1 Timothy 6:1,2
The duty of Christian slaves to heathen and Christian masters respectively.... [ Continue Reading ]
The duty of Christian slaves to heathen and Christian masters respectively.... [ Continue Reading ]
The politico-social problem of the first ages of Christianity was the relation of freemen to slaves, just as the corresponding problem before the Church in our own day is the relation of the white to the coloured races. The grand truth of the brotherhood of man is the revolutionary fire which Christ... [ Continue Reading ]
A Christian slave would be more likely to presume on his newly acquired theory of liberty, equality and fraternity in relation to a Christian master than in relation to one that was a heathen. The position of a Christian master must have been a difficult one, distracted between the principles of a f... [ Continue Reading ]
ἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖ : See note on 1 Timothy 1:3. καὶ μὴ : Blass (_Gramm_. p. 514) notes this case of μή following εἰ with the indicative (supposed reality) as an abnormal conformity to classical use. The usual N.T. use, εἰ … οὐ, appears in 1 Timothy 3:5; 1 Timothy 5:8. In these examples, however, the ο... [ Continue Reading ]
Thoughts about the right use of wealth are suggested by the slave problem, a mischievous attitude towards which is associated with false doctrine. If a man possesses himself, he has enough. This possession is eternal as well as temporal. This is my lesson for the poor, for you as a man of God (and I... [ Continue Reading ]
τετύφωται : _inflatus est_ ([290], [291] 50, [292]); _superbus est_ (Vulg.). See on 1 Timothy 3:6. [290] The Latin text of Codex Claromontanus (sæc. vi.), a Græco-Latin MS. at Paris, edited by Tischendorf in 1852. [291] _Speculum_ [292] Cod. Frisingensis νοσῶν : _morbidly busy_ (Liddon), _langue... [ Continue Reading ]
διαπαρατριβαί : The force of the διά is expressed in the R.V., _wranglings_, which denotes _protracted_ quarrellings, _perconfricationes_ ([294]), _conflictationes_ ([295], Vulg.). Field (_in loc_.) comparing διαμάχεσθαι, διαφιλοτιμεῖσθαι, etc., prefers the sense of _reciprocity, mutual irritations,... [ Continue Reading ]
The repetition of πορισμός in a fresh idealised sense is parallel to the transfigured sense in which νομίμως is used in 1 Timothy 1:8. αὐταρκείας : not here _sufficientia_ (Vulg.), though that is an adequate rendering in 2 Corinthians 9:8. St. Paul did not mean to express the sentiment of the A.V. o... [ Continue Reading ]
The reasoning of this clause depends on the evident truth that since a man comes naked into this world (Job 1:21), and when he leaves it can “take nothing for his labour, which he may carry away in his hand” (Ecclesiastes 5:15; Psalms 49:17), nothing the world can give is any addition to the man him... [ Continue Reading ]
ἔχοντες δέ : The δέ has a slightly adversative force, guarding against a too literal conclusion from 1 Timothy 6:7. It is true that “unaccommodated man” (_Lear_, iii. 4) is “a man for a' that,” yet he has wants while alive, though his real wants are few. σκεπάσματα : may include clothes and shelter... [ Continue Reading ]
οἱ δὲ βουλόμενοι : St. Chrysostom calls attention to the fact that St. Paul does not say, _They that are rich_, but _They that desire to be rich_ (R.V.), they that make the acquisition of riches their aim. The warning applies to all grades of wealth: all come under it whose ambition is to have more... [ Continue Reading ]
ῥίζα, κ. τ. λ.: _The root of all evils_. The R.V., _a root of all kinds of evil_ is not satisfactory. The position of ῥίζα in the sentence shows that it is emphatic. Field (_in loc_.) cites similar examples of the absence of the article collected by Wetstein from Athenæus, vii. p. 280 A (ἀρχὴ καὶ ῥί... [ Continue Reading ]
ὦ ἄνθρωπε θεοῦ : It argues a very inadequate appreciation of the fervour of the writer to suppose, as Theod. does, that this is an official title. The apostrophe is a personal appeal, arising out of the topic of other-worldliness which begins in 1 Timothy 6:5. Timothy, as a Christian man, had been c... [ Continue Reading ]
1 Timothy 6:11-16 are a digression into a personal appeal. _Cf._ 2 Timothy 2:1; 2 Timothy 3:10; 2Ti 3:14; 2 Timothy 4:5.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἀγωνίζου … ἀγῶνα : There is evidence that ἀγωνίζομαι ἀγῶνα had become a stereotyped expression, perhaps from the line of Euripides: καίτοι καλόν γʼ ἂν τόνδʼ ἀγῶνʼ ἠγωνίσω (_Alcestis_, 648 or 664). See an Athenian inscription quoted by Moulton and Milligan, _Expositor_, vii., vi. 370. Nevertheless th... [ Continue Reading ]
παραγγέλλω σοι : St. Paul passes in thought from the past epoch in Timothy's life, with its human witnesses, among whom was the apostle himself, to the present probation of Timothy, St. Paul far away; and he feels impelled to remind his lieutenant that there are Witnesses of his conduct whose real t... [ Continue Reading ]
τηρῆσαι κ. τ. λ.: The phrase τηρεῖν τὴν ἐντολήν, τὰς ἐντολάς or τὸν λόγον, τοὺς λόγους is a common one; found in Matthew 19:17, and especially in the Johannine writings; but wherever it occurs it means _to obey_ or _observe_ a command or a saying; whereas here it means _to preserve intact_. Perhaps... [ Continue Reading ]
καιροῖς ἰδίοις : See note on 1 Timothy 2:6. _In due season_ may refer primarily either to the appropriateness of the occasion of the ἐπιφάνεια or to the supreme will of the δυνάστης. The wording of the discouragement given by Jesus, in Acts 1:7, to those who would pry into the future makes it natura... [ Continue Reading ]
ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν : God the Father is the subject of this whole attribution; and it is the Catholic doctrine that He alone has endless existence as His _essential_ property, (οὐσίᾳ ἀθάνατος οὐ μετουσίᾳ, Theod. _Dial_. iii. p. 145, quoted by Ell.). God the Son and God the Holy Spirit are co-eter... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι : It is the present contrast, not that between riches in this world and riches in the world to come (as Chrys.), that the apostle has in mind. Those who have money may, as well as those “that are poor as to the world,” be “rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom, etc.” (James 2:5). T... [ Continue Reading ]
ἀγαθοεργεῖν : corrects any possible misunderstanding of εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν. πλουτεῖν ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς : see note on 1 Timothy 3:1. _Cf._ εἰς θεὸν πλουτῶν, Luke 12:21. εὐμεταδότους : _facile tribuere_ (Vulg.), _ready to impart_ (_cf._ the use of μεταδίδωμι in Luke 3:11; Romans 1:11; Romans 12:8; Ephesian... [ Continue Reading ]
ἀποθησαυρίζοντας : The true hoarding produces, as its first result, a good foundation, which will entitle a man to grasp the prize, which is true life, the only life worth talking about. Stability is the essential characteristic of a foundation. There is a contrast implied between the shifting uncer... [ Continue Reading ]
As Ell. points out, this concluding apostrophe, like the last paragraph in 2 Cor. (2 Corinthians 13:11 _sqq_,), is a summary of the whole epistle. On the intensity of the appeal in the use of the personal name see on 1 Timothy 1:18. τὴν παραθήκην : _depositum_. The term occurs in a similar connexio... [ Continue Reading ]
τινες : See note on 1 Timothy 1:3. ἐπαγγελλόμενοι : See note on 1 Timothy 2:10. περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἠστόχησαν : See notes on 1Ti 1:6; 1 Timothy 1:19, and reff. μεθʼ ὑμῶν : An argument in support of the μετὰ σοῦ of the Received Text is that μεθʼ ὑμῶν is indisputably the right reading in the correspondi... [ Continue Reading ]