EXODUS 32:1 Covenant Breach, Intercession, and Renewal. This section
illustrates Israel’s need for sanctification from the Lord.
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:4 THESE ARE YOUR GODS, O ISRAEL. The
plurals “these” and “gods” may mean that the people considered
the CALF to be another god equal to the Lord. Whatever they may have
thought, their words and actions clearly violate both the first and
second commandments (Exodus 20:3).
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:6 The people offered BURNT OFFERINGS and
PEACE OFFERINGS to the calf. These were the same offerings they had
made to the Lord at Mount Sinai just before promising to keep his
covenant (see Exodus 24:5).
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:11 In his intercession, Moses uses the
Lord’s own words when he refers to Israel as “YOUR PEOPLE” (see
v. Exodus 32:7).
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:16 THE WRITING WAS THE WRITING OF GOD. See
Exodus 31:18.
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:19 When Moses saw the golden calf, his
ANGER BURNED HOT. The same words describe the Lord’s response (v.
Exodus 32:10), and Aaron uses the same term in v. Exodus 32:22,
pleading that the Lord would not let his anger “burn hot.” When
Moses throws down the TABLETS and breaks t... [ Continue Reading ]
EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:20 The text does not explain why the people
had to drink the WATER containing the powdered remains of the calf. It
may represent (1) a further step in the destruction and desecration of
the idol, (2) a step in shaming the Israelites for their folly, or (3)
a type of test, li... [ Continue Reading ]
EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:24 Amid these serious circumstances, there
is pathetic humor in Aaron’s feeble attempt to claim that he merely
threw the metal into the fire AND OUT CAME THIS CALF (see v. Exodus
32:4).
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:27 EACH OF YOU KILL HIS BROTHER AND HIS
COMPANION AND HIS NEIGHBOR. The Levites were to kill anyone guilty of
violating God’s laws. In light of “whoever has sinned against
me” (v. Exodus 32:33), it seems unlikely that the killing was
random.
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 32:33 The Lord determines whose names will be
in his BOOK. Compare “the book of the living” (Psalms 69:28),
“the book” (Daniel 12:1), “names... written in heaven” (Luke
10:20), “the book of life” (Philippians 4:3).
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