Romans 16:23

Gaius The same Latin name as Caius. This Gaius may be the same as Gaius of Macedonia, (Acts 19:29,) or as Gaius of Derbe, (Acts 20:4;) and again the Gaius of 2 John may be identical with either of these. But the name was exceedingly common.

We may be fairly sure that the Gaius here and the Gaius of 1 Corinthians 1:14 are the same. In this Christian's house St Paul seems to have lodged on this visit to Corinth; and it was a house ever open to Christian guests. Perhaps the words "and of the whole church" mean that St Paul's stay with Gaius led to a large concourse of other Christian visitors there, whether Corinthian residents or not.

Erastus A Greek name. This was probably not the Erastus of Acts 19:22, (and probably also of 2 Timothy 4:20,) who was an assistant to St Paul, like Timotheus.

chamberlain Better, treasurer. Erastus stands almost alone in the apostolic history as a convert from the dignified ranks. Cp. Acts 17:34, and perhaps Acts 13:12. See 1 Corinthians 1:26.

the city Corinth. The brief phrase indicates the eminence of the place whence the letter is written. See Introduction, ii. § 1.

Quartus A Latin name; (in its Greek form here, Kouartos.) Possibly Quartus, like Tertius, was a Roman. We know him only from this verse.

a brother Lit. the brother; i.e. "our fellow-Christian."