HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:1 The man-made gods that Israel worships are
nothing compared to their actual God, who is living, active, and true
to his word.
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HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:2 WHO OFFER HUMAN SACRIFICE. Child sacrifice
was part of Baal worship (Isaiah 57:5). KISS CALVES. Kissing is a way
of showing submission (1 Kings 19:18). Calf worship was a problem
throughout the history of Israel (see Exodus 32:1; 1 Kings 12:1).
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HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:4 BUT I AM THE LORD YOUR GOD FROM THE LAND OF
EGYPT. This is a solemn statement that recalls Exodus 20:2. The
passing work of the craftsmen who make idols (Hosea 13:2) is
contrasted with the God who sustained Israel IN THE LAND OF DROUGHT by
his devoted care.
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HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:7 LION... LEOPARD... BEAR. Images of judgment
(see Hosea 5:14; Amos 3:12).
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HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:9 Ephraim, by its stubborn refusal to return
to the Lord, rejects the only hope that God offers. Three figures of
judgment are pronounced in these verses: the incompetent king (vv.
Hosea 13:10), the unborn child (vv. Hosea 13:13), and the withering
wind of God (v. Hosea 13:15)... [ Continue Reading ]
HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:12 THE INIQUITY OF EPHRAIM IS BOUND UP; HIS
SIN IS KEPT IN STORE probably suggests that Ephraim holds on to its
sins and will not ask the Lord to forgive them. HE DOES NOT PRESENT
HIMSELF. Ephraim, in its refusal to repent and be healed, is likened
to a baby who refuses to be... [ Continue Reading ]
HOSEA—NOTE ON HOSEA 13:14 SHALL I RANSOM THEM FROM THE POWER OF
SHEOL? In the OT, “Sheol” is a proper name and can be a metaphor
for the grave (e.g., 1 Kings 2:6; Psalms 141:7). It can also represent
the wicked person’s grim destination after death (see Psalms 49:14).
The parallel wording with Psalm... [ Continue Reading ]