Daniel 8:13

one saint a holy one, i.e. an angel, as Daniel 4:13 (where see the note). So in the next line, and another holy one. In A.V. -saint" is used, in an application which is now obsolete, of the angels: see Deuteronomy 33:2; Job 5:1; Job 15:15; Psalms 89:5; Psalms 89:7; Zechariah 14:5; Judges 14, and probably 1 Thessalonians 3:13. But the term, as limited by modern usage, yields an incorrect sense; and hence, in all the passages quoted, except the last, -holy one(s)" has been substituted in R.V.

speaking What was said is not stated: but the question which follows shews that it had some reference to the vision which Daniel had just seen.

unto that certain one which spake The indef. expression is used (cf. 1 Samuel 21:3; Ruth 4:1), as the speaker could not be specified more closely.

How long(shall be) the vision? the continual (burnt-offering), and the transgression causing appalment, the giving both the sanctuary and the host(to be) trampled under foot?] The sentence (if the text is correct) is harshly constructed; but the words following -vision" must be understood to be in apposition with that word, and to indicate the contents of the vision. The rendering of LXX. might suggest that -taken away" had dropped out after -continual (burnt-offering)"; at any rate, whether actually read by the translators or not, this is a correct interpretation of the sense. -The transgression causing appalment" is the heathen worship established by Antiochus in the Temple, with special reference, perhaps (cf. Daniel 11:31; Daniel 12:11), to the heathen altar erected by him on the altar of burnt-offering in the Temple court, which was naturally an object of extreme abhorrence to the pious Jews (see 1Ma 1:47; 1Ma 1:51; 1Ma 1:54; 1Ma 1:59).

causing appalment] Except in Daniel, the word used means either laid waste, desolated[326] (Isaiah 49:8; Lamentations 1:4; Lamentations 1:13; Lamentations 1:16; Lamentations 3:11), or appalled1 (2 Samuel 13:20): but the passive sense is unsuitable both here, and in Daniel 9:27 (last word), Daniel 12:11; and the active, whether causing appalment, or causing desolation, being defensible (see Ges.-Kautzsch, §§ 55 c, f; 52 s; König, Lehrgebäude, ii. p. 106), must be adopted. Comp. Daniel 9:27; Daniel 11:31 (where a probable explanation of the expression is mentioned in the note), Daniel 12:11: and the note on p. 151.

[326] On the connexion between these two senses, see the note on Daniel 4:19. In the corresponding verb, the sense to be appalled, horror-struck, is common, as Jeremiah 2:12; Jeremiah 18:16; Ezekiel 26:16; Ezekiel 27:35 (A.V., R.V., be astonished).

the giving both] The meaning bothis uncommon, though instances occur: perhaps, with a redivision of the words (תתו קדש for תת וקדש), we should read - his giving the sanctuary," &c., or (Bevan, Marti) מתתו - since he hath given," &c.

the host i.e. the army, fig. of the Israelites, as in Daniel 8:10.

(to be) trampled under foot lit. (to be) a trampling(or treading down), exactly as Isaiah 10:6 (cf. R.V. marg.). See Daniel 8:10 end(where the figure is the same), 11 end.