College Press Bible Study Textbook Series
Luke 22 - Introduction
Butler's Comments
Chapter Twenty-two
THE SON OF MAN PREPARING HIS APOSTLES FOR HIS DEATH
IDEAS TO INVESTIGATE:
1.
What implications concerning the Biblical teaching that man has a free will does the statement, Then Satan entered into Judas.. have (Luke 22:3)?
2.
What was involved in preparing the Passover (Luke 22:1-13)?
3.
Was Jesus indicating He would observe the Lord's Supper with them at some future time when He said, I shall not drink. until the kingdom of God comes.. ? What future time was He indicating (Luke 22:18)?
4.
Why, after chastizing the apostles about seeking positions of honor, did Jesus immediately promise them they would sit on thrones judging Israel (Luke 22:30)?
5.
Why did Jesus, the Prince of Peace, order the apostles to buy swords (Luke 22:36)?
6.
Was Jesus trying to evade the cross in His prayer in Gethsemane (Luke 22:42)?
7.
After the Lord has counseled the apostles to arm themselves with swords, why did He forbid them to use them at His arrest (Luke 22:51)?
8.
Did Peter deny he was a follower of Jesus because he was afraid of dying (Luke 22:57)?
9.
What would the chief priests not answer should Jesus ask them (Luke 22:68)?
10.
How would the Son of man be seated at the right hand of the power of God (Luke 22:69)?
Applebury's Comments
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
A.
Luke told about the events that preceded the betrayal and arrest of Jesus (Luke 22:1-46).
1.
The search for a way to kill Him (Luke 22:1-6).
a)
The time: Feast of unleavened bread, the Passover.
b)
The conspirators: Chief priests and scribes.
c)
The instigator and his agent: Satan and Judas Iscariot.
d).
The plan: Judas was to deliver Him to them for an agreed price. He was to do it without arousing the people.
2.
The last Passover feast (Luke 22:7-38).
a)
Peter and John were sent to make the necessary preparations (Luke 22:7-13).
b)
Jesus and the disciples sat down to eat the Passover (Luke 22:14-38).
(1)
Jesus told of His desire to eat this Passover as it was to be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. (Luke 22:14-16).
(2)
He explained the significance of the Passover cup (Luke 22:17-18). He would not drink it again until the kingdom of God should come.
(3)
He instituted the Lord's supper which was to be kept in memory of Him (Luke 22:19-20).
(a)
The bread represents His body.
(b)
The cup represents the new covenant in His blood.
(4)
He pointed out the traitor (Luke 22:21-22). The disciples wondered which of them it would be.
(5)
He settled the question as to which of them was the greatest (Luke 22:24-30).
(a)
The standard of Gentile kings contrasted with His: Oppression vs. humble service.
(b)
The kingdom in which they would judge the twelve tribes of Israel.
(6)
He warned Simon Peter about Satan's desire to have them and predicted Peter's denial. (Luke 22:31-34).
(7)
He told the disciples what to expect on their next mission: The need for a sword (Luke 22:35-38).
3.
The agony in Gethsemane (Luke 22:39-46).
a)
The disciples warned.
b)
The prayer for the cup to be removed.
c)
The strengthening by the angels.
d)
The sweat that became like drops of blood.
e)
The warning repeated to the sleeping disciples: Pray that you enter not into temptation.
B.
Luke told about the betrayal and arrest of Jesus (Luke 22:47-65).
1.
The traitor's kiss (Luke 22:47-53).
a)
Jesus challenged Judas: Are you betraying the Son of man with a kissa sign of friendship?
b)
The disciples offered to defend Him; Peter struck off the ear of the high priest's servant.
c)
Jesus challenged the action of the priests, but it was their hour, the hour of darkness.
2.
The arrest (Luke 22:54-65).
a)
Jesus was led to the high priest's house; Peter followed from a distance (Luke 22:54).
b)
Peter denied three times that he knew Jesus (Luke 22:55-60).
c)
The Lord looked at Peter; he left, weeping bitterly (Luke 22:61-62).
d)
Jesus was mocked and reviled by His captors (Luke 22:63-65).
C.
Luke told about the trial of Jesus before the Jews (Luke 22:66-71).
1.
The convening of the court of elders, chief priests and scribes (Luke 22:66).
2.
The trial (Luke 22:67-69).
a)
The court's question: If you are the Christ, tell us.
b)
Jesus-' answer: If I tell you you won-'t believe; if I ask, you won-'t answer.
c)
Jesus statement of His position: The Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God.
d)
The court's second question: Are you, then, the Son of God?
e)
Jesus-' answer: You say that I am.
3.
Their verdict (Luke 22:70).
a)
No further testimony needed.
b)
We have heard from his own mouth.
Summary
The enemies of Jesus had long since determined that He must be destroyed. They were only searching for a way to get it done without arousing the people. The feast, they thought, would be a poor time. But Satan, the chief conspirator, showed them how it could be done even during the Passover. He entered the heart of Judas who bargained for the thirty pieces of silver to deliver Jesus into their hands. He knew the place; he knew how to get the thing done quietly.
Jesus, of course, was well aware of what was going on. He had told the disciples that He must die in Jerusalem. He was eager to eat the last passover with them, for He would soon become the Lamb that would be sacrificed for the sins of the people. At the feast He pointed out the traitor.
Jesus instituted the Lord's supper that the disciples might be caused to remember His death for them until He comes again.
But the disciples were still thinking of an earthly kingdom. They began to argue about which of them was to be the greatest. Jesus again reminded them that true greatness was to be found in the humble servant. He had set the example for them. And they would see times when they would need to remember this lesson. Satan had desired to have all of them. He must have thought that all of them could be bought as Judas had been. Jesus-' supplication for Peter did not prevent his denying that he had ever known such a person as Jesus, but it did leave the way open for his return.
The agony of Gethsemane brought Jesus near physical death. He asked that the cupwas it the cross or death in Gethsemane?be removed, but was willing to submit to the Father's will. Angels strengthened Him and He finished His work as He gave Himself to die that man might be saved.
After the arrest in the Garden, Jesus was taken hurriedly through a three-fold Jewish trial. The Jews convinced themselves that they had found the excuse for putting Him to death. In their minds He was guilty of blasphemy.
Questions
1.
What is the feast of unleavened bread?
2.
What is the relation of the Passover to the feast of unleavened bread?
3.
When did the Jews decide that Jesus had to be put to death?
4.
Why hadn-'t they carried out their plot to kill Him?
5.
What were they looking for at this time?
6.
How had Satan entered into the heart of Judas?
7.
In the light of what God said to the serpent in the Garden, why did Satan use Judas to bring about the death of Jesus?
8.
What was God's purpose in the death of Jesus?
9.
Why had Jesus called Judas a devil? How different from demon?
10.
What was Judas-' motive in betraying Jesus?
11.
Where did the betrayal take place?
12.
What evidence according to the Scriptures is there to suggest that Jesus was crucified on Friday? On what day did the resurrection take place?
13.
What is suggested as to the supernatural knowledge of Jesus in the account of the preparation for the passover?
14.
What evidence is there to show that Jesus and the disciples ate the passover meal at the regular time?
15.
Why did Jesus say that He had earnestly desired to eat this passover meal?
16.
In what way was it fulfilled in the kingdom of God?
17.
How is the significance of the Lord's supper suggested by the fact that it was instituted at the passover meal?
18.
What is the meaning of the cup? the bread?
19.
How was the traitor pointed out?
20.
What caused the argument about the greatest in the kingdom?
21.
How did Jesus settle it?
22.
What is meant by the fact that the apostles were to sit on twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel?
23.
Why had Satan asked to have the apostles?
24.
What did Jesus-' supplication for Peter do for him?
25.
What instruction did Jesus give Peter in view of the trials through which he was to go?
26.
What caused Peter to deny his Lord?
27.
What may be said about Peter's loyalty?
28.
Why did Jesus say that the two swords were enough?
29.
How did Judas know where Jesus would be?
30.
What was the condition of Jesus as He entered the Garden?
31.
What were the words of His prayer?
32.
To what cup did He refer? What are the various views?
33.
What bearing does Jesus-' prayer at the time the Greeks came seeking Him have on the meaning of the cup? (John 12:27).
34.
Why did Judas betray Jesus with the kiss?
35.
What did Jesus mean by asking Judas about the kiss?
36.
How is the arrest accounted for?
37.
What are the three phases of the Jewish trial?
38.
What led Peter to follow and to deny his Lord?
39.
What effect did Jesus have on Peter by looking at him?
40.
What was the final decision of the Jews? On what charge?