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The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

1 Samuel 22:1-4

1 SAMUEL—NOTE ON 1 Samuel 22:1 Adullam is halfway between Gath and Bethlehem, and the cave is probably nearby. David’s family is in danger from Saul, so they join him. But because life in the wilderness would be too difficult for David’s aged parents, he takes them to Moab, where David’s great-grandmother Ruth had come from.

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See also 1 Samuel 22:1-4 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    CHAPTER XXII _David flees to the cave of Adullam, where he is joined by four_ _hundred men of various descriptions_, 1, 2. _He goes afterwards to Moab; and by the advice of the prophet_ _Gad, to t...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    TO THE CAVE ADULLAM - Or rather “of Adullam.” Adullam was the name of a town of Judah in the “Shephelah,” not far from Bethlehem, and below it. Innumerable caverns, one nearly 100 feet long, are excav...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 22 _ 1. In the cave of Adullam (1 Samuel 22:1)_ 2. In Moab and Gad's message (1 Samuel 22:3) 3. Saul's discovery of David's visit to Nob (1 Samuel 22:6) 4. The murder of the priests ...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    1 SAMUEL 22. DAVID AT ADULLAM AND MOAB: MASSACRE AT NOB (J). The series of narratives in ch. 22 may very well come from the same ancient document, and be the continuation of 1 Samuel 21:1. 1 SAMUEL 2...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    ADULLAM. See Psalms 57:1...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    1 Samuel 22:1-5. David's band of Followers 1. _the cave Adullam_ Rather, THE CAVE OF ADULLAM. Adullam was an ancient royal city of the Canaanites, in the neighbourhood of Jarmuth, Socoh, Azekah, and S...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    TO THE CAVE ADULLAM— Which was in the tribe of Judah, and to the east of Eleutheropolis: a place fortified by nature, and so fitted for the security of persons in distress, that we are told it has fre...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    Saul's Reprisals Against David and His Friends, 1 Samuel 22:1-23. _The Prophet Gad and David._ 1 Samuel 22:1-5 David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    _DAVID THEREFORE DEPARTED THENCE, AND ESCAPED TO THE CAVE ADULLAM: AND WHEN HIS BRETHREN AND ALL HIS_ _ FATHER'S HOUSE HEARD IT, THEY WENT DOWN THITHER TO HIM._ David ... escaped to the cave Adullam...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    DAVID IN THE CAVE OF ADULLAM. SAUL'S SLAUGHTER OF THE PRIESTS AT NOB 1. Adullam] probably in the valley of Elah between Philistia and Hebron....

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    ISRAEL’S FIRST KING 1 SAMUEL _HELEN POCOCK_ CHAPTER 22 DAVID AT ADULLAM AND MIZPAH V1 David left Gath and went to a cave near Adullam. His brothers and his father’s family discovered where he h...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    THE CAVE ADULLAM. — The great valley of Elah forms the highway from Philistia to Hebron. In one especially of the tributary vales or ravines of the Elah valley are many natural caves, some of great ex...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    וַ יֵּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ מִ שָּׁ֔ם וַ יִּמָּלֵ֖ט

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    CHAPTER XXIX. _ DAVID AT ADULLAM, MIZPEH, AND HARETH._ 1 Samuel 22:1. THE cave of Adullam, to which David fled on leaving Gath, has been placed in various localities even in modern times; but as the...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    CAPTAIN OF AN OUTLAWED BAND 1 Samuel 22:1 What a striking analogy there is between the gathering of these outlawed men to David, and the attraction of publicans and sinners, in all ages, to Christ! H...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    Leaving Gath, David took refuge in the cave of Adullam, where there gathered to him a band of the outcasts of his own people. They are graphically described as those in "distress," in "debt," and "dis...

  • Geneva Study Bible Commentary

    David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave (a) Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard [it], they went down thither to him. (a) Which was in the tribe of Judah,...

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    _Odollam, about two days' journey from Geth, (Salien) nine miles east of Eleutheropolis, in the tribe of Juda. (Eusebius) (Calmet) --- Josue xii. 15., and 2 Machabees xii. 38. (Menochius) --- Thither,...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    CONTENTS David's distresses are still continued, and form the subject of this Chapter. He is constrained to leave Achish, and gets to the cave of Adullam. His relations now seek to him: many persons i...

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    We enter now on a portion of David's history sensibly different from what we have already had, which closed with the efforts of Jonathan to restore matters and to attach Saul to him at least openly. J...

  • James Nisbet's Church Pulpit Commentary

    _THE CAVE OF ADULLAM_ ‘David escaped to the cave Adullam.’ 1 Samuel 22:1 So well did David play his part that King Achish is deceived, and dismisses him, humorously remarking to his servants that h...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    David now takes his place fully with the excellent of the earth (Hebrews 11:38). There the prophet Gad joins him; he is guided in a direct manner by the plain testimony of God, and soon after he is jo...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    DAVID THEREFORE DEPARTED FROM THENCE,.... From Gath, being driven by Achish from his court, and let go by his servants, and glad he was of the deliverance: AND ESCAPED TO THE CAVE ADULLAM; which was...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard [it], they went down thither to him. Ver. 1. _David therefore departed thence....

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _To the cave of Adullam_ Which was a strong hold in the tribe of Judah, 1 Chronicles 11:15; Joshua 15:35. This place, fortified by nature, is so fitted for the security of persons in distress, accordi...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 Companies resort vnto Dauid at Adullam. 3 At Mizpeh he commendeth his parents vnto the King of Moab. 5 Admonished by Gad, hee commeth to Hareth. 6 Saul going to pursue him, complaineth of his ser...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    DAVID A FUGITIVE IN JUDAH AND MOAB...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    David, therefore, because he could find no refuge in the land of the Philistines, DEPARTED THENCE AND ESCAPED TO THE CAVE ADULLAM, in the foothills of the Judean mountains, about sixteen miles southwe...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    David wrotePsalms 34:1 at this time, which shows that he was truly restored to the Lord. Verse 4 of that Psalm is particularly significant, "I sought the Lord and He heard me, and delivered me from al...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    1-5 See what weak instruments God sometimes uses, to bring about his own purposes. The Son of David is ready to receive distressed souls, who will be commanded by him. He receives all who come unto H...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    1 SAMUEL CHAPTER 22 David cometh to Adullam, where companies resort to him, 1 SAMUEL 22:1,2. He goeth to Mizpeh, and commendeth his parents to the king of Moab, 1 SAMUEL 22:3,4. Admonished by Gad, he...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    1 Samuel 22:1 David H1732 departed H3212 (H8799) escaped H4422 (H8735) cave H4631 Adullam H5725 brothers H251 father

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    THE GLORY OF GOD IS REVEALED IN THE CAVE OF ADULLAM: DAVID ESTABLISHES THE BEGINNINGS OF HIS PRIVATE ARMY AND RE-ESTABLISHES THE FUTURE (1 SAMUEL 22:1). Having barely escaped from Gath with his life D...

  • Sermon Bible Commentary

    1 Samuel 22:1 Notice: I. David's escape to the cave of Adullam. Sudden preferment is often followed by unexpected reverses. (1) It was a place of safety. (2) It was a place of comparative seclusion....

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: David in rejection gathers mighty men. His wanderings and dangers. CHARACTERS: David, Saul, Gad, Ahimelech, Doeg, Abiathar. CONCLUSION: Those who give way to jealousy are in a continual ag...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    1 Samuel 22:10. _He enquired of the Lord for him._ This was a lie, which Doeg invented to ingratiate himself with Saul: 1 Samuel 22:22; Psalms 52:3....

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave of Adullam._ DAVID AT THE CAVE OF ADULLAM David had strangled a lion, slain a giant, and overcome two hundred Philistines; but he is himself...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL AND EXPOSITORY NOTES— 1 Samuel 22:1. “ADULLAM.” “The site of Adullam (mentioned in Joshua 15:35, etc) has not yet been identified, but from the mention of it in the above and other passages i...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION COMMENCEMENT OF DAVID'S LIFE AS AN OUTLAW. 1 SAMUEL 22:1 THE CAVE ADULLAM. According to Josephus this was situated near a city of the same name ('Ant.,'...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    And he went from there, and he escaped to the cave at Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard of it, they went down to him there. And every one that was in distress, and every...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    1 Chronicles 11:15; 1 Samuel 21:10; 2 Samuel 23:13; 2 Samuel 23:14;...

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