1._When Jesus bad spoken these words. _In this narrative John passes by many things which the other three Evangelists relate, and he does so on purposej as his intention was to collect many things worthy of being recorded, about which they say nothing; and, therefore, let the reader go to the other... [ Continue Reading ]
3._Judeas, therefore, having received a band of soldiers. _That _Judeas _came accompanied by soldiers and by so large a retinue, is a sign of a bad conscience, which always trembles without any cause. It is certain that the _band of soldiers _was borrowed from the governor, who also sent a captain a... [ Continue Reading ]
4._Jesus therefore, hnowing. _The Evangelist states more clearly with what readiness Christ went forward to death, but, at the same time, describes the great power which he exercised by a single word, in order to inform us that wicked men had no power over him, except so far as he gave permission.... [ Continue Reading ]
5._It is I. _He replies mildly that he is the person _whom they seek, _and yet, as if they had been struck down by a violent tempest, or rather by a thunderbolt, he lays them prostrate on the ground. There was no want of power in him, therefore, to restrain their hands, if he had thought proper; but... [ Continue Reading ]
7._He therefore asked them again. _Hence it appears what is the powerful effect of that blindness with which God strikes the minds of wicked men, and how dreadful is their stupidity, when, by a just judgment of God, they have been bewitched by Satan. Oxen and asses, if they fall, are touched with so... [ Continue Reading ]
8._I have told you that it is I. _Here we see how the Son of God not only submits to death of his own accord, that by his obedience he may blot out our transgressions, but also how he discharges the office of a good Shepherd in protecting his flock. He sees the attack of the wolves, and does not wai... [ Continue Reading ]
9._I have lost none. _This passage appears to be inappropriately quoted, as it relates to their souls rather than to their bodies; for Christ did not keep the apostles safe to the last, but this he accomplished, that, amidst incessant dangers, and even in the midst of death, still their eternal salv... [ Continue Reading ]
10._Then Simon Peter, having a sword, drew it. _The Evangelist now describes the foolish zeal _of Peter, _who attempted to defend his Master in an unlawful manner. Boldly and courageously, indeed, he incurs great risk on Christ’s account; but as he does not consider what his calling demands, and wha... [ Continue Reading ]
11._Put up thy sword into the sheath. _By this command Christ reproves Peter’s action. But we must attend to the reason, which is, that a private individual was not permitted to rise in opposition to those who had been invested with public authority; for this may be inferred from the other three Eva... [ Continue Reading ]
12._Then the band of soldiers and the captain. _It might be thought strange that Christ, who laid the soldiers prostrate on the ground by a single word, now allows himself to be _taken; _for if he intended at length to surrender to his enemies, what need was there for performing such a miracle? But... [ Continue Reading ]
13._And led him away to Annas first. _The other Evangelists omit this circumstance, because it does not greatly affect the substance of the narrative; for nothing was done there that was worthy of being recorded. Perhaps the convenience of the place induced them to imprison Christ in the house of An... [ Continue Reading ]
14._Who had given counsel to the Jews. _The Evangelist repeats the opinion of Caiaphas, which formerly came under our notice; (136) for God employed the foul mouth of a wicked and treacherous _high priest _to utter a prediction, (John 11:50,) just as he guided the tongue of the prophet Baham, contra... [ Continue Reading ]
15._And another disciple. _Some have been led astray, by a slight conjecture, to suppose that this _disciple _was the Evangelist (139) John, because he is accustomed to speak of himself without mentioning his name. But what intimacy with a proud _high priest _could John have, who was a mean fisherma... [ Continue Reading ]
17._Then the maid that kept the door said to Peter. Peter _is introduced into the high priest’s hall; but it cost him very dear, for, as soon as he sets his foot within it, he is constrained to deny Christ. When he stumbles so shamefully at the first step, the foolishness of his boasting is exposed.... [ Continue Reading ]
18._And Simon Peter was standing with them. _When the evangelist adds that _Peter was standing near the fire, along with the others and servants, _this serves to connect the various parts of the narrative, as we shall afterwards see. But this shows how great was Peter’s stupidity, when, without the... [ Continue Reading ]
19._The high priest then asked Jesus. The high priest _interrogates Christ, as if he had been some seditious person, who had split the Church into parties by collecting _disciples; _and he interrogates him as if he had been a false prophet, who had endeavored to corrupt the purity of the faith by ne... [ Continue Reading ]
20._I spoke openly in the world. _It is a childish error into which some have fallen, who think that this reply of Christ condemns those who expound the word of God in private apartments, when the tyranny of wieked men does not allow them to expound it publicly; for Christ does not argue as to what... [ Continue Reading ]
22._When he had said these things. _This is added, in order to inform us, first, how great was the rage of the enemies of Christ, and how tyrannical their government was; and, secondly, what sort of discipline existed among those priests. They sit like judges, but they are as cruel as ferocious beas... [ Continue Reading ]
23._If I have spoken evil. _That is, “If I have sinned, accuse me, that, when the cause has been tried, I may be punished according to the offense; for this is not a lawful mode of procedure, but very different order and very different modesty ought to be maintained in judicial courts.” Christ compl... [ Continue Reading ]
24._Now Annas had sent him bound. _This sentence must be read by way of parenthesis; for, having said that Christ was taken to the house of Annas, and having continued his narrative, as if the assembly of the priests had been held there, the Evangelist now reminds the reader that Christ was taken fr... [ Continue Reading ]
25._He denied it. _How shocking the stupidity of Peter, who, after having denied his Master, not only has no feeling of repentance, but hardens himself by the very indulgence he takes in sinning! If each of them in his turn had asked him, he would not have hesitated to deny his Master a thousand tim... [ Continue Reading ]
27._Immediately the coch crew. _The Evangelist mentions _the crowing of the coch, _in order to inform us, that Peter was warned by God at the very time; and for this reason the other Evangelists tell us, that _he then remembered the words of the Lord, _(Matthew 26:75; Mark 14:72,) though Luke relate... [ Continue Reading ]
28._Then they lead Jesus. _That trial, which the Evangelist mentions, took place before daybreak; and yet there can be no doubt, that they had their bellows at work throughout the whole of the city to inflame the people. Thus the rage of the people was suddenly kindled, as if all, with one consent,... [ Continue Reading ]
29._Pilate therefore went out to them. _This heathen is not unwilling to encourage a superstition, which he ridicules and despises; but in the main point of the cause, he performs the duty of a good judge, when he orders them, if they have any accusation, to bring it forward. The priests, on the oth... [ Continue Reading ]
30._If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him to thee. _They indirectly complain of Pilate, that he has not a proper reliance on their integrity. “Why do you not, without further concerns” say they, “hold it to be certain, that the person whom we prosecute deserves to die?” Such i... [ Continue Reading ]
31._According to your law. _Pilate, offended by their barbarous and violent proceedings, undoubtedly reproaches them by stating that this form of condemnation, which they were eager to carry into effcct, was at variance with the common law of all nations and with the feelings of mankind; and, at the... [ Continue Reading ]
32._That the word of Jesus might be fulfilled. _Finally, the Evangelist adds, that it was necessary that this should be done, in order that the prediction which Christ had uttered might be fulfilled, The Son of man shall be delivered into the hands of the Gentiles, (Matthew 20:19.) And, indeed, if... [ Continue Reading ]
33._Then Pilate went again into the hall. _It is probable that many things were said on both sides, which the Evangelist passes over; and this conclusion might be readily drawn from the other Evangelists. But John dwells chiefly on a single point, that Pilate made a laborious inquiry whether Christ... [ Continue Reading ]
36._My kingdom is not of this world. _By these words he acknowledges that he is _a king, _but, so far as was necessary to prove his innocence, he clears himself of the calumny; for he declares, that there is no disagreement between his kingdom and political government or order; (154) as if he had sa... [ Continue Reading ]
37._Thou sayest that I am a king. _Although Pilate had already learned, from the former answer, that Christ claims for himself some sort of kingdom, yet now Christ asserts the same thing more firmly; and, not satisfied with this, he makes an additional statement, which serves for a seal, as it were,... [ Continue Reading ]
38._What is truth? _Some think that Pilate puts this question through curiosity, as irreligious men are sometimes accustomed to be eagerly desirous of learning something that is new to them, and yet do not know why they wish it; for they intend nothing more than to gratify their ears. For my own par... [ Continue Reading ]
39._But you have a custom. _Pilate was all along pondering in what way he might save Christ’s life; but, the people being so fiercely enraged, he attempted to keep a middle path, in order to allay their fury; for he thought that it would be enough if Christ, being dismissed _as a malefactor, _were m... [ Continue Reading ]