James 5:4

Behold, the hire of the labourers The evil was one of old standing in Judæa. The law had condemned those who kept back the wages of the hired labourer even for a single night (Leviticus 19:13). Jeremiah (Jeremiah 22:13) had uttered a woe against him "that useth his neighbour's service without wages." Malachi (James 3:5) had spoken of the swift judgment that should come on those who "oppressed the hireling in his wages." The grasping avarice that characterized the latter days of Judaism shewed itself in this form of oppression among others.

are entered into the ears of the Lord of sabaoth The divine Name thus used was pre-eminently characteristic of tie language of the Prophets. It does not appear at all in the Pentateuch, nor in Joshua, Judges, or Ruth; and probably took its rise in the Schools of the Prophets, founded by Samuel. Whether its primary meaning was that Jehovah was the God of all the armies of earth, the God, as we say, of battles, or that He ruled over the armies of the stars of heaven, or over the unseen hosts of angels, or was wide enough, as seems probable, to include all three ideas, is a question which cannot be very definitely answered. It is characteristic of St James that he gives the Hebrew form of the word, as also St Paul does in citing Isaiah 1:9 in Romans 9:29. For the most part the LXX. renders it by "Almighty" (Pantokratôr), and in this form it appears in Revelation 4:8, where "Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty" answers to "Lord God of sabaoth," or "of hosts" in Isaiah 6:3. This title is specially characteristic of Malachi, in whom it occurs not less than 23 times.