Leviticus 24:1-23. Regulations, Ceremonial and Moral (H and P) The separation of materials derived from different sources in this ch. is fairly simple. P as in ch. 23, takes a prominent place. Leviticus 24:1 clearly belong to the Priestly Code. Their tone is that of P throughout, and the passage co... [ Continue Reading ]
These _vv._agree almost _verbatim_with Exodus 27:20 f. The care of the lamps is also enjoined in Exodus 25:31 ff.; cp. Exodus 37:17 ff.... [ Continue Reading ]
_beaten_ i.e. skimmed off the liquid obtained by pounding the olives in a mortar and then straining the pulp.... [ Continue Reading ]
_the testimony_ the attestation, affirmation of God's will, which was contained on the Tables of Stone, within the Holy of Holies. _tent of meeting_ See p. 1 and Driver (_C.B._) on Exodus 27:21. _Aaron_ The LXX. have -Aaron and his sons," as in the parallel in Exod.... [ Continue Reading ]
The _v._-has somewhat the air of a later addition to make the directions quite plain" (_Oxf. Hex._). For -continually" the LXX. have -until the morning.... [ Continue Reading ]
_twelve cakes_ Though probably alluding in the Jewish ritual to the number of the tribes, the original reference in the corresponding Babylonian rite was doubtless to the signs of the zodiac. See Zimmern, _Beiträge zur Kenntniss d. Babylon. Religion_, p. 94, for a Babylonian parallel. _cakes_ most... [ Continue Reading ]
_The ordering of the shewbread_ Cp. Exodus 25:30; Exodus 37:10 ff.; Numbers 4:7. The -twelve cakes" are not here given this name. For its origin and for parallels to the custom in other religions, see Driver, Exodus 25:30, and _HDB. s.v._The undoubtedly correct rendering is presence-bread (lit. bre... [ Continue Reading ]
_rows … row_ rather, as R.V. mg., _piles_. So the word -shewbread" should be rendered _pile-bread_in 1Ch 9:32; 1 Chronicles 23:29; Nehemiah 10:33. _the pure table_ i.e. overlaid with pure gold (Exodus 25:24). For a reproduction of the familiar likeness of it as depicted on the Arch of Titus in the... [ Continue Reading ]
_frankincense_ The LXX. add -and salt," apparently in view of the rule in Leviticus 2:13. According to a tradition preserved by Josephus (_Ant._iii. 10. 7) the frankincense was not poured on the bread, but placed beside it in two golden bowls. _an offering made by fire_ The frankincense was burnt o... [ Continue Reading ]
_they shall eat it_ The Tal. Bab. (_Sukkah_56 _a_) says that half was eaten by the outgoing and half by the incoming division of priests.... [ Continue Reading ]
Incident of the blasphemer, and laws arising out of that occurrence or suggested by it. This section closely resembles Numbers 15:32-36, which relates the punishment of the man found gathering sticks on the sabbath day. The blasphemer was only half Israelite; according to Deuteronomy 23:8 children... [ Continue Reading ]
_blasphemed the Name_ The Heb. verb denotes -to indicate by name" either honourably or with reproach. In the latter sense it is used in Numbers 23:8; Proverbs 11:26, etc., and obviously must be so interpreted here. But the Jews, taking the word in its more general sense, understood the passage as fo... [ Continue Reading ]
_that it might be declared unto them at the mouth of theLord_ more exact than the A.V. -that the mind of the Lord might be shewn them.... [ Continue Reading ]
_let all that heard him lay their hands upon his head_ Cp. the inclusion of the witnesses in the account of the stoning of St Stephen (Acts 7:58).... [ Continue Reading ]
_all … stone him_ probably to be attributed to P or R p [72], as the original word for -congregation" is not found elsewhere in H. [72] A Reviser, who, probably after that collection had been combined with the Priestly Code, introduced further elements from that Code. The occurrence just related h... [ Continue Reading ]
There is no exact parallel for this direction in Exodus 21-23. Exodus 21:33-34 is dealing with a different case.... [ Continue Reading ]
Cp. Exodus 21:23-25. The _lex talionis_or law of retaliation bulks largely in the Code of Hammurabi (_op. cit._), e.g. in the case of human life, §§ 116, 210, 219, 229; of tooth for tooth, § 200; of eye for eye, § 196; and so of ox for ox, §§ 245, 263; of sheep for sheep, § 263; and of goods for goo... [ Continue Reading ]
A repetition, introduced apparently in order to emphasize the direction to exercise no discrimination (Leviticus 24:22) between -the stranger" and the -homeborn." P repeatedly urges this matter. Cp. Exodus 12:49; Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 17:15, etc.... [ Continue Reading ]