Leviticus 16 - Introduction
THE DAY OF ATONEMENT The regulations for the observance of an annual rite of expiation follow appropriately after the laws of purification contained in chs. 11 15.... [ Continue Reading ]
THE DAY OF ATONEMENT The regulations for the observance of an annual rite of expiation follow appropriately after the laws of purification contained in chs. 11 15.... [ Continue Reading ]
On the introductory clauses see App. I (_d_), pp. 163 ff.... [ Continue Reading ]
_The ritual to be observed_(1 28) 2. _into the holy place within the veil_ the veil (_pârôketh_), which separates the -holy place" from the -most holy" (here called -the holy place within …"), cp. Exodus 26:31-33. _the mercy-seat_ Heb. _kappôreth_, here and in Leviticus 16:13, a solid gold plate of... [ Continue Reading ]
_Herewith_ with the offerings and ceremonies set forth in what follows.... [ Continue Reading ]
The linen garments here mentioned are the garments described in Exodus 28:39-43. Cp. Leviticus 16:23.... [ Continue Reading ]
The two he-goats are described as one Sin-Offering.... [ Continue Reading ]
The animals for the Sin-Offerings are presented -before the Lord." The verb in Leviticus 16:7, -and set them," is different from that in Leviticus 16:6, -and Aaron shall present"; after the lots are cast, Aaron -presents" the goat -upon which the lot fell for the Lord" (Leviticus 16:9). No distincti... [ Continue Reading ]
_for Azazel for the scapegoat_, A.V. For this peculiar feature of the Day of Atonement see Appendix V, pp. 185 ff.... [ Continue Reading ]
_to make atonement for_(mg. _over) him_ The meaning of this phrase is obscure. It probably refers to some ceremony of atonement performed over the goat, before being sent into the wilderness. Kennedy (_ad loc_.) suggests that it was an early purification rite, here reintroduced, but otherwise unknow... [ Continue Reading ]
According to the Mishna (Tal. Bab. _Yoma_), the high priest on presenting his bullock (Leviticus 16:6) made a confession of sin to which the people answered -Blessed be the Name of the glory of His Kingdom for ever and ever." He cast lots upon the goats, and declared which was for the Lord, and they... [ Continue Reading ]
_the testimony_ - _çduth_, always with the definite article, except in the Psalms. This was something put into the ark, Exodus 25:16; Exodus 25:21; Exodus 40:20; cp. -which I shall give thee," Exodus 25:16, with Exodus 31:18, -And he gave unto Moses … the two tables of the testimony." They are so ca... [ Continue Reading ]
_for_(_in) the holy place_ by -the holy place," here distinguished from the -tent of meeting" as in Leviticus 16:20_; Leviticus 16:23_, is meant the Holy of Holies, and so in Leviticus 16:2_; Leviticus 16:27_. The tent of meeting which was among an unclean people required periodical cleansing. The a... [ Continue Reading ]
_And he shall go out unto the altar that is before the Lord_ The Mishna sees here a reference to the golden altar (_Yoma_, 58 _b_), but this must be questioned: throughout this chapter -the altar" is mentioned, and in Leviticus 16:12, where it undoubtedly means the altar of Burnt-Offering, it is des... [ Continue Reading ]
_when he hath made an end of atoning_ The three things mentioned here indicate the order in which the atonement was made for the holy place (i.e. the Holy of Holies); the tent of meeting (the outer part of it) and the altar (outside the tabernacle) and the course of the high priest was from W. to E.... [ Continue Reading ]
The words of confession are given (p. 92) from the Mishna. _a man that is in readiness a fit man_, A.V., one _appointed_(as R.V. mg.) for the purpose. In the time of the second temple, one that was not an Israelite was usually chosen (Tal. Bab. _Yoma_, 66 _a_and _b_).... [ Continue Reading ]
The goat that was sent away was a symbol of the entire removal of the sins for which the blood of the sacrificed animals had already made atonement (Leviticus 16:14_; Leviticus 16:18_). In Leviticus 16:20 it is expressly said that the high priest had _made an end_of atoning. _a solitary land_ Heb.... [ Continue Reading ]
The high priest now removed the special garments in which he had performed the service of the day, and after again washing, put on the usual high priestly garments (Exodus 28) and offered the Burnt-Offerings. In Numbers 29:7-10 a young bullock and seven he-lambs of the first year are also prescribed... [ Continue Reading ]
_And … shall he burn_ The position of this verse has been the subject of much comment. In Leviticus 16:11 no definite instruction has been given to burn the fat portions of the Sin-Offerings, but the manner in which the blood of the victims should be applied for the purification of the sanctuary and... [ Continue Reading ]
The bullock and the goat for the Sin-Offerings were not eaten, as their blood had been brought into the holy place (Leviticus 6:30). They were carried forth and burnt in the fire. The ordinary Heb. word for -burn" is here used the burning was not sacrificial. The Sin-Offering was most holy (Leviticu... [ Continue Reading ]
_in the seventh month_, etc.] A certain sanctity attached to the day which closed the first decade of the month. See Driver on Exodus 12:3. In view of the fact that the Feast of Ingathering was placed five days later, Dillm. suggests that from very early times there may have existed a ceremonial of... [ Continue Reading ]
_Statute of yearly atonement_(29 34) On the annual Day of Atonement the people are to practise self-denial and to abstain from work. According to Benzinger this section forms an original and independent law (with the exception of 34 _b_), involving a simple rite for expiation of guilt, and afterwar... [ Continue Reading ]
_a sabbath of solemn rest_ Heb. _shabbath shabbâthôn_, here and Leviticus 23:32 of the Day of Atonement; Exodus 31:15; Exodus 35:2; Leviticus 23:3 of the sabbath; Leviticus 25:4 of the sabbatical year. _Shabbâthôn_is used of the first day of the seventh month, Leviticus 23:24, and of the first and e... [ Continue Reading ]
_shall be consecrated_ See on Leviticus 8:33.... [ Continue Reading ]
_all the people of the assembly_ An unusual expression, contrasting them with the priests who were also members of it.... [ Continue Reading ]