Hosea 11:1-12
1 When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt.
2 As they called them, so they went from them: they sacrificed unto Baalim, and burned incense to graven images.
3 I taught Ephraim also to go, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them.
4 I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love: and I was to them as they that take offa the yoke on their jaws, and I laid meat unto them.
5 He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return.
6 And the sword shall abide on his cities, and shall consume his branches, and devour them, because of their own counsels.
7 And my people are bent to backsliding from me: though they called them to the most High, none at all would exalt him.
8 How shall I give thee up, Ephraim? how shall I deliver thee, Israel? how shall I make thee as Admah? how shall I set thee as Zeboim? mine heart is turned within me, my repentings are kindled together.
9 I will not execute the fierceness of mine anger, I will not return to destroy Ephraim: for I am God, and not man; the Holy One in the midst of thee: and I will not enter into the city.
10 They shall walk after the LORD: he shall roar like a lion: when he shall roar, then the children shall tremble from the west.
11 They shall tremble as a bird out of Egypt, and as a dove out of the land of Assyria: and I will place them in their houses, saith the LORD.
12 Ephraim compasseth me about with lies, and the house of Israel with deceit: but Judah yet ruleth with God, and is faithful with the saints.b
The Man Who Never Stopped Loving
Hosea
Mark Kirkpatrick
Chapter 11
Israel has forgotten the *Lord
v1 ‘I, (the *Lord), loved Israel when he was a child.
I called my son out of Egypt.
v2 But the more I called to Israel,
the more they turned away from me.
My people gave *sacrifices to Baal.
They burned *incense
and offered this to *idols.
v3 But it was I who taught *Ephraim to walk!
I took my people up in my arms!
It was I who healed her.
But she did not realise this.
v4 I led her with love and kind words.
I lifted the *yoke from her neck.
I bent down to feed her.
v5 The people of Israel refuse to *repent.
So they must return to Egypt.
Assyria will rule over them.
v6 Swords will swing in their cities. People will break their city gates.
Their plans will come to nothing.
v7 My people are trying hard to turn away from me.
But even if they call to God above,
he will not listen to them.
In chapter 11, God looks to the past in Israel’s life. In verse 1, God remembers what has happened to Israel when she was a child. God spoke to Moses when he began his journey to Egypt. God said, ‘Israel is my first son … let my son go’ (Exodus 4:22-23). It is when Israel became free. There are other places in the *Old Testament where God describes himself as a father (Isaiah 1:2; Jeremiah 3:19). The word ‘call’ in verse 1 can mean different things in the *OT. It can mean that God wanted to bring the people of Israel together. The life of Jesus did this completely.
But Israel did not want to listen to God’s call (verse 2). She showed this by her *worship of the Baals and of other false gods. Israel chose new *idols. They broke the first rule of the *covenant. This was, ‘You will have no other gods but me’ (Exodus 20:3).
In verse 3, there is a beautiful picture of a father. Israel was like a small child whom God helped to walk. It was God who did this. Israel could not see that. When the people of Israel grew up, they did not want to live like true sons.
In verse 4, the picture changes a little. It is not clear what the verse means. Perhaps the verse means that God is like a farmer. He wants to be sure that his animals are well. He wants to be sure that they have enough food. This is the same way that God fed Israel in the desert (Exodus 16).
But in verse 5 the idea changes. Hosea tells Israel about *exile again. The word ‘Egypt’ means the enemy. Assyria is the country that will take them into *exile. Israel will not be a nation on its own. In 5:13 and 10:6 Hosea called the king of Assyria a ‘great king’. Soon this king will make sure that Israel cannot choose where she lives. Israel did not thank God for what he had done for her. This was her *sin.
Assyria will win against Israel in a war (verse 6). The people of Israel will not be safe. The walls of their cities will come down. The sword of the enemy will become the sword of God. He uses the sword to keep his *covenant. The people will find it difficult to live without God. They will not want to turn away from him (verse 7). Then they will want to come back to God. But he will not listen. It will be too late.
The *Lord does not want to destroy Israel
v8 *Ephraim, I do not want to forget about you.
I do not want to give you to someone else.
I do not want to make you like Admah.
I do not want to make you like Zeboiim.
My heart will not let me do it!
My love for you is too strong.
v9 I will not punish you in my anger.
I will not destroy *Ephraim again,
because I am God and not a man.
I am the *Holy One and I am with you.
I will not show my anger.
v10 I will make a loud noise like a lion.
Then my children will come and follow me.
When I make a loud noise,
my children will come from the west.
They will come with fear.
v11 They will be like birds from Egypt.
They will be like birds from Assyria.
They will come with fear.
But I will bring them back to their homes again.
I, the *Lord, have spoken.
In verse 8 there is a change in ideas. Again, there is hope for Israel. In *exile, Israel will turn back to God. God is a God of *mercy. He does not want to punish Israel too much. He could never let other nations win against Israel. Admah and Zeboiim were cities that were near Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 10:19). God destroyed Admah and Zeboiim when he destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 19:24-25). This was when he was very angry. But God says that he will change his mind.
There is not a man anywhere who is completely true (verse 9). But God is not like this. He will be true to the love that he has shown to Israel in the past. This is the only place in Hosea where we see the word ‘*holy’. We see the word 26 times in Isaiah. God is different from men. He acts in different ways. This is not a promise for the people who are living with Hosea. It is a promise for the children of these people. God’s ‘anger’ is the right attitude for him to show. This is when the people have done wrong things. But, because he loved them, he wanted them to *repent. Then he could forgive them.
In the future, Israel will return to God (verse 10). Then they will be able to return from *exile. God himself will tell everyone when this moment comes. He will make sure that everyone hears. Perhaps the lion means that God is calling people to hear his *judgement (Amos 1:2; Joel 3:16). The west means the islands of the sea. It also means the land near the sea.
Israel will hurry home (verse 11). Birds can travel fast. Hosea uses the picture of a bird in a good way. (in Hosea 7:11 the *dove meant that Israel was silly.) The people will ‘fly’ back to their homes. Nothing will stop them. The promise of 2:25 will happen - ‘I will plant many seeds in the land’. But Israel’s true return will only happen because of Christ. He begins and finishes the new *covenant.
Israel and Judah are both *guilty
v12 *Ephraim has surrounded me with lies.
Israel has told me false things.
And Judah has not obeyed God.
She has not been true to the *Holy One.
lord ~ one who rules or is a master. God is the Lord who rules everyone.sacrifice ~ something that people offered to God. To ask God’s (or a false god’s) forgiveness by killing an animal.
forgiveness ~ to show pity and not to remember bad things; to set free from wrong things that we do.
incense ~ the smoke from a plant that makes a sweet smell.
idol ~ a thing that someone made out of wood, stone or metal. People pray to it.
Ephraim ~ he was the grandson of Jacob. Then it became a name that people used for the Northern Kingdom.
kingdom ~ a kingdom is where a king rules. God is the King of all Christians and all Christians are in his Kingdom.
Christians ~ people that follow and believe all about Jesus Christ.
yoke ~ a wooden thing that you put over the neck of animals. Its purpose was to let the animal pull something.
repent ~ to turn from sin to God’s ways.
sin ~ when people do things against God.'Old Testament ~ the first part of the Bible, which the writers wrote before the life of Jesus.
OT ~ see Old Testament.
worship ~ what we should do when we are with God; giving thanks to God.
covenant ~ an agreement between two people. A promise that God makes.
exile ~ the time when an enemy took Israel out of their land.
sin ~ when people do things against God.
holy ~ what God is like; different and better.
mercy ~ help to those that need something; the love that God has for us.
holy ~ what God is like; different and better.
judgement ~ when God says what is good or bad.
dove ~ a type of bird.'guilt, guilty ~ when we have done wrong things.