Leviticus 7:11

which one shall offer i.e. anyone who desires to bring this kind of offering; where there is no emphasis on the subject, the passive is generally employed in English, - which may be offered."

The Peace-Offering comes in this collection of torothafter the Sin and Guilt-Offerings, either because the -most holy" things are placed first, or because the Peace-Offering is treated at greater length than the others. The text is not above suspicion; the omission by the LXX. in Leviticus 7:12 is noticed below, and the frequent occurrences of the Heb. prep. -al, translated -for" and -with" in Leviticus 7:12, and -with" twice in Leviticus 7:13, are noted by Wellh., who remarks (Hist. of Isr. p. 69, note 1): -the suspicion very readily occurs that Leviticus 7:12 is an authentic interpretation prefixed, to obviate beforehand the difficulty presented by Leviticus 7:13, and that similarly the first -alin Leviticus 7:13 is also a later correction which does not harmonize well by any means with the second." This criticism is endorsed by Berth. KHCLev. p. 22, and Bibl. Theol. d. A. T. ii.P.350.

The Peace-Offering may be brought for three reasons:

(a) For thanksgiving (Leviticus 7:12), to commemorate deliverance from sickness or danger. In Psalms 107, after mentioning perils out of which the Lord delivers man, the Psalmist says -let them offer the sacrifices of thanksgiving" (Leviticus 7:22). These are quoted in Tal. Bab. Berǎchoth54 bas occasions on which the Lord must be openly praised (cf. Leviticus 7:22; Leviticus 7:32of the Ps., and Psalms 56:12).

(b) In fulfilment of a vow (Leviticus 7:16, cp. Psalms 56:12; Psalms 66:13-14; Psalms 116:12-19), when a man promises to bring an offering to the Lord, if He deliver him out of his distress.

(c) As a freewill offering (Leviticus 7:16, cp. Psalms 54:6) when the heart is moved by the remembrance of God's tender mercies (Psalms 95:1-2; Psalms 103:1-5) to bring an oblation. Offerings for vows and freewill offerings are mentioned in Leviticus 22:18; Leviticus 22:21; Leviticus 22:23; Numbers 15:3; a sacrifice of thanksgiving in Leviticus 22:29. On the distinction between the three kinds see note on Leviticus 22:23.