Amos 2:1-16
1 Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Moab, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because he burned the bones of the king of Edom into lime:
2 But I will send a fire upon Moab, and it shall devour the palaces of Kerioth: and Moab shall die with tumult, with shouting, and with the sound of the trumpet:
3 And I will cut off the judge from the midst thereof, and will slay all the princes thereof with him, saith the LORD.
4 Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Judah, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they have despised the law of the LORD, and have not kept his commandments, and their lies caused them to err, after the which their fathers have walked:
5 But I will send a fire upon Judah, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem.
6 Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they sold the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes;
7 That pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father will go in unto the same maid,a to profane my holy name:
8 And they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by every altar, and they drink the wine of the condemnedb in the house of their god.
9 Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the height of the cedars, and he was strong as the oaks; yet I destroyed his fruit from above, and his roots from beneath.
10 Also I brought you up from the land of Egypt, and led you forty years through the wilderness, to possess the land of the Amorite.
11 And I raised up of your sons for prophets, and of your young men for Nazarites. Is it not even thus, O ye children of Israel? saith the LORD.
12 But ye gave the Nazarites wine to drink; and commanded the prophets, saying, Prophesy not.
13 Behold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves.
14 Therefore the flight shall perish from the swift, and the strong shall not strengthen his force, neither shall the mighty deliver himself:c
15 Neither shall he stand that handleth the bow; and he that is swift of foot shall not deliver himself: neither shall he that rideth the horse deliver himself.
16 And he that is courageousd among the mighty shall flee away naked in that day, saith the LORD.
The Man with a Difficult Message from God
Amos
Mark Kirkpatrick
Chapter 2
Punishment for Moab’s people
v1 This is what the *Lord says: ‘I will certainly punish the people in Moab for their many *sins.
I will do that because they burned the king of Edom’s bones. These bones became ashes.
v2 Therefore I will start a fire in Moab. And that fire will destroy the strong places in Kerioth.
The people in Moab will die in the noisy battle.
They will die while soldiers are shouting and *trumpets are sounding.
v3 I will kill Moab’s ruler.
I will kill all her leaders with him.’
The *Lord says these things.
Verse 1 In ancient times people thought that it was necessary to bury someone properly. It was not good to burn their bones. God wanted the people in Moab to show respect to the king’s body.
Verse 2 So God would punish Moab’s people. He would destroy all their cities. Kerioth was an important place for a false religion, and the *Moabites *worshipped the god Chemosh there.
Verse 3 But God would make sure that the *Moabites’ leaders would die.
Punishment for Judah’s people
v4 This is what the *Lord says: ‘I will certainly punish the people in Judah for their many *sins.
I will do this because they refused to obey the *Lord’s commands.
They did not keep his commands.
Their false gods have led them into wrong ways.
Their *ancestors also followed these false gods.
v5 So I will start a fire in Judah.
And that fire will burn the strong places in Jerusalem.
Verse 4 Amos now turns his attention to Judah. Judah is different from the other nations. The other nations have broken the general *law, which is for all peoples. But Judah has broken the special *law, which is for God’s people. This is a more serious crime. Judah’s *ancestors have taken them in a wrong direction. However, this is not an excuse now for the people in Judah. They are more and more *guilty (Psalms 51:3-5; Matthew 23:31-36).
Verse 5 Judah is not different from the other peoples. Their punishment will be the same as the punishment of Aram, Gaza, Tyre, Edom, Ammon and Moab.
God’s judgement on Israel’s people
v6 This is what the *Lord says: ‘I will certainly punish Israel’s people for their many *sins.
I will do this because they sold good, innocent people for silver.
They sold poor people for the price of a pair of shoes.
v7 It was as if they pushed those poor people’s faces into the ground.
And then they walked on them.
They have stopped listening to people who suffer.
A father and son have sex with the same woman.
They have ruined my holy name.
v8 They take clothes from the people who owe money to them.
Then they sit on these clothes while they *worship at their *altars.
They make people pay fines for things that they have done wrong,
Then they spend that money to drink wine in the house of their god.
v9 But I killed all the *Amorites in front of them.
The *Amorites were tall like *cedar trees.
They were as strong as *oak trees.
But I destroyed their fruit above and their roots below.
v10 I brought you up out of Egypt.
I led you for 40 years in the desert.
I gave you the land of the *Amorites.
v11 I made some of your sons to be *prophets.
I made some of your young men to be *Nazirites.
People in Israel, this is true.’ The *Lord says these things.
v12 ‘But you made the *Nazirites drink wine.
You told the *prophets not to *prophesy.’
Verse 6 Israel will be glad to hear about the punishment of foreign nations. But soon they will have a shock. God does is not only the judge for foreign nations. He wants to punish Israel too. Israel’s people were selling innocent people as slaves. These innocent people had not broken any *laws. Powerful people sold innocent people for very low prices – the price of shoes. It was legal to sell slaves (Exodus 21:2-11; Exodus 21:20-21; Exodus 21:26-27). However, the courts helped the rich people. The courts made it easy for rich people to get slaves.
Verse 7 The duty of kings was to protect the innocent people. But they failed. Perhaps verse 7b refers to a female slave. More likely, it refers to any woman. However, God says that sex without marriage is wrong (Leviticus 20:7-20).
Verse 8 Rich people were robbing the poor people! God hates this. Poor people often needed money. They gave their clothes to rich people, who gave them a loan for the clothes. The rich people sat on these clothes while they *worshipped God. God’s *law did not allow a person to keep another person’s coat at night (Exodus 22:26-27; Deuteronomy 24:12-13). The night was cold in Israel. The poor people needed these clothes then. Amos also suggests that the rich people made the poor people pay large fines. A fine is a sum of money that a person must pay as a punishment. This was when they could not pay the debt. Then these rich people used the money to drink too much wine. Nehemiah later protected the poor people against these things (Nehemiah 5:1-12).
Verse 9 The *Amorites lived in Canaan before the *Israelites defeated them in battle. They were a strong people but this did not help them. Oaks and cedars are types of trees.
Verse 10 God rescued the *Israelites from the *Egyptians. He led them during difficult times in the desert.
Verses 11, 12 However, the *Israelites later enjoyed freedom when Jeroboam 2nd was king (2 Kings 14:25-28). They became wealthy. But they encouraged the *Nazirites to break their promises. The *Nazirites were a group of people who had made special promises to God. Some of these promises were,
1) not to cut their hair,
2) not to drink wine,
3) not to touch dead people or things.
Samson and Samuel were *Nazirites. The kings also told the *prophets not to speak for God. The kings did not want to hear what God said.
v13 ‘I am going to press you down into the ground.
You will be like a cart that is very heavy with grain.
v14 No person will escape – not even a fast runner.
Strong men will not be strong enough.
Soldiers will not be able to save themselves.
v15 People with bows will not live.
Fast runners will not escape.
People on horses will not escape alive.
v16 Even brave soldiers will run away naked at that time.’
The *Lord says these things.
Verses 13-16 Amos uses pictures to send a message to the people in Israel. They will be like a heavy cart on very wet ground. They will not be able to get away from God’s judgement. Or perhaps the verse means that God will drag a cart over ripe grain. This will be a sign of *judgement.
Verses 14-15 No-one can expect to escape. Powerful people will become weak. People with bows will not be accurate. Instead of attacking, soldiers will run away in war.
Verse 16 There will be confusion. ‘Naked’ here probably means very few clothes. The soldiers will die even when they run away.
Lord ~ a special name for God. God told the Jews that this was his name. Some Bibles use ‘LORD’ for this special name. There is another word ‘lord’ which means someone with authority. This is why I have translated as ‘the Lord the ruler’ the title that really is ‘lord LORD’.)Jew ~ a person who was born from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and their children.'sin, sinful ~ when people do bad things against God or other people.
trumpet ~ a type of musical instrument that you blow. People blew the trumpet in a battle. The sound of the trumpet told the soldiers to begin the battle. And it frightened the enemy.
Moabites ~ people who came from a country called Moab.
worship ~ a way to act when we are with God.
ancestors ~ member of our families who lived many years ago. They are now dead.
law ~ the rules that God or rulers make.
guilty ~ we are guilty when we have done wrong things.
altar ~ a table where the priest burned animals and gave other gifts as a sacrifice to God or to false gods.
sacrifice ~ to give a gift to God of an animal or food. Usually people burnt all or part of this gift. This may be a way to thank God, or to ask him to forgive us.
Amorites ~ some of the people whose parents came from a man called Canaan.
cedar ~ a type of tree.
oak ~ a type of tree.
prophet ~ a man or woman who was able to speak God’s words to the people.
Nazirites ~ a group of people who had made special promises to God. See the note on Amos 2:11.
prophesy ~ to speak God’s words.
Israelites ~ people living in Israel, sons of Jacob.
Egyptians ~ people who came from Egypt.
judgement ~ when God says what is right or wrong; when somebody says who is right or wrong; sometimes when God punishes people for wrong things that they have done.