEL—NOTE ON 1 SAMUEL 25:22 GOD DO SO TO THE ENEMIES OF DAVID AND MORE ALSO is a common conditional curse formula (as in 1 Samuel 3:17 and...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL AND EXPOSITORY NOTES— 1 Samuel 25:2. “MAON.” A city of Judah (Joshua 15:55), situated on a hill now called _Tell Main_, about seven or eight miles south of Hebron. It is now in ruins. “CARMEL...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION DEATH OF SAMUEL (1 Samuel 25:1). 1 SAMUEL 25:1 AND SAMUEL DIED. According to Josephus, Samuel had for eighteen years been contemporaneous with Saul's kingdom. If this calculation, which p...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    Now Samuel died; and all of the Israelites were gathered together, and lamenting him, and they buried him in his house at Ramah. And David arose, and went down to the wilderness of Paran. And there wa...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    1 Kings 14:10; 1 Kings 16:11; 1 Kings 21:21; 1 Samuel 14:44;...

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    Enemies of David — That is, unto David himself. But because it might seem ominous to curse himself, therefore instead of David, he mentions David's enemies. But is this the voice of David? Can he spea...

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