When I wept, (and chastened) my soul with fasting,

It was turned to reproaches for me:

When I made sackcloth my clothing,

I became a byword unto them.

In shame and penitence for the dishonour done by his countrymen to God, he fasted and mourned; but they only mocked and derided him for doing what they ought to have done themselves (Jeremiah 4:8; Jeremiah 6:26).

The construction of the first line is anomalous. Probably the word for -wept" is a corruption of some word for -humbled" (Psalms 35:13) or -chastened." For bywordcp. Psalms 44:14.

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