Isaiah 9:2

have seen the perfects throughout are those of prophetic certainty; the writer is transported into the future.

the shadow of death Heb. çal-mâveth, usually held by scholars to be a corruption of çalmûth("shadow" simply). But the traditional etymology is forcibly defended by Nöldeke in Zeitschr. f. A.T. Wiss., 1897, pp. 183 f.