I call heaven and earth to witness against you So Deuteronomy 30:19; Deuteronomy 31:28. Berth. points out that the older style is earth and heaven. In controversy between God and Israel nature is introduced as the executioner of His judgements, or as suffering these with man; or as illustrating the steady laws or principles on which God acts in the moral sphere; or as here (cp. Micah 6:1 ff.) as witnessing against man. Enduring, the heavens and earth, especially the mountains, have seen all the relations between God and man, and when His evils come will be able to testify that God had warned the people. But differently in Deuteronomy 32:1, q.v.

ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land Perish that is as a nation, Deuteronomy 7:4; Deuteronomy 11:17; Deuteronomy 28:20 and the deuteronomic Joshua 23:16. Soon, Deuteronomy 7:4; Deuteronomy 7:22; Deuteronomy 9:3; Deuteronomy 9:12; Deuteronomy 9:16; Deuteronomy 28:20.

whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it characteristic of the Pl. passages. See Introd. and on Deuteronomy 4:5; Deuteronomy 4:14and Deuteronomy 6:1.

ye shall not prolong your days Again, as a nation. In the Hex. only here and Deuteronomy 4:40; Deuteronomy 5:33; Deuteronomy 11:9; Deuteronomy 17:20; Deuteronomy 22:7; Deuteronomy 30:18; Deuteronomy 32:47; and passive, Deuteronomy 5:16; Deuteronomy 6:2; Deuteronomy 25:15. Cp. E, Joshua 24:31.

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