Take with you words It is one of the most undoubtedly ancient of the religious laws of the Pentateuch that -none shall appear before Jehovah empty" (Exodus 23:15; Exodus 34:20). What gift then will be most acceptable from the Israelites to their heavenly King? The answer that will naturally rise to the lips of a half-converted Israelite will be -sacrifice and burnt-offering" (see note on Hosea 5:6); but the prophet in his present mood cherishes the belief that Israel's repentance will after all not be as superficial as he once feared (contrast Hosea 5:6). He therefore urges his people, after the bitter lessons of experience, to take as their offering, not cattle, but penitent words spoken out of the abundance of the heart.

Take away all iniquity Rather, Altogether forgive Iniquity. The form of the Hebrew is singular, but not unparalleled.

receive us graciously Rather, accept the good; -for it is good to sing praises unto our God" (Psalms 147:1).

render the calves of our lips Or, -pay (as if with) bullocks (with) our lips." Thus the Israelites are converted at last to the principle of chap. 6 Hosea 14:6. It is a very strange expression, however, and Archbishop Newcome may be right in preferring the reading of the Septuagint (comp. Hebrews 13:15), pay the fruit of our lips, which is a choice Hebrew phrase (Isaiah 57:19). The -fruit" is of course praise and thanksgiving, or vows of obedience (Psalms 50:13-14; Psalms 69:30-31).

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