ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:1 Introduction. The author sets the scene
for the main action by describing Queen Vashti’s downfall (Esther
1:1), her replacement by Esther (Esther 2:1), and how Mordecai
prevented a plot against the king (Esther 2:19).
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:2 SUSA, in western PERSIA (now Shush, in
southwestern Iran), was one of Persia’s four capital cities (see
Nehemiah 1:1; Daniel 8:2). MEDIA. Northwestern Persia, near the
Caspian Sea. Once a separate nation, it was conquered c. 550 B.C. by
Cyrus the Great, who founded the Pers... [ Continue Reading ]
ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:4 The 180 DAYS were probably spent in
festivities including lavish meals. THE CITADEL probably refers to the
fortified palace complex. The FEAST LASTING FOR SEVEN DAYS probably
completed the 180 days of festivities.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:6 NO COMPULSION. King Ahasuerus set aside
the custom that everyone had to drink whenever the king drank. A
separate FEAST FOR THE WOMEN was another departure from normal Persian
practice (see v. Esther 1:8; Esther 5:5).
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:10 EUNUCHS. Castrated men who, among other
duties, SERVED in the royal harem.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:12 The author does not explain why VASHTI
REFUSED TO COME. Even the queen was expected to obey the king
absolutely.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:13 WISE MEN. Official advisers to the king.
THE TIMES. The most favorable times for particular actions (see Esther
3:7). THE SEVEN PRINCES. The inner circle of the king’s advisers.
MEDIA. See note on 1:2–3.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:15 MEMUCAN repeatedly uses the word ALL to
warn the king of a breakdown of proper domestic order throughout
society.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:19 The Persian king’s laws, once WRITTEN,
MAY NOT BE REPEALED (see Daniel 6:8). This could cause complications
if the king changed his mind (see Esther 8:5; Daniel 6:14). NEVER
AGAIN implies divorce and the end of her queenship.
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ESTHER—NOTE ON ESTHER 1:21 SPEAK ACCORDING TO THE LANGUAGE OF HIS
PEOPLE. This command is probably intended to ensure that all family
members everywhere understand the edict.
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