JUDGES—NOTE ON Judges 2:13 Ashtaroth is the plural of Ashtoreth, a goddess of fertility, love, and war closely associated with Baal (Judges 10:6; 1 Samuel 12:10). Ashtoreth is also known by her Greek name Astarte and in Mesopotamian texts as Ishtar. She should not be confused with Asherah (plural Asheroth; see notes on Judg. 3:7; 6:25–26).

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