Luke 5 - Introduction
CHAPTER 5. THE CALL OF PETER. THE LEPER. THE PALSIED MAN. THE CALL OF LEVI. FASTING.... [ Continue Reading ]
CHAPTER 5. THE CALL OF PETER. THE LEPER. THE PALSIED MAN. THE CALL OF LEVI. FASTING.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐπικεῖσθαι. In Mt. and Mk. (Matthew 4:18; Mark 1:16) the call of the four disciples took place when Jesus was walking alone. Here Jesus is surrounded by a crowd who pressed upon Him. καὶ ἀκούειν, etc., and were hearing the word of God. The crowd, and their eagerness to hear the word of God (phraseol... [ Continue Reading ]
_The call of Peter_. This narrative, brought in later than the corresponding one in Mk., assumes larger dimensions and an altered character. Peter comes to the front, and the other three named in Mk., James, John and Andrew, retire into the shade; the last-named, indeed, does not appear in the pictu... [ Continue Reading ]
ἑστῶτα : two boats _standing_ by the lake, not necessarily drawn up on shore, but close to land, so that one on shore could enter them. They had just come in from the fishing, and were without occupants, their owners having come on shore to clean their nets.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐμβὰς : this action of Jesus would be noticed of course, and would bring the owner to His side. It was _Simon's_ boat, the man whose mother-in-law, in Lk.'s narrative, had been healed of fever. ἐπαναγαγεῖν, to put out to sea, here and in Luke 5:4 and Matthew 21:18 only. ὀλίγον : just far enough to g... [ Continue Reading ]
εἰς τὸ βάθος, into the deep sea, naturally to be found in the centre, inside the shelving bottom stretching inwards from the shore. χαλάσατε. plural, after ἐπανάγαγε, singular; the latter addressed to Peter as the master, the former denoting an act in which all in the boat would assist. Bornemann (_... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐπιστάτα : Lk.'s name for Jesus as Master, six times; a Greek term for Gentile readers instead of Rabbi = (1) _Master_, then (2) Teacher, “qui enim magistri doctrinae erant, ii magistri simul vitae esse solebant,” Kypke. ἐπὶ τῷ ῥήματί σου, at Thy word or bidding. Success was doubly improbable: it wa... [ Continue Reading ]
διερήσσετο began to break, or were on the point of breaking; on the symbolic theory = the threatened rupture of unity though the success of the Gentile mission (Acts 15).... [ Continue Reading ]
κατένευσαν, they made signs, beckoned, here only in N. T. (ἐνένευον, Luke 1:62); too far to speak perhaps, but fishers would be accustomed to communicate by signs to preserve needful stillness (Schanz). συλλαβέσθαι αὐτοῖς : this verb with dative occurs in Philippians 4:3 = to help one. ὥστε, with in... [ Continue Reading ]
Πέτρος : here for first time introduced without explanation, presumably in connection with the great crisis in his history. ἀνὴρ ἁμαρτωλός : a natural exclamation especially for an impulsive nature in the circumstances. But the utterance, though real, might have been passed over in the tradition. Wh... [ Continue Reading ]
_Sequel of the miracle_.... [ Continue Reading ]
Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην, dependent on περιέσχεν : fear encompassed them also, not less than Peter and the rest. This special mention of them is not explained, unless inferentially in what follows. μὴ φοβοῦ, fear not, addressed to Peter alone. He alone, _so far as appears_, is to become a fisher of men,... [ Continue Reading ]
καταγαγόντες τ. πλ., drawing up their ships on land; that work done for ever. Chiefly in Lk. and Acts.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐν μιᾷ τ. π. for ἔν τινι, one of the cities or towns of Galilee in which Jesus had been preaching (Mark 1:39; Luke 4:44). καὶ ἰδοὺ, after καὶ ἐγένετο, very Hebraistic. πλήρης λέπρας, _full_ of leprosy (λεπρὸς in parallels). Note here again the desire to magnify the miracle. ἐὰν θέλῃς, etc., the man'... [ Continue Reading ]
_The leper_ (Matthew 8:1-4; Mark 1:40-45).... [ Continue Reading ]
ἥψατο : this also in all three a cardinal point; the touch the practical proof of the will and the sympathy. No shrinking from the loathsome disease. ἡ λέπρα ἀπῆλθεν : Lk. takes one of Mk.'s two phrases, Mt. the other. Lk. takes the one which most clearly implies a cure; ἐκαθερίσθη (Mt.) might conce... [ Continue Reading ]
ἀλλὰ, etc.: here the _oratio indirecta_ passes into _or. directa_ as in Acts 1:4; Acts 14:22, etc. τῷ ἱερεῖ, to the priest; not necessarily in Jerusalem, but to the priest in the province whose business it was to attend to such duties (Hahn).... [ Continue Reading ]
ἀκούειν, to hear, but not _the word_ as in Luke 5:1, rather to hear about the wonderful Healer and to get healing for themselves (θεραπεύεσθαι).... [ Continue Reading ]
To retirement mentioned in Mk. Lk. adds _prayer_ (προσευχόμενος); frequent reference to this in Lk.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐν μιᾷ τῶν ἡμερῶν, a phrase as vague as a note of time as that in Luke 5:12 as a note of place. καὶ αὐτὸς, etc., _and_ He was teaching; the Hebraistic paratactic construction so common in Lk. Note καὶ ἦσαν and καὶ δύναμις Κ. ἦν following. νομοδιδάσκαλοι, teachers of the law, Lk.'s equivalent for γρα... [ Continue Reading ]
_The paralytic_ (Matthew 9:1-8; Mark 2:1-12).... [ Continue Reading ]
Luke 5:18, παραλελυμένος, instead of παραλυτικος in the parallels, the former more in use among physicians, and the more classical. ἐζήτουν. imperfect, implying difficulty in finding access, due, one might think, to the great numbers of Pharisees and lawyers present, no mention having as yet been ma... [ Continue Reading ]
ποίας (διὰ ποίας ὁδοῦ), by what way. σ. τ. κλινιδίῳ : dim. of κλίνη (Luke 5:18, here only in N. T.). Lk. avoids Mk.'s κράββατος, though apparently following him as to the substance of the story.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἄνθρωπε, _man_, instead of Mk.'s more kindly τέκνον and Mt.'s still more sympathetic θάρσει τέκνον; because (suggests J. Weiss) it was not deemed fitting that such a sinner should be addressed as son or child! This from Lk., the evangelist of grace! The substitution, from whatever reason proceeding,... [ Continue Reading ]
διαλογίζεσθαι : Lk. omits the qualifying phrases ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις of Mt. and Mk., leaving it doubtful whether they _spoke out_ or merely _thought_. λέγοντες does not settle the point, as it merely indicates to what effect they reasoned.... [ Continue Reading ]
The expression “in your hearts” coming in here suggests that Lk. may have omitted it in Luke 5:21 merely to avoid repetition.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἔγειρε καὶ ἄρας … πορεύου : by introducing the participle ἄρας Lk. improves the style as compared with Mk., but weakens the force of the utterance, “arise, take up thy bed and go”. The same remark applies to the words of the scribes, Luke 5:21, “who is this that speaketh blasphemies?” compared with,... [ Continue Reading ]
παραχρῆμα (παρὰ τὸ χρῆμα), on the spot, instantly; in Lk. only, magnifying the miracle.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἔκστασις might be taken out of Mk.'s ἐξίστασθαι. παράδοξα. Each evangelist expresses the comments of the people in different terms. All three may be right, and not one of them may give the _ipsissima verba_. Lk.'s version is: We have seen _unexpected things_ to-day. Here only in N. T.... [ Continue Reading ]
ἐθεάσατο, instead of εἶδεν. Hahn, appealing to John 1:14; John 4:35; John 11:45, assigns to it the meaning, to look with interest, to let the eye rest on with complacency. But it is doubtful whether in later usage it meant more than to look in order to observe. If the view stated in Mt. on the so-ca... [ Continue Reading ]
_Call of Levi_ (Matthew 9:9-13; Mark 2:13-17).... [ Continue Reading ]
καταλιπὼν ἅπαντα, leaving all behind, in Lk. only; a specialty of the ebionitically inclined evangelist, thinks J. Weiss (in Meyer). But it merely predicates of Levi what all three evangelists predicate of Peter and his comrades.... [ Continue Reading ]
δοχὴν (from δέχομαι here and in Luke 14:13), a reception, a feast, in Sept [51] for מִשְׁתֶּה (Genesis 26:30; Esther 1:3). That Mt. made a feast is directly stated only by Lk., perhaps as an inference from the phrases in Mk. which imply it: κατακεῖσθαι, συνανέκειντο (Luke 5:15), ἐσθίει καὶ πίνει (Lu... [ Continue Reading ]
οἱ φαρισαῖοι καὶ οἱ γραμ. αὐτῶν, the Pharisees, and the scribes connected with them, the professional men of the party. They were not of course guests, but they might if they chose look in: no privacy on such occasions in the East; or they might watch the strange company as they dispersed. ἐσθίετε κ... [ Continue Reading ]
Jesus replies, understanding that it is He who is put on His defence. His reply is given in identical terms in all three Synoptics; a remarkable _logion_ carefully preserved in the tradition.... [ Continue Reading ]
εἰς μετάνοιαν : doubtless a gloss of Lk.'s or of a tradition he used, defining and guarding the saying, but also limiting its scope. καλέσαι is to be understood in a festive sense = I came to call sinners _to the feast of the Kingdom_, as I have called to this feast the “sinners” of Capernaum.... [ Continue Reading ]
οἱ δὲ connects what follows with what goes before as a continuation of the same story. Not so in Mk.: connection there simply topical. The supposed speakers are the Pharisees and scribes (Luke 5:30). In Mk. Phar. and John's disciples. In Mt. the latter only. If the Pharisees and scribes were the spo... [ Continue Reading ]
_Fasting_ (Matthew 9:14-17; Mark 2:18-22).... [ Continue Reading ]
μὴ δύνασθε … ποιῆσαι νησ., can ye make them fast? In Mt. and Mk., can they fast? Lk.'s form of the question points to the futility of prescriptions in the circumstances. The Master could not make His disciples fast even if He wished.... [ Continue Reading ]
καὶ ὅταν : Mt. and Mk. place the καὶ before τότε in the next clause. Lk.'s arrangement throws more emphasis on ἡμέραι : there will come _days_, and when, etc. The καὶ may be explicative (= _et quidem_, Bornemann), or it may introduce the apodosis. ὅταν ἀπαρθῇ, the subjunctive with ἂν in a relative c... [ Continue Reading ]
_Relative parabolic Logia_. ἔλεγε … ὅτι : an editorial introduction to the parabolic sayings. The first of these, as given by Lk., varies in form from the version in the parallels, suggests somewhat different ideas, and is in itself by no means clear. Much depends on whether we omit or retain σχίσας... [ Continue Reading ]
The tradition of the second _logion_ seems to have come down to Lk.'s time without variation; at all events he gives it substantially as in parallels. The difficulty connected with this parabolic word is not critical or exegetical, but scientific. The question has been raised: could even new, tough... [ Continue Reading ]
gives the positive side of the truth answering to Matthew 9:17 b, only substituting the verbal adjective βλητέον for βάλλουσιν.... [ Continue Reading ]
The thought in this verse is peculiar to Lk. It seems to be a genial apology for conservatism in religion, with tacit reference to John and his disciples, whom Jesus would always treat with consideration. They loved the old wine of Jewish piety, and did not care for new ways. They found it good (χρη... [ Continue Reading ]