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The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

Jonah 4:6

JONAH—NOTE ON Jonah 4:6 the LORD God appointed. This is the second use of the verb “appoint” (see note on 1:17). Discomfort (or “evil”; see esv footnote and note on 1:2) refers both to Jonah’s outer “discomfort” and to his inner “evil.” Jonah was exceedingly glad. The grammar of this phrase is identical to that at the beginning of Jonah 4:1 (“It displeased Jonah exceedingly”). This highlights the contrast between Jonah’s anger at the salvation of the Ninevites and his joy at his own salvation.

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See also Jonah 4:6 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse Jonah 4:6. _AND THE LORD GOD PREPARED A GOURD_] I believe this should be rendered in the preterpluperfect tense. The Lord HAD prepared - this plant, קיקיון _kikayon_. It had in the course of Go...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    AND THE LORD GOD PREPARED A GOURD - , (a palm-christ, English margin, rightly.) . “God again commanded the gourd, as he did the whale, willing only that this should be. Forthwith it springs up beautif...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 4 Jonah's Discontent and Correction _ 1. Jonah's discontent (John 4:1) _ 2. The correction (John 4:4) John 4:1. All that had happened displeased Jonah exceedingly and he was very angry. Did...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    JONAH 4. JONAH'S INTOLERANCE REBUKED AND GOD'S MERCY VINDICATED. God's clemency to Nineveh made Jonah very angry. It was not, as we might be tempted to suppose, that he felt his professional credit as...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    GOD. Hebrew. _Elohim_ (i.e. Creator). App-4. PREPARED. appointed: as in verses: Jonah 4:7; Jonah 4:8, Jon 4:17. GOURD. Hebrew. _kikayon_. Art Egyptian word. SHADOW. TO DELIVER HIM. Note the Figure...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    Jonah 4:1-11. Jonah's Displeasure, and its Rebuke Greatly displeased at the clemency of God towards Nineveh, Jonah confesses that it was the expectation that that clemency would be exercised, which r...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    _prepared_ Rather, APPOINTED. And so in Jonah 4:7. See Jonah 1:17, note. _a gourd_ This is the only place in the Old Testament in which the Hebrew word here translated _gourd_occurs. It is quite a dif...

  • Charles Box Commentaries

    _JONAH'S GOURD VINE AND A WORM -- JONAH 4:6-8_ : God continued to love his pouting prophet so He "prepared a gourd and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shade over his head, to deliver...

  • Charles Simeon's Horae Homileticae

    DISCOURSE: 1203 JONAH’S GOURD John 4:5. So Jonah went out of the city, and sat on the east side of the city, and there made him a booth, and sat under it in the shadow, till he might see what would be...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    SO JONAH WENT OUT, &C.— _Now Jonah had gone out—and he sat,_ &c. The author of the _Observations_ asks upon this difficult passage, Did Jonah make himself a booth of boughs, in which to wait the event...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    GOD'S MESSENGER RUNNING AHEAD OF GODTHE DEMONSTRATION BY JEHOVAH TEXT: Jonah 4:4-10 4 And Jehovah said, Doest thou well to be angry? 5 Then Jonah went out of the city, and sat on the east side of...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd. GOURD - Hebre...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    JONAH'S JEALOUSY CONTRASTED WITH JEHOVAH'S COMPASSION 1. Jonah's anger has a double cause, wounded pride that his words are proved false, and indignation that the God of Israel should pity heathen, o...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    GOURD] most likely the bottle-gourd, often planted to grow over trellis-work, whose broad leaves would form a good protection against the sun....

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    THE MAN WHO DISAGREED WITH GOD JONAH _MARK KIRKPATRICK_ CHAPTER 4 V1 Jonah was upset and angry. V2 He complained, ‘Lord, did I not say before I left home that you would do this? I thought that yo...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    PREPARED. — See Note, Jonah 1:17. A GOURD. — So the LXX. render the Hebrew _qiqaion,_ which, since the time of Jerome, has been usually identified with the Arabic _el keroa,_ the castor-oil tree (_Ric...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    וַ יְמַ֣ן יְהוָֽה ־אֱ֠לֹהִים קִיקָיֹ֞ון וַ יּ

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    ISRAEL'S JEALOUSY OF JEHOVAH John 4:1 HAVING illustrated the truth, that the Gentiles are capable of repentance unto life, the Book now describes the effect of their escape upon Jonah, and closes by...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    THE PROPHET'S NARROWNESS REBUKED John 4:1-11 This chapter marks an era in the development of the outlook of the Hebrew people. Here, upon its repentance, a heathen city was pardoned. Clearly Jehovah...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    The final picture of the controversy between Jonah and Jehovah reveals most vividly, through Jonah, the attitude of the ancient people which his story was intended to correct, and Jehovah's care for,...

  • Geneva Study Bible Commentary

    And the LORD God prepared a (f) gourd, and made [it] to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd. (f) Which...

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    The Lord God prepared an ivy. Hederam. In the Hebrew it is kikajon, which some render a gourd; others a palmerist, or palma Christi. (Challoner) --- This latter is now the common opinion. St.Jerome ex...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    I cannot sufficiently admire, nor adore, the condescending benignity of the Lord, in the tender method the Lord took to recover the Prophet from his petulance. Reader! look at the Lord in those gracio...

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    Lectures on the Minor Prophets. W. Kelly. The most cursory reader can hardly avoid seeing that Jonah has a peculiar place among the prophets. There is none more intensely Jewish; yet his prophecy was...

  • James Nisbet's Church Pulpit Commentary

    _THE PREPARATIONS OF GOD_ ‘The Lord God prepared.’ Jonah 4:6 There is often great looseness and want of precision in our thoughts about God and His actings. And these always produce their natural e...

  • John Brown Commentaries Selected Books of the Bible

    Gordo I. INTRODUCTION A. This morning we come to the 4th and final chapter of the book of Jonah. 1. As far a Nineveh is concerned, the book could have ended with chapter 3. a) They repented, the L...

  • John Calvin's Bible Commentary

    Before I proceed to treat on the contents of these verses, I will say a few things on the word קיקיון, _kikiun_; for there were formerly some disputes respecting this word. Some render it, a gourd; (_...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    The God of grace has compassion on the works of His hands, when they humble themselves before Him and tremble at the hearing of His righteous judgments. But Jonah, instead of caring for them, thinks o...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    AND THE LORD GOD PREPARED A GOURD,.... So the Septuagint render the word; but some say that a worm will not touch that; Jerom renders it an ivy; but neither the gourd nor that rise upwards without som...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made [it] to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd. Ver. 6. _And...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    _Doest thou well to be angry?_ What a mild reproof was this from God, for such a passionate behaviour as Jonah manifested! Here the prophet experienced that Jehovah was _a gracious God, merciful, and...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    And the Lord God prepared a gourd, the castor-oil plant, commonly called palm-crist, AND MADE IT TO COME UP OVER JONAH, the plant growing up very rapidly, with its large leaves quickly casting a pleas...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    JONAH'S DISPLEASURE AND THE LORD'S REPROOF. That Jonah was easily swayed by his emotions is evident from the entire story of his book, but appears particularly from the last Chapter. At the same time...

  • Marginal Notes in the King James Version (1611)

    GOURD: Or, palmcrist. _Heb._ Kikajon EXCEEDING GLAD: _ Heb._ rejoiced with great joy...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    5-11 Jonah went out of the city, yet remained near at hand, as if he expected and desired its overthrow. Those who have fretful, uneasy spirits, often make troubles for themselves, that they may stil...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    OLBHeb; PREPARED; commanded that in the place where Jonah's booth stood, this herb, or spreading plant, should spring up to be a shade when the gathered boughs are withered. A GOURD: it is not certain...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Jonah 4:6 LORD H3068 God H430 prepared H4487 (H8762) plant H7021 up H5927 (H8799) Jonah H3124 shade...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    YHWH USES AN ILLUSTRATION IN ORDER TO DEMONSTRATE TO JONAH THE REASONABLENESS OF HIS MERCY (JONAH 4:1). The mercy of YHWH having been revealed in chapter 1 to the mariners, in chapter 2 to Jonah, and...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    ‘And YHWH God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, in order that it might be a shade over his head, to deliver him from his evil situation.' The shelter had clearly failed to protect J...

  • Scofield's Bible Commentary

    PREPARED Four prepared things. (Jonah 1:17); (Jonah 4:6); (Jonah 4:7); (Jonah 4:8)....

  • Sermon Bible Commentary

    John 4:6 I. Jonah's gourd was all but certainly the palm-Christ, so-called because it is a five-leaved plant, one leaf of which outspread resembles a man's hand. It was thought to represent the hand o...

  • Sermon Bible Commentary

    JONAH 1-4 Jonah buried and risen a type of Christ. I. More than once in the course of our Lord's ministry, among different persons and for different objects, He makes use of the similitude of the pro...

  • Spurgeon's Bible Commentary

    You know all about Jonah's refusal to go upon the Lord's errand, and how he was held to it, and carried to his work in a great fish as he would not go by himself. Somehow or other, God will make his s...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Jonah's displeasure over God's action toward Nineveh. The sheltering gourd. CHARACTERS: God, Jonah. CONCLUSION: Though there be these who find it in their hearts to quarrel with the goodnes...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Jonah 4:6. _A gourd._ Plants of this genera exceed all others in the rapidity of their growth. Jonah 4:11. _Six score thousand_ infants. By consequence, the elder children and adults, must have swell...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _So Jonah went out of the city._ GOD’S EXPOSTULATION WITH JONAH We may presume that Jonah had two reasons for going out of Nineveh. One was, that he might provide for his personal safety. The other,...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _And the Lord God prepared a gourd._ THE EASTERN GOURD Is there any gourd in Palestine of growth so rapid as to lay a foundation for the statement that Jonah’s grew up in a night? Certainly not. With...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL NOTES.] ANGRY] Lit. hot with anger; to burn inwardly: the verb usually restricted to anger, but (Jonah 4:4; Jonah 4:9) rendered to grieve. Jonah’s vexation grew to anger. Nineveh’s destructio...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION JONAH 4:1 JONAH'S DISPLEASURE AND ITS CORRECTION. JONAH 4:1 1. Jonah is grieved at the sparing of Nineveh, the expectation of which had led to his former flight

  • The Typology of Scripture by Patrick Fairbairn

    In transcribing the account of this transaction, we must take leave to substitute the Septuagint rendering, for that in the common version, of the peculiar phrase explained in a note at the beginning...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was very angry. And he prayed unto the LORD, and he said, I pray thee, O LORD, was not this what I said to you, when I was still in my own country? And this...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    1 Corinthians 7:30; Amos 6:13; Esther 5:9; Isaiah 39:2; Jonah 1:17;...

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    Prepared — Commanded that in the place where Jonah's booth stood, this spreading plant should spring up to be a shade when the gathered boughs were withered. To deliver — To give some ease to his mind...

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