Genesis 10:14

Pathrusim Clearly to be identified with Upper Egypt, "the southlanders." "The land of the midday," Egyptian Ptrsi, is the Pathros of Isaiah 11:11; Jeremiah 44:1; Jeremiah 44:15; Ezekiel 29:14; Ezekiel 30:14.

Casluhim Not known; LXX Χασμωνιείμ, which has caused Max Müller to conjecture Nasamonim, a tribe in the vicinity of the great oasis of Ammon. Cf. 1 Chronicles 1:12.

(whence went forth the Philistines), and Caphtorim The parenthetical clause within the brackets seems to be out of place. According to Deuteronomy 2:23; Jeremiah 47:4; Amos 9:7 the Philistines came out of Caphtor. Accordingly, we may conjecture the clause originally stood after the word "Caphtorim," and has been accidentally transposed. On the other hand, this explanation seems so obvious, that some scholars consider that the clause "whence … the Philistines" is in its right place, but that the words "and Caphtorim" are only a gloss on the mention of "the Philistines."

the Philistines Heb. Pelishtim, identified by many Assyriologists with the Purasati, a predatory horde which established itself in the 13th century b.c. in the south of Phoenicia. On the origin of the Philistines, see Macalister's Excavations at Gezer(Pal. Ex. Fund, 1912).

Caphtorim The people of Caphtor which has commonly been identified with Crete. The only traces of real artistic work found at Gezer by Macalister were Minoan in character.