Ezekiel 38:1,2

The great array of Gog which Jehovah shall lead forth

2. set thy face against Gog Cf. Ezekiel 35:2-3. The meaning of the word Gog is obscure. Schrader (KAT. on the passage) refers to the name of the Lydian king Gyges, given as Gu-gu in the Assyr. inscriptions, on the one hand, and on the other to Gagi, name of the ruler of a country in the east, the situation of which is uncertain. This land apparently lay north of Assyria (Frd. Del. Par. p. 246 7).

Gog, the land of Magog i.e. in sense: Gog in (of) the land of Magog. Gog is the prince and Magog his country (Ezekiel 39:6). (In construction Magog is acc. of direction or in loose apposition to Gog, hardly gen. after the proper name).

the chief prince More probably: the prince of Rosh, Meshech &c., although a people or country Rosh may be impossible to identify. Of course any connexion between the name and Russian is to be rejected. Frd. Del. (Par. p. 322) refers to the land of Râsh (mât Ra-a-shi) of the inscriptions, situated on the borders of Elam on the Tigris. The geography of the prophet is no doubt vague and general, but this position as well as that of Gagi referred to above appears to lie too far east. The rendering "chief prince" would imply an unusual construction (chief-priest is different), and it is difficult to guess what chief prince or over-lord could mean. On Meshech, Tubal, cf. Ezekiel 27:13; Ezekiel 32:26.