Exodus 34:17

Molten gods thou shalt not make thee] Cf. Leviticus 19:4 (H) -And molten gods ye shall not make you"; also, for the general thought, Exodus 20:23.

Vv.18 26 agree, for the most part verbally, with Exodus 13:13-14; Exodus 23:12; Exodus 23:15-19. The agreements and differences will be seen most clearly, if the two recensions are printed in parallel columns, with the differences in 34 marked either by italics or, where anything is omitted, by a space in the text.

Exodus 23:10-11. (The fallow year.) Exodus 23:12. Six days shalt thou do thy work: but on the seventh day thou shalt desist: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy bondmaid, and the sojourner, may be refreshed. Exodus 34:21. Six days shalt thou labour; but on the seventh day thou shalt desist: in plowing time and in harvest thou shalt desist. Exodus 23:13. And in all things that I have said unto you take ye heed: and make no mention of the name of other gods, neither let it be heard upon thy mouth. Cf. Exodus 34:14 a. For thou shalt not worship anyother god. Exodus 23:14. Three times (regâlim) thou shalt keep a feast unto me in the year. Exodus 23:15 a. The feast of unleavened cakes shalt thou keep. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened cakes, according as I commanded thee, at the appointed time in the month of Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt; Exodus 34:18. The feast of unleavened cakes shalt thou keep. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened cakes [Exodus 13:6 a], as I commanded thee, at the appointed time in the month of Abib; for in the month of Abibthou camest out from Egypt. Exodus 23:12. And thou shalt cause to pass over all that first openeth the womb unto Yahweh: and all that first openeth [the womb], the casting of beasts that thou shalt have, the males (shall be) Yahweh's: Exodus 34:19. All that first openeth the womb is mine: and all thy cattle that ismale, that which first openeth[the womb of ox and sheep: Exodus 23:13. and all that which first openeth [the womb] of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb [orkid]; and if thou dost not redeem it, thou shalt break its neck: and all the first-born of men among thy sons thou shalt redeem. Exodus 34:20. and that which first openeth [the womb] of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb [orkid]; and if thou dost not redeem it, thou shalt break its neck: all the first-born of thy sons thou shalt redeem. [Cf. Exodus 22:29 b The first-born of thy sons thou shalt give unto me.] Exodus 23:15 b … and none shall appear before me empty. And none shall appear before me empty. Exodus 23:16 … and the feast of harvest, the firstfruits of thy labours which thou sowest in the field; and the feast of ingathering at the going out of the year, when thou gatherest in thy labours out of the field. Exodus 34:22. And the feast of weeks thou shalt hold thee, the firstfruits of wheat harvest; and the feast of ingathering at the close ofthe year. Exodus 23:17. Three times (pe-âmim) in the year shall all thy males appear before (אל פני) the Lord Yahweh. Exodus 34:23. Three times (pe-âmim) in the year shall all thy males appear before (פני את) the Lord Yahweh, the God of Israel. 24. For I will dispossess nations before thee, and enlarge thy border; and no man shall desire thy land, when thou goest up to appear before(פניאת) Yahweh thy God, three times in the year. Exodus 23:18. Thou shalt not sacrifice with leavened bread the blood of my sacrifice; neither shall there remain all night the fat of my feast until morning. Exodus 34:25. Thou shalt not slaughterwith leavened bread the blood of my sacrifice: neither shall there remain all night unto themorning the sacrifice of thefeast of the passover. Exodus 23:19. The first of the firstfruits of thy ground thou shalt bring unto the house of Yahweh thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 34:26. The first of the firstfruits of thy ground thou shalt bring unto the house of Yahweh thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in its mother's milk. These are evidently two recensions of one and the same collection of laws. Neither can well be throughout in its original order, and later additions have almost certainly been introduced into both, Exodus 34:21 is obviously, where it stands, out of place, and is in a much better position in Exodus 23:12; Exodus 23:12 b and Exodus 34:21 b look like explanatory additions made to the same original law by two different compilers (comp. Exodus 20:11 with Deuteronomy 5:14 last clause, 15). Exodus 23:13 (see note ad loc.) reads like the conclusion of some collection of laws, no longer in its original place. Exodus 23:14; Exodus 23:17 would hardly both stand in a document written by a single hand: probably Exodus 23:17 has been introduced from Exodus 34:23. In Exodus 23:15 the words from Seven daysto appear before me emptyleave v.16 without a verb to govern it (in the ", Exodus 34:22, there is a fresh verb); and have probably been introduced here from Exodus 34:18; Exodus 34:19-20 (to redeem) seems to interrupt the connexion where it stands, and to be interpolated between Exodus 23:15 a and 15b: on the other hand, the first clause of Exodus 34:19 seems in form more original than the first clause of Exodus 13:12; Exodus 34:24 is pretty clearly a reflection of the compiler. The two recensions are derived evidently from a common original; but we cannot in all cases say how the differences between them arose. For notes upon the passage as a whole, the reader is referred to chs. 13 and 23: it will be sufficient here to comment on the more important expressions peculiar to ch. 34.