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The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

Exodus 7:13

EXODUS—NOTE ON Exodus 7:13 While the recurring references to the hardness of Pharaoh’s heart show that the Lord is sovereign over the events (see Exodus 4:21; Exodus 7:3), they also show that Pharaoh is responsible for his own actions (see also Exodus 8:15, Exodus 8:32). See also Psalms 95:8; Hebrews 3:7.

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See also Exodus 7:13 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse Exodus 7:13. _AND HE HARDENED PHARAOH'S HEART_] ויחזק לב פרעה _vaiyechezah leb Paroh_, "And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened," the identical words which in Exodus 7:22 are thus translated, and...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    AND HE HARDENED - Or Pharaoh’s heart was hardened. See Exodus 4:21....

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER S 6:28-7:13 THE RENEWED COMMISSION AND BEFORE PHARAOH AGAIN _ 1. Renewed commission and renewed hesitation (Exodus 6:28)_ 2. Jehovah's instructions (Exodus 7:1) 3. Before Pharaoh and the si...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EXODUS 7:8 P. AARON AND THE MAGICIANS: HARDENING OF PHARAOH'S HEART. Magic and religion are, in the last analysis, fundamentally diverse; for, while magic claims to put a compelling constraint upon oc...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    HE HARDENED. The Hebrew here is "Pharaoh's heart was hardened". See on Exodus 4:21. AS. according as. IT WILL BE NOTICED that the number _nine is_ connected with judgment (see App-10), and that the...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    AND HE HARDENED PHARAOH'S HEART— _And Pharaoh's heart was hardened_ says Dr. Waterland. The same phrase occurs, Exodus 7:22 and ought in ours, as in other versions, to have been rendered the same in b...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    THE TEXT OF EXODUS TRANSLATION 7 And Je-ho-vah said unto Mo-ses. See, I have made thee as God to Pha-raoh; and Aar-on thy brother shall be thy prophet. (2) Thou shalt speak all that I command thee; an...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    _AND HE HARDENED PHARAOH'S HEART, THAT HE HEARKENED NOT UNTO THEM; AS THE LORD HAD SAID._ No JFB commentary on this verse....

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    HE HARDENED PHARAOH'S HEART] This should be 'Pharaoh's heart was hardened,' as in RV. The Heb. is the same here as in Exodus 7:22 : see on Exodus 4:21. 14-25. The First Plague:—The Water of the Nile...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE ROD OF MOSES TURNED INTO A SERPENT. THE FIRST PLAGUE 1. A god to Pharaoh] see on Exodus 4:16. THY PROPHET] A prophet is a spokesman. The prophets of God are those who declare His will. In doing th...

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    EXODUS: ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION THE *ISRAELITES LEAVE EGYPT EXODUS CHAPTER S 1 TO 18 _HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_ CHAPTER 7 V1 Then the *LORD replied to Moses. ‘Listen! Your brother, Aaron, w...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    He hardened Pharaoh’s heart. — This is a mis-translation. The verb is intransitive, and “Pharaoh’s heart” is its nominative case. Translate, “Pharaoh’s heart hardened itself.” It is essential to the i...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    וַ יֶּחֱזַק֙ לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְ לֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    CHAPTER VII. _ THE HARDENING OF PHARAOH'S HEART._ Exodus 7:3. When Moses received his commission, at the bush, words were spoken which are now repeated with more emphasis, and which have to be consi...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    PHARAOH STUBBORN AGAINST ISRAEL'S RELEASE Exodus 6:28; Exodus 7:1 How often we say in a similar tone, “I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh hearken unto me?” Forty years in the wildernes...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    We have here the record of God's answer to Moses' difficulty. He reaffirmed Himself and charged His servant to speak to Pharaoh the things commanded. Moreover, He foretold the result of the delivery o...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    Exodus 4:21; Zechariah 7:11....

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    There is hardly a book of the Old Testament that stands out in more decided contrast with the book of Genesis than the one which follows it most closely. And this is the more striking, because God emp...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 5 THROUGH 13. At the news of the goodness of God, the people adore Him; but the struggle against the power of evil is another matter. Satan will not let the p...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    AND HE HARDENED PHARAOH'S HEART,.... Or, "notwithstanding the heart of Pharaoh was hardened" a; though he saw the rods of his magicians devoured by rod; or "therefore" b his heart was hardened, becaus...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said. Ver. 13. And he hardened Pharaoh's heart.] Not by bare prescience, or permission only, but by withdrawing his g...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _And he hardened Pharaoh's heart_ That is, permitted it to be hardened: or, as the very same Hebrew word is rendered in Exodus 7:22, _Pharaoh's heart was hardened._...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 Moses is encouraged to go to Pharaoh. 7 His age. 8 His rod is turned into a Serpent. 11 The sorcerers do the like. 13 Pharaohs heart is hardened. 14 Gods message to Pharaoh. 19 The riuer is tu...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    And He hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the Lord had said. The fact that his wise men with their witchcraft succeeded in imitating the miracle of Aaron was enough to decid...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    THE MIRACLES IN THE PRESENCE OF PHARAOH...

  • Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures

    SECOND SECTION The miracles of Moses, or the result of the nine Egyptian Plagues, preliminary to the last. Pharaoh’s alternate repentance and obduracy Exodus 7:8 to Exodus 10:29 A. MOSES’ MIRACULOUS...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    GOD'S ANSWER TO MOSES (vs.1-7) Though Moses had protested that he was of uncircumcised lips, God assured him that He was making Moses a god to Pharaoh, therefore that Pharaoh would not be able to tot...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    8-13 What men dislike, because it opposes their pride and lusts, they will not be convinced of; but it is easy to cause them to believe things they wish to be true. God always sends with his word ful...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    HE, the Lord, to whom this act of hardening is frequently ascribed both in this book and elsewhere....

  • Notes on the Pentateuch by Charles Henry Mackintosh

    11 These five Chapter s form one distinct section, the contents of which may be distributed into the three following divisions, namely, the ten judgements from the hand of Jehovah; the resistance of...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Exodus 7:13 Pharaohs H6547 heart H3820 hard H2388 (H8799) heed H8085 (H8804) LORD H3068 said H1696 ...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    YAHWEH ENCOURAGES MOSES TO GO FORWARD (EXODUS 7:1). a Yahweh tells Moses that He has made him as a God to Pharaoh, with Aaron as his prophet (Exodus 7:1). b Moses is therefore to say all that Yahweh...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Contest with Pharaoh. First plague. Water turned to blood. CHARACTERS: God, Moses, Aaron, Pharaoh, magician. CONCLUSION: We see God's almighty power, the unstability of all things under th...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Exodus 7:1. _I have made thee a god._ אלהים _Elohim._ The Chaldaic renders it תחי ליה לרב Thou shalt be to him for a prince. The divine sense of the word is, I have invested thee with Godlike powers t...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL NOTES.— Exodus 7:9. Miracle] A splendid or conspicuous deed: Sept. “sign or wonder;” vulg. “sign.” SERPENT] Prob. of a large species; and in Exodus 7:10; Exodus 7:12. called _tannin_ (lit. “e...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION THE FIRST SIGN, AND ITS FAILURE TO CONVINCE. Obeying the command given them (Exodus 7:2, Exodus 7:9), Moses and Aaron went to the court a second time, and entering into

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    And the Lord said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet. Thou shalt speak all that I command thee: and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Phara...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    Exodus 7:4 Exodus 4:21 Exodus 8:15 Exodus 10:1 Exodus 10:20...

  • Wells of Living Water Commentary

    FAITH AS EXEMPLIFIED IN MOSES Selections from Exodus 3:1; Exodus 6:1; Exodus 7:1; Exodus 8:1;...

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    And he harden'd Pharaoh's heart — That is, permitted it to be hardened....

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