2 Kings 5:1-27
1 Now Naaman, captain of the host of the king of Syria, was a great man witha his master, and honourable, because by him the LORD had given deliverance unto Syria: he was also a mighty man in valour, but he was a leper.
2 And the Syrians had gone out by companies, and had brought away captive out of the land of Israel a little maid; and she waited on Naaman's wife.
3 And she said unto her mistress, Would God my lord were withb the prophet that is in Samaria! for he would recover him of his leprosy.
4 And one went in, and told his lord, saying, Thus and thus said the maid that is of the land of Israel.
5 And the king of Syria said, Go to, go, and I will send a letter unto the king of Israel. And he departed, and took with him ten talents of silver, and six thousand pieces of gold, and ten changes of raiment.
6 And he brought the letter to the king of Israel, saying, Now when this letter is come unto thee, behold, I have therewith sent Naaman my servant to thee, that thou mayest recover him of his leprosy.
7 And it came to pass, when the king of Israel had read the letter, that he rent his clothes, and said, Am I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man doth send unto me to recover a man of his leprosy? wherefore consider, I pray you, and see how he seeketh a quarrel against me.
8 And it was so, when Elisha the man of God had heard that the king of Israel had rent his clothes, that he sent to the king, saying, Wherefore hast thou rent thy clothes? let him come now to me, and he shall know that there is a prophet in Israel.
9 So Naaman came with his horses and with his chariot, and stood at the door of the house of Elisha.
10 And Elisha sent a messenger unto him, saying, Go and wash in Jordan seven times, and thy flesh shall come again to thee, and thou shalt be clean.
11 But Naaman was wroth, and went away, and said, Behold, I thought,c He will surely come out to me, and stand, and call on the name of the LORD his God, and strike his hand over the place, and recover the leper.
12 Are not Abanad and Pharpar, rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean? So he turned and went away in a rage.
13 And his servants came near, and spake unto him, and said, My father, if the prophet had bid thee do some great thing, wouldest thou not have done it? how much rather then, when he saith to thee, Wash, and be clean?
14 Then went he down, and dipped himself seven times in Jordan, according to the saying of the man of God: and his flesh came again like unto the flesh of a little child, and he was clean.
15 And he returned to the man of God, he and all his company, and came, and stood before him: and he said, Behold, now I know that there is no God in all the earth, but in Israel: now therefore, I pray thee, take a blessing of thy servant.
16 But he said, As the LORD liveth, before whom I stand, I will receive none. And he urged him to take it; but he refused.
17 And Naaman said, Shall there not then, I pray thee, be given to thy servant two mules' burden of earth? for thy servant will henceforth offer neither burnt offering nor sacrifice unto other gods, but unto the LORD.
18 In this thing the LORD pardon thy servant, that when my master goeth into the house of Rimmon to worship there, and he leaneth on my hand, and I bow myself in the house of Rimmon: when I bow down myself in the house of Rimmon, the LORD pardon thy servant in this thing.
19 And he said unto him, Go in peace. So he departed from him a littlee way.
20 But Gehazi, the servant of Elisha the man of God, said, Behold, my master hath spared Naaman this Syrian, in not receiving at his hands that which he brought: but, as the LORD liveth, I will run after him, and take somewhat of him.
21 So Gehazi followed after Naaman. And when Naaman saw him running after him, he lighted down from the chariot to meet him, and said, Is all well?
22 And he said, All is well. My master hath sent me, saying, Behold, even now there be come to me from mount Ephraim two young men of the sons of the prophets: give them, I pray thee, a talent of silver, and two changes of garments.
23 And Naaman said, Be content, take two talents. And he urged him, and bound two talents of silver in two bags, with two changes of garments, and laid them upon two of his servants; and they bare them before him.
24 And when he came to the tower,f he took them from their hand, and bestowed them in the house: and he let the men go, and they departed.
25 But he went in, and stood before his master. And Elisha said unto him, Whence comest thou, Gehazi? And he said, Thy servant went no whither.g
26 And he said unto him, Went not mine heart with thee, when the man turned again from his chariot to meet thee? Is it a time to receive money, and to receive garments, and oliveyards, and vineyards, and sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and maidservants?
27 The leprosy therefore of Naaman shall cleave unto thee, and unto thy seed for ever. And he went out from his presence a leper as white as snow.
The Last Kings of *Israel and *Judah
Book of 2 Kings
Philip Smith
Chapter 5
Naaman’s illness
v1 Naaman was the leader of a king’s army. It was the army of the king of Syria. Naaman’s master respected him and his master gave honour to him. That was because the *Lord had given success to the army from Syria. And that success had happened by means of Naaman. He was a brave soldier, but he had a serious disease in his skin.
v2 The soldiers from Syria had made attacks against *Israel. During one attack, they *captured a little *Israelite girl. So she was working as a maid for Naaman’s wife. v3 The girl spoke to her master’s wife. ‘I wish my master could go to the *prophet in Samaria. He would cure my master of the disease in his skin.’
v4 Naaman went to the king. He told the king what the *Israelite girl had said. v5 The king said, ‘Go. I will send a letter to the king of *Israel.’ So Naaman left. He took these things with him. He took 10 talents (750 pounds or 340 kilos) of silver. And he took 6000 shekels (150 pounds or 70 kilos) of gold. He also took 10 sets of fine clothes. v6 These are the words in the letter that he took to the king of *Israel. ‘With this letter, I am sending my servant Naaman to you. I want you to cure him of the disease in his skin.’
v7 As soon as the king of *Israel had read the letter, he tore his clothes because of his shock. ‘I am not God,’ he said. ‘If I kill someone, I cannot make that person alive again. Only God can do that! But this man (the king of Syria) has sent me someone with a disease in his skin. And he wants me to arrange for this man (Naaman) to become well again. I can only imagine that the king of Syria wants to start a quarrel with me!’
v8 Elisha heard about the king of *Israel’s shock. So Elisha sent this message to him. ‘There is no need for you to be in such a state of shock. Send the man to me. I will show him that there is a *prophet in *Israel.’
Naaman was an important man who led a powerful army. That army had success in many battles. The king of Syria had benefited greatly from Naaman’s skill. But the author is careful to remind us that Naaman’s success was not merely the result of human effort. Naaman was successful because the *Lord gave him that success. At that time, Naaman did not know the *Lord. But the *Lord was using Naaman to bring about his (the *Lord’s) purposes.
Verse 2 tells us a little about Naaman’s technique. He would send small groups of soldiers into other countries. These soldiers would return with goods that they had taken. They would also take people away to be their slaves. It seems that these attacks continued for several years. In the end, God would use Elisha to stop these attacks against *Israel (6:23).
Even the most successful person is still human. So even the strongest person is actually weak. Even a person who gains the whole world will lose his life (Matthew 16:26). Naaman knew that fact very well. His great success in battle could not keep him in good health. His skin was white because of a terrible disease. Probably he had paid doctors to cure him. And probably he paid priests and people who used magic too. But they all had no success. Naaman was still ill. And he was desperate to find someone who could cure him.
The girl in verse 3 was one of the people whom Naaman’s soldiers had taken from *Israel. She was just a slave in a foreign country. But like Joseph (Genesis chapter 39), she carried out her duties in a responsible manner. So she became a maid for Naaman’s wife. And, like Joseph, she did not forget God. She told Naaman’s wife about the *prophet Elisha. And the girl had *faith that God would use Elisha to cure her master.
Naaman discussed this with the king of Syria. Naaman did not want to leave the country unless the king agreed. The king strongly urged Naaman to go. The king wanted the leader of his army to be healthy. The king even wrote a letter to the king of *Israel in order to support Naaman. This letter was like a modern passport. The king of Syria urged the king of *Israel to help Naaman in every possible manner.
Naaman made careful preparations for his journey. He did not realise that the *Lord is God over the whole world. And he did not realise that the *Lord cares about people from every nation (Jonah 4:11). Naaman thought that he was asking a foreign god in a foreign country to help him. So Naaman hoped that the king of *Israel would introduce him to this great *prophet. Naaman did not realise that even the king of *Israel followed a different religion from the *prophet!
Naaman did not know that God’s *grace is free (Ephesians 2:8-9). But Naaman was willing to pay the *prophet well. He took a vast quantity of gold and silver for that purpose. Naaman wanted to be generous to the *prophet and his God. Naaman was not trying to get something for nothing.
Like the wise men who followed the star (Matthew 2:1-8), Naaman first went to the palace. Like them, he came from abroad in order to see a very important person. And like them, he discovered that the king was unable to introduce him to that person.
When Naaman produced the letter, the king of *Israel was in a desperate state. He thought that the king of Syria was trying to start a war. The king of *Israel had no power over what God did. The king of *Israel did not even *worship the real God. So it was clearly impossible for the king of *Israel to help Naaman. But the king of Syria would be very angry if the king of *Israel refused to help Naaman. So the king of *Israel tore his clothes. People used to do that when they felt very sad or desperate about something.
However, Elisha was not afraid when he heard about Naaman’s visit. Elisha knew that God could cure illnesses. He told the king to send Naaman. God would prove to Naaman that ‘there was a *prophet in *Israel’. In other words, the *Lord would prove that he is the real God. And Naaman would see that God was working by his *prophet.
v9 Naaman went with his horses and *chariots. He stopped at the door of Elisha’s house. v10 Elisha sent a person with a message, who spoke to Naaman. ‘Go and wash 7 times in the Jordan river. That will cure you of your disease.’
v11 But Naaman was very angry when he went away. He said this. ‘I thought that Elisha would come out to me. I thought that he would pray to the *Lord, his God. Then he would wave his hand over the part of my body that is ill. And so he would cure me. v12 Surely the Abana river and the Pharpar river in Damascus are better than *Israel’s waters. I would rather wash in those rivers in order to be healthy.’ So Naaman turned and he went away in great anger.
v13 Naaman’s servants went to him and they spoke to him. ‘Sir, if the *prophet had told you to do a difficult thing, you would have done it. Surely it is much easier to wash. It is much easier to get a remedy in that way.’ v14 So Naaman obeyed Elisha, the man of God. Naaman went down and he washed himself in the Jordan river 7 times. His remedy was complete. His skin became firm and healthy like a young boy’s skin.
v15 Naaman and all his men went back to the man of God. Naaman stood in front of him. And Naaman said this to him. ‘Now I know that the God of *Israel is the only God. Please accept a gift from me; I am your servant.’
v16 The *prophet gave this answer. ‘I will not accept a gift. I make that promise as surely as the *Lord lives. He is the God whom I serve.’ Although Naaman insisted, Elisha still refused.
v17 So Naaman said this. ‘If you will not accept my gift, please give something to me. Give to me enough earth to load two *mules. I want to take the earth home with me. Because I will only *sacrifice to the *Lord in future. v18 But I ask the *Lord to forgive me for this one thing. I have to go into the *temple where people *worship Rimmon. I go there with my master. He bends down his body in order to give honour to Rimmon. And he leans on my arm, so I bend down there too. I ask that the *Lord will forgive me for that.’
v19 ‘Go in *peace,’ said Elisha.
Naaman expected that Elisha would show his power. He thought that Elisha would cure him in public. Naaman thought that he deserved a great ceremony. He intended to pay well for it. He was a proud man who commanded a great army. So he wanted Elisha to give him honour.
Instead, Elisha sent his instructions by means of a servant. That offended Naaman. He wanted to see the *prophet, not a servant! Also, Elisha told him to go and to wash himself in the Jordan river. That river was narrow and dirty. The rivers in Syria were wide. But we can only receive God’s *blessing and *forgiveness in the way that he tells us. Jesus said, ‘Nobody comes to the Father unless that person comes by means of me’ (John 14:6). In Acts 2:37-38 the crowds asked Peter, ‘What shall we do?’ He told them to *repent. And he told them to let someone then *baptise them. They had to be humble in front of God.
Elisha was dealing with Naaman’s proud attitudes. Naaman could give commands to his soldiers and servants. But nobody can give orders to God. God only accepts people who are humble. So in order to become well, Naaman would have to obey a mere servant. He would have to bathe in a river that seemed unimportant to him. He would have to wash 7 times. The Bible often uses the number 7 as a word-picture of something that is complete. So Naaman would have to be completely humble in front of God. And if Naaman was completely humble, God would cure him.
Naaman was very angry. It was not easy for such a proud man to do such a humble thing. He almost thought that he preferred to be ill. But his servants showed wisdom. They were not afraid to do humble things; they had to do such things constantly. Often unimportant people are more willing to obey God than important people are (1 Corinthians 1:26-29). And so Naaman’s servants urged him to obey the *prophet.
Naaman’s servants told him that he would have done a difficult action. Surely it was an easy thing to obey the *prophet. So Naaman followed their advice and he went to the Jordan river. He bathed, and God cured him.
Even as God cured Naaman then, God wants to rescue people from the power of *sin. Many people still want to do things in order to earn that freedom. But they must be humble in front of God. They must confess their *sin to him. And they must believe in the *Lord Jesus Christ. If they do so, he will make them free. It is impossible to earn that freedom, because it is a gift from God (Isaiah 55:1-2).
Naaman returned in order to offer a present to Elisha. But Elisha refused the present. He wanted to show that God’s love is free. You cannot work for it and you cannot buy it.
So then Naaman asked for enough earth to load two *mules. He now believed that the God of *Israel was the only real God. Naaman’s *faith in God was very simple. He wanted to *worship the God of *Israel on the soil of *Israel. So Naaman asked for a little soil that he could take back home. Naaman was humble now. He even described himself as Elisha’s ‘servant’ (verse 15). He was trusting God as a little child trusts (Mark 10:15).
Naaman had been such a proud foreigner. But he became very humble. And that is why God carried out this *miracle for him. This happened at a time when the *Israelites were not loyal to their own God. Many of them had the same illness, but they were not ready for God to help them. Jesus spoke about that (Luke 4:27). And it astonished Jesus when a similar thing happened during his own life on earth (Luke 7:9). Sometimes foreigners are more ready to show *faith than God’s own people are (Romans 11:11-12).
Before we leave this passage, we should discuss the question of where to *worship God. Naaman thought that he should *worship on *Israel’s soil. And Elisha did not try to argue with this new believer in God. He allowed Naaman to act in simple *faith. In the *New Testament (John chapter 4), we read about a certain woman. She was from Samaria. She asked Jesus where she should give honour to God. Jesus replied that the question should not be ‘where’. It should rather be ‘how’. God is *spirit. Those people that give honour to him must do it in *spirit and truth. That means that they must *worship him in a genuine manner.
David too thought about this subject. David knew that God is present everywhere (Psalms 139:7-10). And David realised that he could not hide from God. So David asked God to be with him (Psalms 139:18). David wanted God to examine his heart and his inner thoughts (Psalms 139:23). Then God would guide David so that David’s life would please God (Psalms 139:24).
One duty that Naaman had was this. He had to go with the king to the *temple of the false god Rimmon. Naaman asked Elisha this question. ‘Will God forgive me when I do that?’
Naaman was just at the beginning of his life of *faith. He had become aware that the *Lord is the only God. And Naaman understood therefore that all other gods are false gods. Naaman could see that his new *faith would cause him problems. He was the leader of Syria’s army. So his master was the king of Syria. The king of Syria *worshipped a false god called Rimmon. The king expected Naaman to come with him to Rimmon’s *temple. Naaman did not intend to *worship the false god. But he would have to bend down when the king bent down.
Elisha did not tell Naaman not to do that. God had begun a good work in Naaman’s life, and God was able to complete it (Philippians 1:6). So Elisha simply blessed Naaman, and Naaman left.
People who serve God have often found it difficult to know when to obey their rulers. Paul taught people to obey their rulers and to pray for them (Romans 13:1; 1 Timothy 2:2). But we must not obey rulers if they order us to do evil things. Our duty to God is more important. Jesus told people to give to their ruler what is due to him. But they must also give to God what is due to him (Matthew 22:21). Soon after Jesus lived on the Earth, people persecuted Christians. That means that people were cruel to them because of their (the Christians’) beliefs. The Christians said, ‘Jesus is the Lord (master).’ They refused to say, ‘Caesar (the ruler of Rome) is the Lord (master).’ Many Christians died because they refused to say that. But they would not give to Caesar the honour that belongs to God alone.
Gehazi, the servant of Elisha
After Naaman had left, v20 Elisha’s servant Gehazi thought this. ‘My master was too kind to Naaman, the man from Syria. My master did not accept what he brought. As surely as the *Lord lives, I will run after Naaman. Then I will get something from him.’
v21 So Gehazi hurried after Naaman. Naaman saw that Gehazi was running towards him. So Naaman got down from his *chariot. ‘Is everything all right?’ Naaman asked.
v22 ‘Everything is all right,’ Gehazi said. ‘My master sent me with this message. “Two young men have come to me. They have come from the group of *prophets in Ephraim. Please give to those young men a talent (75 pounds or 34 kilos) of silver. And give to them two sets of clothing.” ’
v23 ‘Take two talents,’ said Naaman. He insisted that Gehazi should accept them. Naaman gave two talents (that is, 150 pounds or 68 kilos) of silver in total. He tied up the silver in 2 bags and he also put in 2 sets of clothing. He gave the bags to 2 servants. They carried them ahead of Gehazi. v24 They reached the hill. Then Gehazi took the things from the servants and he put them in the house. He sent the men away and they left. v25 Then Gehazi went in and he stood in front of his master Elisha.
‘Where have you been, Gehazi?’ asked Elisha.
‘I have not been anywhere,’ answered Gehazi.
v26 Elisha said, ‘The man got down from his *chariot in order to meet you. I knew in my spirit where you were then. It is not the right time to take money. It is not the right time to accept clothes. It is not the right time to accept trees or bushes, cows or sheep, servants or maids. v27 The disease that was in Naaman’s skin will come to you. You and your *descendants will have it always.’ Then Gehazi left Elisha. Gehazi had the disease. His skin was as white as snow.
Elisha’s servant Gehazi was like Judas, a man that followed Jesus as his teacher. Both Gehazi and Judas loved money (John 12:6; Matthew 26:14-15). That attitude is terrible. A person cannot serve both God and money (Matthew 6:24). The love of money causes much *sin (1 Timothy 6:10). And in the end, this attitude would ruin the lives of both Gehazi and Judas.
Gehazi was sad because Elisha had refused Naaman’s gifts. Gehazi did not think that Elisha should have been kind to Naaman. And Gehazi thought that he could make a personal profit from God’s *grace. It was terrible that he was thinking such things. These thoughts were so unlike the thoughts of his master, Elisha. Elisha gladly left all his possessions in order to become Elijah’s servant (1 Kings 19:21). Since that time, Elisha had to trust God for everything that he needed. And God provided both for him, and for other people (4:38-44).
Gehazi had to run in order to catch up with Naaman’s *chariot. Gehazi was a fast runner. Previously, he had to run to carry out the *Lord’s work (4:29). But now Gehazi was running for his own benefit. It was as if he was running away from God.
Now Naaman had learnt to be humble. It was a difficult lesson for him, but in the end he learned well. He even got down from his *chariot to show honour to the servant. Naaman did not know that Gehazi deserved no honour.
Gehazi told Naaman a lie. Gehazi made a big request. Naaman was generous. For him, this was an opportunity to give to God. Naaman wanted to thank God. And Naaman was pleased that the *prophet had allowed him to give something. Of course, Naaman knew nothing about the servant’s wicked scheme. He trusted the *prophet, so he trusted the *prophet’s servant.
Naaman gave to Gehazi twice as much as Gehazi had asked for. The gifts were so heavy that Naaman had to send two servants to carry them. Gehazi led the servants to the hill, that is, Samaria. And Gehazi hid the money in the house before Elisha could see it.
Then Gehazi went to serve Elisha as if nothing had happened. He lied to Elisha, but Elisha knew about Gehazi’s actions. God had shown Elisha what happened. Elisha even saw, in his spirit, that Naaman got down from his *chariot to meet Gehazi. Elisha knew what his servant had lied on his behalf. And Elisha knew that Gehazi intended to do this wicked thing against God.
There was no proper excuse for such behaviour. But it was not Elisha who punished Gehazi. Gehazi was responsible for his own *sin. And Gehazi was responsible for his own illness. He suffered for the rest of his life.
Gehazi thought that he could make himself rich. But *sin does not reward a person well. ‘The person who serves *sin will receive death instead of wages’ (Romans 6:23).
Israel ~ the nation of people that are Jacob’s descendants; the country where those people belong; the northern part of their kingdom after it divided.
descendants ~ future members of a family or a nation; people who belong to the same family during later centuries.
kingdom ~ a country or nation that a king or queen rules.
Judah ~ one of the tribes in the nation called Israel; the southern part of that kingdom after it divided.
tribe ~ a group of people that share the same ancestors, language, and customs.
Israel ~ the nation of people that are Jacob’s descendants; the country where those people belong; the northern part of their kingdom after it divided.
kingdom ~ a country or nation that a king or queen rules.
ancestor ~ a previous member of a family, especially someone who was important during a past century.
descendants ~ future members of a family or a nation; people who belong to the same family during later centuries.
Lord ~ the name of God. We use this word to translate two different words in the original language. One word means ‘He is always God.’ The other word means ‘master’.
capture ~ to seize (arrest) someone and to keep that person as a prisoner; to take something by force and to keep it under your control.
Israelites ~ people that belonged to the nation called Israel.
Israel ~ the nation of people that are Jacob’s descendants; the country where those people belong; the northern part of their kingdom after it divided.
descendants ~ future members of a family or a nation; people who belong to the same family during later centuries.
kingdom ~ a country or nation that a king or queen rules.
prophet ~ a person that gives a prophecy.
prophecy ~ a message from God (or from a false god) that someone speaks; what someone says will happen in the future.
faith ~ strong belief that something will happen; trust that God (or someone else) will do what he says.
grace ~ when God forgives us as a free gift to us; when God is kind to us and he helps us as a free gift.
worship ~ to praise God (or a false god); to give honour to God (or a false god) by sacrifice, prayer, song or action.
sacrifice ~ something valuable that someone offers to God (or to a false god); to offer something valuable to God (or to a false god).
chariot ~ a kind of vehicle that soldiers used when they fought. Horses pulled it.
mule ~ an animal that is born after a horse mates with a donkey. It carries heavy loads.
donkey ~ an animal like a horse with short legs and long ears.
sacrifice ~ something valuable that someone offers to God (or to a false god); to offer something valuable to God (or to a false god).
temple ~ the building that King Solomon built in Jerusalem, and the area that surrounded it. It was the most important place for the worship of the real God. We also use the word ‘temple’ to mean the house of a false god.
worship ~ to praise God (or a false god); to give honour to God (or a false god) by sacrifice, prayer, song or action.
sacrifice ~ something valuable that someone offers to God (or to a false god); to offer something valuable to God (or to a false god).
peace ~ the absence of war; a situation when people and groups are friendly towards each other; when it is quiet; a calm and content attitude.
blessing ~ when God does good things to people and he protects them; a good thing that God does to people.
forgiveness ~ when someone forgives.
repent ~ to feel sorry because of sin and to stop that wrong behaviour. To decide to do what God wants.
sin ~ an action that is wrong or wicked, which is against God’s moral law; something that is against a law in a religion.
baptise ~ to put a person down into water or to pour water over a person. It is a ceremony to show that the person wants to be free from sin. The person is sorry for past sin and he/she wants to do the right things now. It usually shows also that the person belongs to the Christian church.
sin ~ an action that is wrong or wicked, which is against God’s moral law; something that is against a law in a religion.
sin ~ an action that is wrong or wicked, which is against God’s moral law; something that is against a law in a religion.
miracle ~ a wonderful thing that God does by his power. People cannot explain it by means of human knowledge.'New Testament ~ the second part of the Bible. It tells us about Jesus and his disciples (students).
spirit ~ part of a person, the part that can contact God and that continues to exist after death. The word ‘spirit’ can also mean an angel that may come from either God or the devil. ‘God’s Spirit’ is the Holy Spirit. (The Holy Spirit is God, even as God the Father and Jesus are God. But there are not three Gods; there is only one God.)
angel ~ God’s servant who takes messages from God to people on the earth. Angels live with God in heaven.
descendants ~ future members of a family or a nation; people who belong to the same family during later centuries.