Jeremiah 49:23

Damascus Damascus was for a long time held by a powerful dynasty of kings, who reduced the other cities under their own sway.

Hamath Hama, on the Orontes, 110 miles N. of Damascus.

Arpad Tell-Erfad, 95 miles N. of Hamath, and often mentioned (e.g. 2Ki 18:34; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 10:9) along with it. Both names occur frequently on Assyrian monuments.

sorrow(mg. care) on the sea The mention of "sea" (perhaps arising from the influence of Isaiah 57:20) is quite unsuitable topographically to this context. Co. emends to "they are melted away there from care." But Dr."s emendation is better, viz. because of care, like the sea, they cannot rest.