MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:1 The parable of the WEDDING FEAST
describes the judgment of irresponsible religious leaders (see note on
21:43).
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:3 THEY WOULD NOT COME. To refuse a direct
invitation from the king would be an extreme insult and a challenge to
his authority.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:7 BURNED THEIR CITY. An extreme
punishment reserved for rebellion against the king; possibly an
allusion to the future destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:9 The wedding invitation to those not
previously invited anticipates the spread of the gospel to the
Gentiles (Matthew 28:18; Acts 1:8; Romans 1:16). See note on Matt.
15:24.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:11 A MAN WHO HAD NO WEDDING GARMENT.
Everyone was invited, but proper wedding clothing was still expected.
This proper clothing could have been either a special garment provided
by the king (see Genesis 45:22; Esther 6:8; compare Ezekiel 16:10) or
a clean garment, symboliz... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:13 WEEPING AND GNASHING OF TEETH. See
note on 8:11–12.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:14 MANY ARE CALLED... FEW ARE CHOSEN.
When the gospel is proclaimed, only those who are the elect respond
with true faith (see Matthew 11:27; Matthew 24:22, Matthew 24:24,
Matthew 24:31; 1 Corinthians 1:24,... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:15 ENTANGLE. The Pharisees hope that
Jesus will say something that will make him look guilty of breaking
the law. They hope they can use this to bring him to the Romans for
execution.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:16 HERODIANS. A loosely organized group
that sought to advance the political and economic influence of the
Herodian family (c. 37 B.C.–A.D. 93). Although the Herodians and the
Pharisees were on different sides of many political and religious
issues, they join forces here t... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:17 IS IT LAWFUL TO PAY TAXES TO CAESAR,
OR NOT? All of Rome’s subjects were heavily taxed by the empire.
Some Jews believed that paying any tax to pagan rulers contradicted
God’s lordship over his people.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:18 WHY PUT ME TO THE TEST, YOU
HYPOCRITES? Jesus’ enemies thought that, if he said it was right to
pay taxes, he would lose favor with the tax-burdened people, but if he
said it was wrong, they could accuse him of rebellion against Rome.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:19 On one side of the silver DENARIUS was
a profile of Tiberius Caesar. The Latin inscription “Tiberius
Caesar, son of the divine Augustus” was written around the coin’s
perimeter. On the opposite side was a picture of the Roman goddess of
peace, Pax, with the Latin inscri... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:21 RENDER TO CAESAR... AND TO GOD. Jesus
is not establishing a political kingdom in opposition to Caesar. His
followers should pay taxes and obey civil laws. There are matters that
belong to the realm of civil government and matters that belong to
God’s realm. Jesus does n... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:23 SADDUCEES (see note on 3:7) relied
mainly on the first five books of the OT for doctrine. Thus, they did
not believe in the resurrection, because this theme is developed more
clearly in the later OT books (see Isaiah 26:19; Daniel 12:2). They
ASKED HIM A QUESTION in ord... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:24 MOSES SAID. The Sadducees cite the OT
law (Deuteronomy 25:5; see Genesis 38:8): If a man dies without any
children, the man’s brother must marry the widow and help her have a
child. This child will grow up to support his mother in her old age.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:29 BUT ARE LIKE ANGELS IN HEAVEN who do
not marry or have children. This teaching might at first seem
discouraging to married couples who deeply love each other. Yet people
will know their loved ones in heaven (see Matthew 8:11; Luke 9:30,
Luke 9:33).
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:31 I AM THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, AND... ISAAC,
AND... JACOB. The present tense in the quotation from Exodus 3:6 shows
that God was still in covenant relationship with the patriarchs, even
though they had died centuries earlier. The Sadducees should recognize
God’s power to rais... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:35 A LAWYER is an expert in the law; it
is another term for “scribes of the Pharisees” (Mark 2:16; see
Acts 23:9).
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:36 THE GREAT COMMANDMENT. The rabbis had
an ongoing debate regarding which commandments were “light” and
which were “weighty” (compare Matthew 23:23; see note on 5:19).
THE LAW refers here to the entire OT.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:37 LOVE THE LORD YOUR GOD... HEART...
SOUL... MIND. This command from Deuteronomy 6:5 was repeated twice
daily by faithful Jews. It expresses the idea of total devotion to
God. It includes the duty to obey the rest of God’s commandments
(see Matthew 5:16). “Heart,” “soul,”... [ Continue Reading ]
MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:39 YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS
YOURSELF. See Leviticus 19:18, Leviticus 19:34.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:40 THE LAW AND THE PROPHETS. See note on
5:17.
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MATTHEW—NOTE ON MATTHEW 22:41 Jesus now ASKED the Pharisees about
the long-awaited Messiah (THE CHRIST), WHOSE SON IS HE? Their reply,
THE SON OF DAVID, reflected the common understanding that the Messiah
would be a descendant of David (see 2 Samuel 7:12; Psalms 89:3; Isaiah
11:1; Jeremiah 23:5). Je... [ Continue Reading ]